yam : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. xxiii, 15]) yácchati (Ved. also °te, and Ved. ep. yámati, °te; pf. yayāma, yeme; 2. sg. yayantha, 3. pl. yemúḥ, yemiré, [RV.] &c. &c.; 3. du. irreg. -yamatuḥ, [RV. v, 67, 1]; aor. áyān, áyamuh; Impv. yaṃsi, yandhí; Pot. yamyās, yamīmahi, [RV.]; áyāṃsam, ayāṃsi, áyaṃsta Subj. yaṃsat, °satas, °sate, [ib.]; [Br.]; 3. sg. -yámiṣṭa, [RV. v, 32, 7]; ayaṃsiṣam Gr.; fut. yantā, [ib.]; yaṃsyati, yamiṣyati, [Br.] &c. inf. yántum, yamitum, [ib.]; yántave, yámitavaí, [RV.]; ind.p. yatvā, yamitvā, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; yátya, [AV.]; [Br.]; -yamya, [GṛŚrS.]; -yámam, [RV.]; [Br.]), to sustain, hold, hold up, support (Ā. ‘one's self’; with loc. ‘to be founded on’), [RV.]; [Br.]; [ChUp.]; to raise, wield (a weapon &c.; Ā. with āyudhaiḥ, ‘to brandish weapons’), [RV.]; to raise, extend or hold (as a screen &c.) over (dat.), [RV.]; (Ā.) to extend one's self before (dat.), [AitBr.]; to raise (the other scale), weigh more, [ŚBr.]; to stretch out, expand, spread, display, show, [RV.]; to hold or keep in, hold back, restrain, check, curb, govern, subdue, control, [ib.] &c. &c.; to offer; confer, grant, bestow on (dat. or loc.), present with (instr.), [RV.] &c. &c.; (with mārgam), to make way for (gen.), [MBh.]; (with prati and abl.), to give anything in exchange for anything, [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 11]; (Ā.) to give one's self up to, be faithful to, obey (dat.), [RV.]; to raise, utter (a sound &c.), [ib.]; to fix, establish, [ib.]; (Ā.) to be firm, not budge, [RV.]; to catch fire, [TBr.] (Sch.) : Pass. yamyáte (aor. áyāmi), to be raised or lifted up or held back or restrained, [RV.] &c. &c.: Caus. yāmayati ([AV.]), yamayati ([Br.] &c.; °te, [MBh.]; aor. ayīyamat), to restrain, hold in, control, keep or put in order: Desid. yiyaṃsati, to wish to restrain &c., [Br.] : Intens. yaṃyamīti (see ud-√ yam) or yaṃyamyate ([Pāṇ. vii, 4, 85], Vārtt. 2, [Pat.]) [cf. Gk. ζημία, ‘restraint, punishment’.]

ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j).

ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.]

ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ].

ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover

ya : wind

ya : joining

ya : restraining

ya : fame

ya : a carriage (?)

ya : barley

ya : light

ya : abandoning

īr : cl. 2. Ā. ī́rte (3. pl. ī́rate, [AV.]; [RV.]), īraṃ-cakre, īriṣyati, airiṣṭa, īritum; Ved. inf. irádhyai, [RV. i, 134, 2], to go, move, rise, arise from, [RV.]; to go away, retire, [AV. xix, 38, 2]; to agitate, elevate, raise (one's voice), [RV.] : Caus. P. īráyati (cf. √ īl), to agitate, throw, cast; to excite, [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [R.] &c.; to cause to rise; to bring to life; to raise one's voice, utter, pronounce, proclaim, cite, [RV.]; [ChUp.]; [Ragh.]; [Suśr.] &c. ; to elevate, [RV.]; [VS.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.] : Ā. to raise one's self, [AV.]; [VS.]

bhṛgu : bhṛ́gu m. pl. (√ bhrāj) N. of a mythical race of beings (closely connected with fire, which they find [[RV. x, 46, 2]] and bring to men [[i, 58, 6]; [195, 2]] or enclose in wood [[vi, 15, 2]] or put in the navel of the world [[i, 143, 4]]; or which is brought to them and first kindled by Mātari-śvan [[i, 60, 1]; [iii, 5, 10]]; they are also said to fabricate chariots [[iv, 16, 20]] and are mentioned together with the Aṅgirasas, Atharvans, Ṛbhus, Maruts, Druhyus &c. [cf. [Naigh. v, 5]]; in [Hcat.] 12 Bhṛgus are enumerated among gods; cf. Gk. οἱ Φλεγύαι), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Kauś.]

