prati : práti ind. (as a prefix to roots and their derivative nouns and other nouns, sometimes pratī; for 2. See p. 664) towards, near to

prati : against, in opposition to

prati : back, again, in return

prati : down upon, upon, on

prati : before nouns it expresses also likeness or comparison (cf. prati-candra)

prati : or it forms Avyayībhāvas of different kinds (cf. prati-kṣaṇam, prati-graham, praty-agni &c.; rarely ifc., e.g. sūpaprati, a little broth, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 9])

prati : or as a prep. with usually preceding acc., in the sense of towards, against, to, upon, in the direction of (e.g. śabdam p°, in the direction of the sound, [R.]; agnim pr°, against the fire, [Mn.]; also °ty-agni ind., [Pāṇ. vi, 2, 33], Sch.; ripum pr°, against the enemy, [Mn.]; ātmānam pr°, to one's self, [Ratnāv.])

prati : opposite, before, in the presence of (e.g. rodasī pr°, before heaven and earth, [RV.])

prati : in comparison, on a par with, in proportion to (e.g. indram pr°, in comparison with I°, [RV.]; sahasrāṇi pr°, on a par with i.e. equivalent to thousands, [ib.]; also with abl. or -tas; cf. [Pāṇ. i, 4, 92]; [ii, 3, 11])

prati : in the vicinity of, near, beside, at, on (e.g. yūpam pr°, near the sacrificial post, [AitBr.]; gaṅgām pr°, at or on the Ganges, [R.]; etat pr°, at this point, [TS.]; āyodhanam pr°, on the field of battle, [MBh.])

prati : at the time of, about, through, for (e.g. phālgunam pr°, about the month Ph°, [Mn.]; ciram pr°, for a long time, [MBh.]; bhṛśam pr°, often, repeatedly, [Car.])

prati : or used distributively (cf. [Pāṇ. i, 4, 90]) to express at every, in or on every, severally (e.g. yajñam pr°, at every sacrifice, [Yājñ.]; yajñaṃ yajñam pr°, [TS.]; varṣam pr°, every year, annually, [Pañcat.]; in this sense often comp.; cf. above)

prati : in favour of, for ([Pāṇ. i, 4, 90]; e.g. pāṇḍavān pr°, in favour of the P°s, [MBh.])

prati : on account of, with regard to, concerning ([Pāṇ.]; [ib.], e.g. sīmām pr°, concerning a boundary, [Mn.]; gautamam pr°, with regard to G°, [R.])

prati : conformably or according to (e.g. mām pr°, according to me, i.e. in my opinion, [Mālav.]; cf. mām praty araṇyavat pratibhāti, ‘it seems to me like a forest’, [Hit.]; na bubhukṣitam prati bhāti kiṃ cit, ‘to a hungry man nothing is of any account’, [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 2])

prati : as, for (after a verb meaning, ‘to regard or consider’; cf. [Vikr. iv, 69])

prati : or as prep. with abl. in return or as compensation for, instead or in the place of ([Pāṇ. i, 4, 92], Sch.)

prati : with abl. or -tas See above

prati : with abl. or gen. (?) to express, ‘about’, ‘at the time of’ (only prati vastoḥ, ‘at daybreak’, [RV.])

prati : as prep. with gen. = with reference to, [Hariv. 10967].

prati : [cf. Zd. paiti; Gk. προτί, ποτί, πρός.]

prati : in comp. with nouns not immediately connected with roots.

prati : m. N. of a son of Kuśa, [BhP.]

adya : See s.v.

adya : mfn. fit or proper to be eaten

adya : n. (am) ifc. (cf. annádya, havir adya) food.

adya : a-dyá ind. (Ved. adyā́) (fr. pronom. base a, this, with dya for dyu, q.v., Lat. ho-die), to-day

adya : now-a-days

adya : now.

sumanas : su—mánas mfn. good-minded, well-disposed, benevolent, gracious, favourable, pleasant, agreeable, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Gobh.]; [KaṭhUp.]

sumanas : well pleased, satisfied, cheerful, easy, comfortable, [RV.] &c. &c.

sumanas : wise, intelligent, [Kāv.]; [Kathās.]

sumanas : su—mánas m. a god, [Śiś.]; [ŚārṅgP.] (cf. -manokasa below)

sumanas : a good or wise man, [L.]

sumanas : N. of various plants (accord. to [L.] ‘wheat, a kind of Karañja, Azadirachta Indica, Guilandina Bonduc’), [Suśr.]