bhṛgu : N. of one of the chief Brāhmanical families (to which the Aitaśāyanas are said to belong), [RV.] (esp. [vii, 18, 6]; [viii, 3, 9] &c.); [Br.]; [MBh.]; [Pur.]

bhṛgu : sg. N. of a Ṛṣi regarded as the ancestor of the Bhṛgus, [AV.]; [AitBr.] (he has the patr. Vāruṇi and is the supposed author of [RV. ix, 65]; [x, 19]; he is enumerated among the 10 Maharṣis created by the first Manu, [Mn. i, 35]; cf. [IW. 46] &c.)

bhṛgu : of a son of Kavi, [MBh.]

bhṛgu : of one of the Prajā-patis produced from Brahmā's skin, [Hariv.]; [Pur.]

bhṛgu : of one of the 7 sages, [Hariv.]

bhṛgu : of the father of Cyavana and 6 other sons, [MBh.]

bhṛgu : of the father of Dhātṛ and Vidhātṛ, [Pur.]

bhṛgu : of the father of Śrī (by Khyāti), [ib.]

bhṛgu : of the author of a Dharma-śāstra (cf. bhṛgu-smṛti), [Mn. i, 59]

bhṛgu : of an astronomer, [Cat.] (cf. bhṛgu-saṃhitā)

bhṛgu : of a medical authority, [ib.]

bhṛgu : of the Ṛṣi Jamad-agni or his son, [L.]

bhṛgu : of Śukra or the planet Venus (called either Bhṛgu or the son of Bh°; his day is Friday), [Sūryas.]; [Var.]

bhṛgu : of Kṛṣṇa or of Rudra, [L.]

bhṛgu : of a son of Artha-pati and uncle of the poet Bāṇa, [Vās., Introd.]

bhṛgu : of the top of the mountain Bhṛgu-tuṅga, [Cat.]

bhṛgu : a declivity, slope, precipice, [Hcat.] (cf. bhṛgu-patana).

viśvavedas : viśvá—vedas (viśvá-), mfn. = -vid, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.]

viśvavedas : a sage, saint, [W.]

viśvavedas : viśvá—vedas mfn. (viśvá-) = -vid, [RV.]; [VS.]; [BhP.]

nābhā : nā́bhā loc. of nābhi (for -bhan).

nābhi : nā́bhi f. (prob. fr. √ 1. nabh, ‘to burst asunder or into a hole’; ifc. f. i or ī, [Vām. v, 49]) the navel (also navel-string, cf. -kṛntana), a navel-like cavity, [RV.] &c. &c. (in later language also m. and f(°BI). )

nābhi : the nave of a wheel, [ib.] (also m., [L.], and °BI f.)

nābhi : centre, central point, point of junction or of departure, home, origin, esp. common origin, affinity, relationship

nābhi : a near relation or friend, [ib.] (m., [L.])

nābhi : musk: (= mṛga-n°), [L.]

nābhi : nā́bhi m. or f. musk-deer, [Megh. 53] (?); [BhP.]

nābhi : nā́bhi m. a chief (= central point) of (gen.), [Ragh. xviii, 19] (cf. maṇḍala-nābhi-tā)

nābhi : a sovereign or lord paramount (= mukhya-rāj), [L.]

nābhi : a Kṣatriya, [L.]

nābhi : N. of a grandson of Priya-vrata (son of Agnīdhra and father of Ṛṣabha), [Pur.]

nābhi : of the father of Ṛṣabha (first Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī), [L.]

nābhi : [cf. Angl.Sax. nafu, nafela; Germ. naba, Nabe, nabolo, Nabel; Eng. nave, navel.]

pṛthivī : pṛthivī́ f. (= pṛthvī f. of pṛthu) the earth or wide world (‘the broad and extended One’, personified as devī and often invoked together with the sky [cf. 3. div and dyāvā-pṛthivī, [RTL. 182]]; according to [VP.] daughter of pṛthu; the Veda makes 3 earths, one called bhūmi, inhabited by men, and 2 under it; there is also an earth between the world of men and the circumambient ocean [[ŚBr.]] and one extending through the 3 worlds [[Naigh.]]), [RV.] &c. &c.

pṛthivī : land, ground, soil, [ib.]

pṛthivī : earth regarded as one of the elements, [Prab.]; [Suśr.]

pṛthivī : = antarikṣa, [Naigh. i, 3]

bhuvana : bhúvana n. a being, living creature, man, mankind, [RV.] &c. &c.

bhuvana : (rarely m.) the world, earth, [ib.] (generally 3 worlds are reckoned [see tri-bhuvana and bhuvana-traya], but also 2 [see bhuvana-dvaya], or 7 [[MBh. xii, 6924]] or 14 [[Bhartṛ.]]; cf. [RTL. 102 n. 1])

bhuvana : place of being, abode, residence, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]

bhuvana : a house (v.l. for bhavana), [L.]

bhuvana : (?) causing to exist (= bhāvana), [Nir. vii, 25]

bhuvana : water, [Naigh. i, 15]

bhuvana : bhúvana m. N. of a partic. month, [TS.]

bhuvana : of a Rudra, [VP.]

bhuvana : of an Āptya (author of [RV. x, 157]), [RAnukr.]

bhuvana : of a teacher of Yoga, [Cat.]

bhuvana : of another man, [MBh.]

majmanā : majmánā (ā), ind. altogether, generally, at all (with nákis, ‘no one at all’), [RV.]

agni : agní m. (√ ag, [Uṇ.]) fire, sacrificial fire (of three kinds, Gārhapatya, Āhavanīya, and Dakṣiṇa)

agni : the number three, [Sūryas.]

agni : the god of fire, the fire of the stomach, digestive faculty, gastric fluid

agni : bile, [L.]

agni : gold, [L.]

agni : N. of various plants Semecarpus Anacardium, [Suśr.], Plumbago Zeylanica and Rosea, Citrus Acida

agni : mystical substitute for the letter r

agni : in the Kātantra grammar N. of noun-stems ending in i and u

agni : (also) = next, [ĀpŚr.]

agni : [cf. Lat. ignì-s; Lith. ugni-s; Slav. ognj].

tam : cl. 4. tā́myati ([Pāṇ. vii, 3, 74]; rarely Ā. [R. ii, 63, 46]; [Gīt. v, 16]; pf. tatāma, [ŚBr. iv]; aor. Pass. atami, [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 34], [Kāś.]; Ved. inf. támitos, with ā́ preceding, ‘till exhaustion’, [TBr. i, 4, 4, 2]; [TāṇḍyaBr. xii]; [Lāṭy.]; [Āp.]; pf. Pass. p. -tāntá, q.v.) to gasp for breath (as one suffocating), choke, be suffocated, faint away, be exhausted, perish, be distressed or disturbed or perplexed, [RV. ii, 30, 7] (ná mā tamat [aor. subj.] ‘may I not be exhausted’), [Kāṭh.]; [TBr.] &c.; to stop (as breath), become immovable or stiff, [Suśr.]; [Mālatīm.]; [Amar.]; [Rājat. v, 344]; to desire (cf. 2. °ma, °mata), [Dhātup. xxvi, 93] : Caus. tamáyati (aor. Pass. atāmi, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 93], [Kāś.]) to suffocate, deprive of breath, [ŚBr. iii, 3, 2, 19] and [8, 1, 15]; [KātyŚr. vi, 5, 18]; cf. á-tameru.

sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin).

sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯)

sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2).

sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake

sa : air, wind

sa : a bird

sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva

sa : n. knowledge

sa : meditation

sa : a carriage road

sa : a fence.

sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá).

sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.]

sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’

sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c.

sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.]

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following).

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2.

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

gir : gír mfn. (√ gṝ) addressing, invoking, praising, [RV.]

gir : gír f. (ī́r) invocation, addressing with praise, praise, verse, song, [RV.] (the Maruts are called ‘sons of praise’, sūnávo gíraḥ, [i, 37, 10]), [AV.]

gir : speech, speaking, language, voice, words (e.g. mānuṣīṃ giraṃ √ 1. kṛ, to assume a human voice, [Nal. i, 25]; girāṃ prabhaviṣṇuḥ [[VarBṛS.]] or pati [[VarYogay.]] = gir-īśa, q.v.; tad-girā, on his advice, [Kathās. lxxv]), [ChUp.]; [Mn.]; [Yājñ.]; [MBh.] &c.

gir : = gīr-devī, fame, celebrity, [W.]

gir : a kind of mystical syllable, [RāmatUp.];

gir : [cf. Hib. gair, ‘an outcry, shout’; Gk. γῆρυς.]

gir : mfn. (√ gṝ) ifc. ‘swallowing’, see gara- and muhur-gír.