sumanas : N. of a Dānava, [Hariv.]

sumanas : of a son of Uru and Āgneyī, [ib.]

sumanas : of a son of Ulmuka, [BhP.]

sumanas : of a son of Hary-aśva, [VP.]

sumanas : of various other men, [MBh.]; [Hariv.]; [Kathās.]

sumanas : (pl.) N. of a partic. class of gods under the 12th Manu, [Pur.]

sumanas : su—mánas f. (pl. or in comp.) flowers, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.

sumanas : great-flowering jasmine, [L.]

sumanas : N. of the wife of Madhu and mother of Vīra-vrata, [BhP.]

sumanas : of various other women, [Kathās.]

sumanas : su—mánas n. a flower, [Śatr.]

budh : cl. 1. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxi, 11]) bodhati, °te; cl. 4. Ā. [xxvi, 63] búdhyate (ep. also P. °ti; pf. P. bubodha, [MBh.]; Subj. búbodhati, [RV.]; Ā. bubudhé, p. bubudhāná, [ib.]; aor. P. Subj. bodhiṣat, [ib.] ; Impv. bodhi, [ib.]; Ā. 3. pl. abudhram, °ran; p. budhāná, [ib.] Subj. budhánta, [ib.]; abhutsi, [ib.]; Prec. Ā. bhutsīṣṭa, [Pāṇ. i, 2, 11], Sch.; fut. bhotsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; boddhā Gr.; ind.p. buddhvā, [Yājñ.]; [MBh.]; -budhya, [Br.] &c.; inf. búdhe, [Br.]; budhí, [RV.]; boddhum, [MBh.] &c.), to wake, wake up, be awake, [RV.] &c. &c.; to recover consciousness (after a swoon), [Kāvyād.]; [Bhaṭṭ.] (aor. Pass. abodhi); to observe, heed, attend to (with acc. or gen.), [RV.]; to perceive, notice, learn, understand, become or be aware of or acquainted with, [RV.] &c. &c.; to think of i.e. present a person (‘with’ instr.), [RV. iv, 15, 7]; [vii, 21, 1]; to know to be, recognize as (with two acc.), [MBh.]; [R.] &c.; to deem, consider or regard as (with two acc.), [R.]; [Kathās.] : Pass. budhyate (aor. abodhi), to be awakened or restored to consciousness; See above: Caus. bodháyati, °te (aor. abūbudhat; Pass. bodhyate), to wake up, arouse, restore to life or consciousness, [RV.] &c. &c.; to revive the scent (of a perfume), [VarBṛS.]; to cause (a flower) to expand, [Kāv.]; to cause to observe or attend, admonish, advise, [RV.] &c. &c.; to make a person acquainted with, remind or inform of, impart or communicate anything to (with two acc.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.: Desid. bubhutsati, °te (Gr. also bubodhiṣati, °te, and bubudhiṣati, °te), to wish to observe, desire to become acquainted with, [Nyāyas.]; [BhP.] : Desid. of Caus. See bibodhayiṣu and bubodhayiṣu: Intens. bobudhīti (Gr. also bobudhyate, boboddhi), to have an insight into, understand thoroughly (with acc.), [Subh.]

budh : [cf. Zd. bud; Gk. πυθ for (ϕυθ) in πυνθάνομαι, πυθέσθαι, Slav. bǔděti, bǔdrǔ; Lith. budė́ti, budrùs; Goth. biudan; Germ. biotan, bieten; Angl.Sax. béodan; Eng. bid.]

budh : mfn. (nom. bhut) awaking (cf. uṣarbúdh)

budh : intelligent, wise (cf. a-budh).

asmāka : asmā́ka mfn. (fr. asma + añc? cf. ápāka &c.) our, ours, [RV.] (cf. āsmāká.)

maghavan : maghá—van (maghá-), mfn. (middle stem maghá-vat [which may be used throughout], weak stem maghón; nom. m. maghávā or °vān f. maghónī or maghavatī [[Vop.]]; n. maghavat; nom. pl. m. once maghónas; cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 128]; [133]), possessing or distributing gifts, bountiful, liberal, munificent (esp. said of Indra and other gods, but also of institutors of sacrifices who pay the priests and singers), [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; [Up.]

maghavan : maghá—van m. N. of Indra (also pl. °vantaḥ), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.

maghavan : of a Vyāsa or arranger of the Purāṇas, [Cat.]