gir : gír m. = girí, a mountain, [RV. v, 41, 14] and [vii, 39, 5]; [Śiś. iv, 59.]

hi : (cf. √ hay) cl. 5. P. ([Dhātup. xxvii, 11]) hinóti (Ved. also hinuté, hínvati and hinváti, °te; p. hinvāná [with act. and pass. sense] [RV.]; háyat, [RV.]; [TS.]; 1. sg. hiṣe, [RV.]; pf. jighāya, jighyuḥ, [Br.] &c.; jighye [with pass. sense] [Bhaṭṭ.]; aor. áhema, ahyan, heta p. hiyāná [with pass. sense] [RV.]; ahyam [?], áhait, [AV.]; ahaiṣīt, [Br.]; aheṣata, [RV.]; fut. hetā Gr.; heṣyati, [MBh.] &c.; inf. -hyé, [RV.]), to send forth, set in motion, impel, urge on, hasten on (Ā. also intrans.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; to stimulate or incite to (dat.), [RV.]; to assist or help to (dat.), [ib.]; to discharge, hurl, cast, shoot, [RV.]; to convey, bring, procure, [ib.]; [ŚBr.]; to forsake, abandon, get rid of [Bhaṭṭ.]; (hinvati) to gladden, delight, [Dhātup. xv, 82] : Pass. hīyate (aor. ahāyi) Gr.: Caus. hāyayati (aor. ajīhayat), [ib.] : Desid. of Caus. jihāpayiṣati, [ib.] : Desid. jighīṣati, [ib.] : Intens. jeghīyate, jeghayīti, jegheti, [ib.]

hi : hí ind. (used as a particle [cf. ha and gha] and usually denoting) for, because, on account of (never standing first in a sentence, but generally after the first word and used enclitically, sometimes after pronouns; e.g. sárvo hí pṛ́tanā jigīṣati, ‘for everybody wishes to win battles’; bhavān hi pramāṇam, ‘for your honour is the authority’; tathā hi, ‘for example’, ‘accordingly’; ná hí or nahí, ‘for not’, ‘not at all’), [RV.] &c. &c.

hi : just, pray, do (with an Impv. or Pot. emphatically; sometimes with Indic., e.g. paśyāmo hi, ‘we will just see’), [ib.]

hi : indeed, assuredly, surely, of course, certainly (hí vaí, ‘most assuredly’; hi-tu or hi-punar, ‘indeed-but’; often a mere expletive, esp. to avoid a hiatus, sometimes repeated in the same sentence; is also said to be an interjection of ‘envy’, ‘contempt’, ‘hurry’ &c.), [ib.]

sva : svá mf(A/)n. own, one's own, my own, thy own, his own, her own, our own, their own &c. (referring to all three persons accord. to context, often ibc., but generally declinable like the pronominal sarva, e.g. svasmai dat. svasmāt abl. [optionally in abl. loc. sing. nom. pl., e.g. taṃ svād āsyād asṛjat, ‘he created him from his own mouth’, [Mn. i, 94]]; and always like śiva when used substantively [see below]; sometimes used loosely for ‘my’, ‘thy’, ‘his’, ‘our’ [e.g. rājā bhrātaraṃ sva-gṛham preṣayām-āsa, ‘the king sent his brother to his (i.e. the brother's) house’]; in the oblique cases it is used as a reflexive pronoun = ātman, e.g. svaṃ dūṣayati, ‘he defiles himself’; svaṃ nindanti, ‘they blame themselves’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sva : svá m. one's self, the Ego, the human soul, [W.]

sva : N. of Viṣṇu, [MBh.]

sva : a man of one's own people or tribe, a kinsman, relative, relation, friend (svāḥ, ‘one's own relations’, ‘one's own people’), [AV.] &c. &c.

sva : svá n. (ifc. f(A). ) one's self, the Ego (e.g. svaṃ ca brahma ca, ‘the Ego and Brahman’)

sva : one's own goods, property, wealth, riches (in this sense said to be also m.), [RV.] &c. &c.

sva : the second astrological mansion, [VarBṛS.]

sva : (in alg.) plus or the affirmative quantity, [W.] (N.B. in the following comp. o° own stands for one's own.)

sva : [cf. Gk. ἕ, ὅς, σϕός; Lat. se, sovos, suus; Goth. sik; Germ. sich &c.]

sva : Nom. P. svati (pf. svām-āsa) = sva ivācarati, he acts like himself or his kindred, [Vop. xxi, 7.]