maghavan : of a Dānava, [Hariv.]

maghavan : of the 3rd Cakra-vartin in Bhārata, [L.]

vayam : vayám nom. pl. of 1. pers. pron., we (cf. asma).

aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c.

aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.]

aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az].

ca : the 20th letter of the alphabet, 1st of the 2nd (or palatal) class of consonants, having the sound of ch in church.

ca : ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as (= τε, Lat. que, placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes; when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form (e.g. táva ca máma ca [not te ca me ca], ‘both of thee and me’), when used after verbs the first of them is accented, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 58 f.]; it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences; in [RV.] the double occurs more frequently than the single (e.g. aháṃ ca tváṃ ca, ‘I and thou’, [viii, 62, 11]); the double may also be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskṛt (e.g. kva hariṇakānāṃ jīvitaṃ cātilolaṃ kva ca vajra-sārāḥ śarās te, ‘where is the frail existence, of fawns and where are thy adamantine arrows?’, [Śak. i, 10]); in later literature, however, the first is more usually omitted (e.g. ahaṃ tvaṃ ca), and when more than two things are enumerated only one is often found (e.g. tejasā yaśasā lakṣmyā sthityā ca parayā, ‘in glory, in fame, in beauty, and in high position’, [Nal. xii, 6]); elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, is placed after some and omitted after others (e.g. ṛṇa-dātā ca vaidyaś ca śrotriyo nadī, ‘the payer of a debt and a physician [and] a Brāhman [and] a river’, [Hit. i, 4, 55]); in Ved. and even in class. Sanskṛt [[Mn. iii, 20]; [ix, 322]; [Hit.]], when the double would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted (e.g. indraś ca soma, ‘both Indra [and thou] Soma’, [RV. vii, 104, 25]; durbhedyaś cāśusaṃdheyaḥ, ‘both difficult to be divided [and] quickly united’, [Hit. i]); with lexicographers may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed (e.g. kamaṇḍalau ca karakaḥ, ‘the word karaka has the meaning ‘pitcher’ and other meanings’); sometimes is = eva, even, indeed, certainly, just (e.g. su-cintitaṃ cauṣadhaṃ na nāma-mātreṇa karoty arogam, ‘even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name’, [Hit.]; yāvanta eva te tāvāṃśca saḥ, ‘as great as they [were] just so great was he’, [Ragh. xii, 45]); occasionally is disjunctive, ‘but’, ‘on the contrary’, ‘on the other hand’, ‘yet’, ‘nevertheless’ (varam ādyau na cāntimaḥ, ‘better the two first but not the last’, [Hit.] ; śāntam idam āśrama-padaṃ sphurati ca bāhuḥ, ‘this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs’, [Śak. i, 15]); ca-ca, though — yet, [Vikr. ii, 9]; ca-na ca, though — yet not, [Pat.]; — na tu (v.l. nanu) id., [Mālav. iv, 8]; na ca — , though not — yet, [Pat.]; may be used for vā, ‘either’, ‘or’ (e.g. iha cāmutra vā, ‘either here or hereafter’, [Mn. xii, 89]; strī vā pumān vā yac cānyat sattvam, ‘either a woman or a man or any other being’, [R.]), and when a neg. particle is joined with the two may then be translated by ‘neither’, ‘nor’; occasionally one or one na is omitted (e.g. na ca paribhoktuṃ naiva śaknomi hātum, ‘I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon’, [Śak. v, 18]; na pūrvāhṇe na ca parāhṇe, ‘neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon’); ca-ca may express immediate connection between two acts or their simultaneous occurrence (e.g. mama ca muktaṃ tamasā mano manasijena dhanuṣi śaraś ca niveśitaḥ, ‘no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god’, [vi, 8]); is sometimes = ced, ‘if’ (cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 30]; the verb is accented), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Vikr. ii, 20]; [Bhartṛ. ii, 45]; may be used as an expletive (e.g. anyaiś ca kratubhiś ca, ‘and with other sacrifices’); is often joined to an adv. like eva, api, tathā, tathaiva, &c., either with or without a neg. particle (e.g. vairiṇaṃ nopaseveta sahāyaṃ caiva vairiṇaḥ, ‘one ought not to serve either an enemy or the ally of an enemy’, [Mn. iv, 133]); (see eva, api, &c.) For the meaning of after an interrogative See ká, kathā́, kím, kvá);

ca : [cf. τε, Lat. que, pe (in nempe &c.); Goth. uh; Zd. ca; Old Pers. cā.]