ā : the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far.

ā : ind. a particle of reminiscence, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14]; [Pat.]

ā : also of compassion or pain [more correctly written 1. ās, q.v.], and of assent, [L.] [This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1. ās), [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14.]]

ā : m. N. of Śiva, [L.]

ā : grandfather, [L.]

ā : f. N. of Lakṣmī, [L.]

ā : ā́ (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, and their derivatives) near, near to, towards (see ā-√ kram &c.; in the Veda, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb; in a few cases, [RV. i, 10, 11] and [v, 64, 5], a verb in the imperative is to be supplied; with roots like gam, yā, and i, ‘to go’, and 1. dā, ‘to give’, it reverses the action; e.g. ā-gacchati, ‘he comes’; ā-datte, ‘he takes’). (As a prep. with a preceding acc.) near to, towards, to, [RV.]

ā : (with a preceding noun in the acc., as jóṣam or váram) for, [RV.]

ā : (with a following acc.) up to … exclusively, [AitBr.]

ā : (with a preceding abl.) from, [RV.]; [AV.]

ā : out of, from among (e.g. bahúbhya ā́, ‘from among many’), [RV.]

ā : towards (only in asmád ā́, ‘towards us’), [RV.]

ā : (with a following abl. cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 13] & [3, 10]) up to, to, as far as, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

ā : from, [RV. i, 30, 21]

ā : (with a preceding loc.) in, at, on [RV.]; [AV.] (As an adv. after words expressing a number or degree) fully, really, indeed (e.g. trír ā́ divás, ‘quite or fully three times a day’; mahimā́ vām índrāgnī pániṣṭha ā́,, ‘your greatness, O Indra and Agni, is most praiseworthy indeed’, &c.), [RV.]

ā : (after a subst. or adj.) ‘as, like’, (or it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word), [RV.], (after a verb), [RV. v, 7, 7]; [KenaUp.]

ā : (as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, and (it is placed either between the two words connected [rarely after the second, [RV. x, 16, 11], or after both, [RV. x, 92, 8]] or, if there are more, after the last [[RV. iv, 57, 1] and [x, 75, 5]]; see also ātaś ca s.v.) In classical Sanskṛt it may denote the limit ‘to’, ‘until’, ‘as far as’, ‘from’, either not including the object named or including it (sometimes with acc. or abl. or forming an adv.) e.g. ā-maraṇam or ā-maraṇāt, ‘till death’, [Pañcat.] (cf. ā-maraṇānta &c.)

ā : ā-gopālā dvijātayaḥ, ‘the twice-born including the cowherds’, [MBh. ii, 531]

ā : ā-samudram or ā-samudrāt, ‘as far as the ocean’ or ‘from the ocean’ (but not including it)

ā : ā-kumāram, ‘from a child’ or ‘from childhood’ or ‘to a child’ (cf. Lat. a puero), [MBh. iii, 1403]

ā : ā-kumāram yaśaḥ pāṇineḥ, ‘the fame of Pāṇini extends even to children’

ā : ā́ ājānu-bāhu mfn. ‘one whose arms reach down to the knees’, [R. i, 1, 12]

ā : ā́ (see also ākarṇa- and ājanma-)

ā : ā́ (cf. ā-jarasám, ā-vyuṣám, ā-saptama, otsūryám.) Prefixed to adj. [rarely to subst.; cf. ā-kopa] it implies diminution, [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 18] Comm. ‘a little’ e.g. ā-piñjara mfn. a little red, reddish, [Ragh. xvi, 51]

ā : ā́ (see also ā-pakva, oṣṇa, &c.) Some commentaries (e.g. Comm. on [Ragh. iii, 8]) occasionally give to in this application the meaning samantāt, ‘all through, completely’, as ā-nīla, ‘blue all round’.

dama : dáma m. (or n.) house, home (δόμος, Lat. domus), [RV.]; [AV. vii] (also puru-dáma, q.v.), [VS. viii, 24]

dama : dáma mfn. ifc. ‘taming, subduing’, see ariṃ-, gāṃ-, baliṃ-

dama : dáma m. self-command, self-restraint, self-control, [ŚBr. xiv, 8, 2, 4] (°má, but cf. [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 34], [Kāś.]), [TUp.]; [KenUp.]; [Mn.] &c.

dama : taming, [L.]

dama : punishment, fine, [viii f.]; [Yājñ. ii, 4]; [BhP.]

dama : N. of a brother of Damayantī, [Nal. i, 9]

dama : of a Maha-rṣi, [MBh. xiii, 1762]

dama : of a son of Dakṣa, [i], Sch.

dama : of a grandson [or son, [BhP. ix, 2, 29]] of Marutta, [VP. iv, 1, 20]; [MārkP. cxxxiv]; [VāyuP.]

dama : cf. dur-, su-.

ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j).

ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.]

ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ].

ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover

ya : wind

ya : joining

ya : restraining

ya : fame

ya : a carriage (?)

ya : barley

ya : light

ya : abandoning

eka : éka mfn. (√ i, [Uṇ. iii, 43], probably fr. a base e; cf. Zd. ae-va; Gk. οἰ-ν-ός, οἶος; Goth. ai-n-s; also Lat. aequu-s; g. sarvādi, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 27]; see [Gr. 200]), one (eko'pi, or ekaś-cana, with na preceding or following, no one, nobody; the words ekayā na or ekān na are used before decade numerals to lessen them by one, e.g. ekān na triṃśat, twenty-nine), [RV.] &c.

eka : (with and without eva) alone, solitary, single, happening only once, that one only (frequently ifc.; cf. dharmaika-rakṣa, &c.), [RV.] &c.

eka : the same, one and the same, identical, [ŚBr. v]; [KātyŚr.]; [Mn.] &c.

eka : one of two or many ( — , — dvitīya, the one — the other; esp. pl. eke, some, eke — apare some — others, &c.), [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; [MBh.]; [Hit.] &c.

eka : ( repeated twice, either as a compound [cf. ekaika] or uncompounded, may have the sense ‘one and one’, ‘one by one’, [RV. i, 20, 7]; [123, 8]; [v, 52, 17]; [R.]; [BhP.] &c.)

eka : single of its kind, unique, singular, chief, pre-eminent, excellent, [Ragh.]; [Kathās.]; [Kum.] &c.

eka : sincere, truthful, [MW.]

eka : little, small, [L.]

eka : (sometimes used as an indefinite article), a, an, [R.]; [Śak.]; [Vet.] &c. (the fem. of before a Taddhita suffix and as first member of a compound is not ekā, [Pāṇ. vi, 3, 62])

eka : éka m. N. of a teacher, [Āp.]

eka : of a son of Raya, [BhP.]

eka : éka n. unity, a unit (ifc.), [Hcat.]

vasu : vásu mf(u or vI)n. (for 2. See p. 932, col. 3) excellent, good, beneficent, [RV.]; [GṛŚrS.]

vasu : sweet, [L.]

vasu : dry, [L.]

vasu : N. of the gods (as the ‘good or bright ones’, esp. of the Ādityas, Maruts, Aśvins, Indra, Uṣas, Rudra, Vāyu, Viṣṇu, Śiva, and Kubera), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [R.]

vasu : of a partic. class of gods (whose number is usually eight, and whose chief is Indra, later Agni and Viṣṇu; they form one of the nine Gaṇas or classes enumerated under Gaṇa-devatā q.v.; the eight Vasus were originally personifications, like other Vedic deities, of natural phenomena, and are usually mentioned with the other Gaṇas common in the Veda, viz. the eleven Rudras and the twelve Ādityas, constituting with them and with Dyaus, ‘Heaven’, and Pṛthivī, ‘Earth’ [or, according to some, with Indra and Prajā-pati, or, according to others, with the two Aśvins], the thirty-three gods to which reference is frequently made; the names of the Vasus, according to the Viṣṇu-Purāṇa, are, 1. Āpa [connected with ap, ‘water’]; 2. Dhruva, ‘the Pole-star’; 3. Soma, ‘the Moon’; 4. Dhava or Dhara; 5. Anila, ‘Wind’; 6. Anala or Pāvaka, ‘Fire’; 7. Pratyūṣa, ‘the Dawn’; 8. Prabhāsa, ‘Light’; but their names are variously given; Ahan, ‘Day’, being sometimes substituted for 1; in their relationship to Fire and Light they appear to belong to Vedic rather than Purānic mythology), [RV.] &c. &c.

vasu : a symbolical N. of the number ‘eight’, [VarBṛS.]

vasu : a ray of light, [Naigh. i, 15]

vasu : a partic. ray of light, [VP.]

vasu : = jina, [Śīl.] (only [L.] the sun; the moon; fire; a rope, thong; a tree; N. of two kinds of plant = baka and pīta-madgu; a lake, pond; a kind of fish; the tie of the yoke of a plough; the distance from the elbow to the closed fist)

vasu : N. of a Ṛṣi (with the patr. Bharad-vāja, author of [RV. ix, 80]-[82], reckoned among the seven sages), [Hariv.]

vasu : of a son of Manu, [ib.]

vasu : of a son of Uttāna-pāda, [ib.]

vasu : of a prince of the Cedis also called Upari-cara, [MBh.]

vasu : of a son of Īlina, [ib.]

vasu : of a son of Kuśa and the country called after him, [RV.]

vasu : of a son of Vasu-deva, [BhP.]

vasu : of a son of Kṛṣṇa, [ib.]

vasu : of a son of Vatsara, [ib.]

vasu : of a son of Hiraṇya-retas and the Varṣa ruled by him, [ib.]

vasu : of a son of Bhūtajyotis, [ib.]

vasu : of a son of Naraka, [ib.]

vasu : of a king of Kaśmīra, [Cat.]

vasu : vásu (u), f. light, radiance, [L.]

vasu : a partic. drug, [L.]

vasu : N. of a daughter of Dakṣa and mother of the Vasus (as a class of gods), [Hariv.]; [VP.]

vasu : vásu n. (in Veda gen. vásos, vásvas and vásunas; also pl., exceptionally m.) wealth, goods, riches, property, [RV.] &c. &c. (°soṣ-pati m. prob. ‘the god of wealth or property’, [AV. i, 12] [[Paipp.] asoṣ-p°, ‘the god of life’]; °sor-dhā́rā f. ‘stream of wealth’, N. of a partic. libation of Ghṛta at the Agni-cayana, [AV.]; [TS.]; [Br.] &c.; of the wife of Agni, [BhP.]; of the heavenly Gaṅgā, [MBh.]; of sacred bathing-place, [ib.]; of a kind of vessel, [ib.]; °sor-dhā́rā-prayoga m. N. of wk.)

vasu : vásu n. gold (see -varma-dhara)

vasu : a jewel, gem, pearl (see -mekhala)

vasu : any valuable or precious object, [L.]

vasu : vásu n. (also f.) a partic. drug, [L.]

vasu : vásu n. a kind of salt (= romaka), [L.]

vasu : water, [L.]

vasu : a horse (?), [L.]

vasu : = śyāma, [L.]

vasu : m. or n. (for 1. See p. 930, col. 3) dwelling or dweller (see sáṃ-vasu).

vasu : 1. 2. See pp. 930 and 932.

varuṇa : váruṇa m. (once in the [TĀr.] varuṇá) ‘All-enveloping Sky’, N. of an Āditya (in the Veda commonly associated with Mitra [q.v.] and presiding over the night as Mitra over the day, but often celebrated separately, whereas Mitra is rarely invoked alone; Varuṇa is one of the oldest of the Vedic gods, and is commonly thought to correspond to the Οὐρανός of the Greeks, although of a more spiritual conception; he is often regarded as the supreme deity, being then styled ‘king of the gods’ or ‘king of both gods and men’ or ‘king of the universe’; no other deity has such grand attributes and functions assigned to him; he is described as fashioning and upholding heaven and earth, as possessing extraordinary power and wisdom called māyā, as sending his spies or messengers throughout both worlds, as numbering the very winkings of men's eyes, as hating falsehood, as seizing transgressors with his pāśa or noose, as inflicting diseases, especially dropsy, as pardoning sin, as the guardian of immortality; he is also invoked in the Veda together with Indra, and in later Vedic literature together with Agni, with Yama, and with Viṣṇu; in [RV. iv, 1, 2], he is even called the brother of Agni; though not generally regarded in the Veda as a god of the ocean, yet he is often connected with the waters, especially the waters of the atmosphere or firmament, and in one place [[RV. vii, 64, 2]] is called with Mitra, sindhu-pati, ‘lord of the sea or of rivers’; hence in the later mythology he became a kind of Neptune, and is there best known in his character of god of the ocean; in the [MBh.] Varuṇa is said to be a son of Kardama and father of Puṣkara, and is also variously represented as one of the Deva-gandharvas, as a Nāga, as a king of the Nāgas, and as an Asura; he is the regent of the western quarter [cf. loka-pāla] and of the Nakṣatra Śatabhiṣaj [[VarBṛS.]]; the Jainas consider Varuṇa as a servant of the twentieth Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī), [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. [IW. 10]; [12] &c.)