ca : mfn. pure, [L.]

ca : moving to and fro, [L.]

ca : mischievous, [L.]

ca : seedless, [L.]

ca : m. a thief, [L.]

ca : the moon, [L.]

ca : a tortoise, [L.]

ca : Śiva, [L.]

uṣas : uṣás ās, f. (nom. pl. uṣā́sas and uṣásas; instr. pl. uṣádbhis, [RV. i, 6, 3]; see [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 48]) morning light, dawn, morning (personified as the daughter of heaven and sister of the Ādityas and the night), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Śak.] &c.

uṣas : the evening light, [RV. x, 127, 7]

uṣas : N. of a wife of Bhava (= Φοῖβος) or Rudra, [VP.]

uṣas : (uṣā́sau, °ā́sā, and °ásā) f. du. night and morning, [RV.]; [VS.] &c.

uṣas : uṣás (as), n. daybreak, dawn, twilight, [Uṇ. iv, 233]; [L.]

uṣas : the outer passage of the ear, [L.]

uṣas : the Mālaya range, [L.]

uṣas : , [cf. Gk. ἠώς; Lat. auro-ra; Lith. ausz-ra; Old High Germ. ôs-tan.]

uṣas : uṣás See under √ 1. uṣ

bhā : bhā́ f. (ā́) light or a beam of light, lustre, splendour, [MBh.]; [Hariv.]; [Var.] &c. (cf. 2. )

bhā : the shadow of a gnomon, [Sūryas.]

bhā : appearance, resemblance, likeness (ifc.; cf. agni-bha, guḍa-bhā, tantu-bha)

bhā : cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 43]) bhā́ti (pr. p. bhāt f. bhāntī or bhātī, [Vop.]; Pot. bhāyāt, [TBr.]; pl. babhau, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; aor. abhāsīt Gr. [Bhaṭṭ.]; fut. bhāsyáti, [Br.] &c.), to shine, be bright or luminous, [RV.] &c. &c.; to shine forth, appear, show one's self, [ib.]; to be splendid or beautiful or eminent, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. (with na, to cut a poor figure, [Kathās.]); to appear as, seem, look like, pass for (nom. with or without iva adv. in vat), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to be, exist, [W.]; to show, exhibit, manifest, [Bhaṭṭ.] (v.l.) : Pass. bhāyate, impers. radiance is put forth by (instr.), [Bhaṭṭ.] : Caus. bhāpayate; aor. abībhapat Gr.: Desid. bibhāsati, [ib.] : Intens. bābhāyate, bābheti, bābhāti, [ib.]

bhā : [cf. √ bhan, bhāṣ, bhās; Gk. ϕημί, ϕάσκω; Lat. fāri &c.; Germ. Bann; Eng. ban.]

bhā : bhā́ f. (nom. prob. bhā́s) light, brightness, splendour &c. (cf. f. of 4. bha), [VS.]; [ŚBr.]

bhā : bhā́ m. the sun, [L.] (cf. 2. bhās).

yūyam : yūyám See under yuṣma, p. 855.col. 3.

pāta : mfn. (for 2. See p. 616, col. 3) watched, protected, preserved, [L.]

pāta : m. (for 1. See under √ 3. pā) flying, mode of flying, flight, [MBh.]

pāta : throwing one's self or falling into (loc.) or from (abl.), fall, downfall (also ifc. after what would be a gen. or abl. &c. e.g., gṛha-, fall of a house; parvata-, fall from a mountain; bhū-, fall on the earth), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.

pāta : alighting, descending or causing to descend, casting or throwing upon, cast, fall (of a thunderbolt), throw, shot, [MBh.]; [R.]; [Pañcat.]

pāta : a stroke (of a sword &c.), [Kathās.]

pāta : application (of ointment, of a knife &c.), [Kāvyād.]

pāta : casting or directing (a look or glance of the eyes), [Ragh.]

pāta : decay of the body (deha-pāta), death, [Kathās.]; [Bādar.]

pāta : (with garbhasya) fall of the fetus, miscarriage, [Suśr.]

pāta : an attack, incursion, [Var.]

pāta : a case, possibility, [ŚāṅkhBr.]

pāta : happening, occurrence, appearance, [Prab.]; [Kathās.]; [Daśar.]

pāta : a fault, error, mistake, [Sūryas.]

pāta : the node in a planet's orbit, [ib.] (cf. [IW. 179])

pāta : a malignant aspect, [ib.]