varuṇa : the ocean, [VarBṛS.]

varuṇa : water, [Kathās.]

varuṇa : the sun, [L.]

varuṇa : awarder off or dispeller, [Sāy.] on [RV. v, 48, 5]

varuṇa : N. of a partic. magical formula recited over weapons, [R.] (v.l. varaṇa)

varuṇa : the tree Crataeva Roxburghii, [L.] (cf. varaṇa)

varuṇa : pl. (prob.) the gods generally, [AV. iii, 4, 6]

varuṇa : váruṇa &c. See p. 921, col. 2.

na : the dental nasal (found at the beginning of words and before or after dental consonants as well as between vowels; subject to conversion into ṇa, [Pāṇ. viii, 4, 1]-[39]).

na : ná ind. not, no, nor, neither, [RV.] (nā, [x, 34, 8]) &c. &c. (as well in simple negation as in wishing, requesting and commanding, except in prohibition before an Impv. or an augmentless aor. [cf. 1. mā]; in successive sentences or clauses either simply repeated, e.g. [Mn. iv, 34]; or strengthened by another particle, esp. at the second place or further on in the sentence, e.g. by u [cf. no], utá, api, cāpi, vā, vāpi or atha vā, [RV. i, 170, 1]; [151, 9]; [Nal. iii, 24], &c.; it may even be replaced by ca, vā, api ca, api vā, &c. alone, as, [Mn. ii, 98]; [Nal. i, 14], &c.; often joined with other particles, beside those mentioned above esp. with a following tu, tv eva, tv eva tu, ced, q.v., khalu, q.v., ha [cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 31]] &c.; before round or collective numbers and after any numeral in the instr. or abl. it expresses deficiency, e.g. ekayā na viṃśati, not 20 by 1 i.e. 19 [ŚBr.]; pañcabhir na catvāri śatāni, 395 [ib.]; with another or an a priv. it generally forms a strong affirmation [cf. [Vām. v, 1, 9]] e.g. neyaṃ na vakṣyati, she will most certainly declare, [Śak. iii, 9]; nādaṇḍyo 'sti, he must certainly be punished, [Mn. viii, 335]; it may also, like a, form compounds, [Vām. v, 2, 13] [cf. below])

na : that not, lest, for fear lest (with Pot.), [MBh.]; [R.]; [Daś.] &c.

na : like, as, as it were (only in Veda and later artificial language, e.g. gauro na tṛṣitaḥ piba, drink like [lit. ‘not’ i.e. ‘although not being’] a thirsty deer; in this sense it does not coalesce metrically with a following vowel).

na : [cf. Gk. νη-; Lat. ně-; Angl.Sax. ne, ‘not’; Engl. no, &c.]

na : mfn. ([L.]) thin, spare

na : vacant, empty

na : identical

na : unvexed, unbroken

na : m. band, fetter

na : jewel, pearl

na : war

na : gift

na : welfare

na : N. of Buddha

na : N. of Gaṇeśa

na : = prastuta

na : = dviraṇḍa (?)

rāj : (prob. originally two roots; cf. √ raj, √ rañj, √ ṛñj) cl. 1. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xix, 74]) rā́jati, °te (Ved. also rāṣṭi, rāṭ; pf. rarāja; rarāje or reje, 2. sg. P. rarājitha or rejitha, [MBh.] &c.; aor. arājiṣuḥ, [RV.]; arājiṣṭa Gr.; fut. rājitā, rājiṣyati, [ib.]; inf. rājáse, [RV.]), to reign, be king or chief, rule over (gen.), direct, govern (acc.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to be illustrious or resplendent, shine, glitter, [ib.]; to appear as or like (iva), [Kum. vi, 49] : Caus. rājayati, °te (aor. ararājat), to reign, rule, [AV.]; [MBh.]; to illuminate, make radiant (cf. rājita) : Desid. rirājiṣati, °te Gr.: Intens. rārājyate, rārāṣṭi, [ib.][For cognate words See under rājan.]

rāj : mfn. (ifc.) shining, radiant &c.

rāj : rā́j (rā́j), m. (nom. rā́ṭ) a king, sovereign, chief (in later language only ifc.), [RV.] &c. &c.

rāj : anything the best or chief of its kind (cf. śaṅkha-r°)

rāj : N. of an Ekāha, [ŚrS.]

rāj : a kind of metre, [RPrāt.]

rāj : f. N. of a goddess (explained by rājamānā), [TBr.]