pāta : N. of Rāhu, [L.]

pāta : pl. N. of a school of the Yajur-veda, [ib.]

pā : f. guarding, protecting, [L.]

pā : f. = pūta and pūritaka.

pā : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. xxii, 27]) píbati (Ved. and ep. also Ā. °te; rarely pipati, °te, [Kāṭh.]; [Br.]) cl. 2. pāti, pāthás, pānti, [RV.]; [AV.]; p. Ā. papāná, [RV.], pípāna, [AV.] (pf. P. papaú, 2. sg. papātha, [RV.]; papitha, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 64], Sch.; papīyāt, [RV.]; p. papivás, [AV.]; Ā. pape, papire, [RV.]; p. papāná, [ib.]; aor. or impf. apāt, [RV.] [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 77]]; 3. pl. apuḥ [?] [RV. i, 164, 7]; -pāsta, [AV. xii, 3, 43]; Prec. 3. sg. peyās, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; pātā Gr.; ind.p. pītvā́, [RV.] &c. &c., °tvī, [RV.]; -pāya, [AV.] &c. &c.; -pīya, [MBh.]; pāyam, [Kāvyād.]; inf. píbadhyai, [RV.]; pātum, [MBh.] &c.; pā́tave, [AV.]; [Br.]; pā́tavaí, [RV.]), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with acc., rarely gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears &c.), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to drink up, exhaust, absorb, [BhP.]; [Pañc.]; to drink intoxicating liquors, [Buddh.] : Pass. pīyáte, [AV.] &c. &c.: Caus. pāyayati, °te (pf. pāyayām āsā, [MBh.]; aor. apīpyat, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 4]; ind.p. pāyayitvā, [MBh.]; inf. pā́yayitavaí, [ŚBr.]), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle), [RV.] &c. &c.: Desid. pipāsati ([RV.] also pipīṣati), to wish to drink, thirst, [ib.] : Desid. of Caus. pipāyayiṣati, to wish or intend to give to drink, [Kāṭh.] : Intens. pepīyate (p. °yamāna also with pass meaning), to drink greedily or repeatedly, [Up.]; [Hariv.]

pā : [cf. Gk. πέ-πω-κα; Aeol. πώ-νω = πίνω; Lat. pō-tus, pō-tum, bibo for pi-bo; Slav. pi-ja, pi-ti]

pā : mfn. drinking, quaffing &c. (cf. agre-, ṛtu-, madhu-, soma- &c.)

pā : cl. 2. P. ([Dhāt. xxiv, 48]) pā́ti (Impv. pāhí; pr. p. P. pā́t Ā. pāná, [RV.]; pf. papau Gr.; aor. apāsīt, [Rājat.] Subj. pāsati, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, pātā Gr.; Prec. pāyāt, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 68], Sch.; inf. pātum, [MBh.]), to watch, keep, preserve; to protect from, defend against (abl.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to protect (a country) i.e. rule, govern, [Rājat.]; to observe, notice, attend to, follow, [RV.]; [AitBr.] : Caus. pālayati See √ pāl: Desid. pipāsati Gr.: Intens. pāpāyate, pāpeti, pāpāti, [ib.]

pā : [cf. Zd. pā, paiti; Gk. πά-ομαι, πέ-πα-μαι, πῶ-ν, &c.; Lat. pa-sco, pa-bulum; Lith. pë-mů́]

pā : mfn. keeping, protecting, guarding &c. (cf. apāna-, ritā-, go-, tanū- &c.)

pā : cl. 3. Ā. pípīte, to rise against, be hostile (see 2. anūt-√ , p. 41; 2. ut-pā, p. 181; praty-ut- √ , p. 677).

svasti : sv-astí n. f. (nom. svastí, °tís; acc. svastí, °tím; instr. svastí, °tyā́; dat. svastáye; loc. svastaú; instr. svastíbhis; also personified as a goddess, and sometimes as Kalā cf. svasti-devī), well-being, fortune, luck, success, prosperity, [RV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; [R.]; [BhP.]

svasti : sv-astí (í), ind. well, happily, successfully (also = ‘may it be well with thee! hail! health! adieu! be it!’ a term of salutation [esp. in the beginning of letters] or of sanction or approbation), [RV.]; &c.

sadā : sádā ind. always, ever, every time, continually, perpetually (with na, ‘never’), [RV.] &c. &c.

aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c.

aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.]

aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az].