pra : prá ind. before

pra : forward, in front, on, forth (mostly in connection with a verb, esp. with a verb of motion which is often to be supplied; sometimes repeated before the verb, cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 6]; rarely as a separate word, e.g. [AitBr. ii, 40])

pra : as a prefix to subst. = forth, away, cf. pra-vṛtti, pra-sthāna

pra : as prefix to adj. = excessively, very, much, cf. pra-caṇḍa, pra-matta

pra : in nouns of relationship = great- cf. pra-pitāmaha, pra-pautra

pra : (according to native lexicographers it may be used in the senses of gati, ā-rambha, ut-karṣa, sarvato-bhāva, prāthamya, khyāti, ut-patti, vy-avahāra), [RV.]; &c.

pra : [cf. puras, purā, pūrva; Zd. fra; Gk. πρό; Lat. pro; Slav. pra-, pro-; Lith. pra-; Goth. faúr, faúra; Germ. vor; Eng. fore.]

pra : mfn. (√ pṝ or prā) filling, fulfilling

pra : (n. fulfilment ifc.; cf. ākūti-, kakṣya-, kāma-)

pra : like, resembling (ifc.; cf. ikṣu-, kṣura-).

spaś : (cf. √ paś; only occurring in pf. paspaśe, p. paspaśāná; aor. áspaṣṭa), to see, behold, perceive, espy, [RV.] : Caus. spāśayati ([ĀpŚr.]) and spāśáyate ([RV.]), to make clear, show; to perceive, observe.

spaś : [cf. Gk. σκέπ-τομαι, σκοπ-ή; Lat. spicio; Germ. spëhôn, spähen; Eng. spy.]

spaś : spáś m. one who looks or beholds, a watcher, spy, messenger (esp. applied to the messengers of Varuṇa), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]

spaś : [cf. Lat. spex in auspex; Gk. σκώψ.]

spaś : (cf. √ paś) cl. 1. P. Ā. spaśati, °te (p. paspāśa, paspaśe; fut. spaśitā &c.), to bind, fetter, stop, hinder, [Dhātup. xxi, 22] : Caus. spāśayati (aor. apaspaśat) Gr.: Desid. pispaśiṣati, °te, [ib.] : Intens. pāspaśyate, pāspaṣṭi, [ib.]

spaś : (v.l. sparś; connected with √ 1. spṛś) cl. 10. P. spāśayati, to take or take hold of [Dhātup. xxxiii, 7]; to unite, join, embrace, [ib.]

krand : cl. 1. P. Ā. krándati, krandate (v.l. kradate fr. √ krad, [Dhātup.]; Subj. krándat; impf. krandat and ákrandat; aor. 2. sg. kradas, cakradas, and ákrān, 3. sg. akrān and ákrān; akrandīt, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 65], [Kāś.]; p. krándat), to neigh (as a horse), roar (metaphorically applied to the clouds and to wind and water), [RV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr. vi]; to creak (as a wheel), [ŚBr. xi]; to sound, make a noise, [Ratnāv.]; to cry piteously, weep, lament, grieve, be confused with sorrow, [RV. x, 95, 13]; [MBh.] &c.; to call out piteously to any one (acc.), [Kathās.] (perf. cakranda), [MārkP.] : Caus. krandayati (aor. ácikradat, 3. pl. °dan), to cause to roar, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.]; to cause to weep or lament, [Suśr.]; to roar, rave, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.]; to neigh after (acc.), [RV. ix, 67, 4] and [x, 96, 10] : Intens. P. kánikrantti (Ā. °ntte, [AdbhBr.]; p. kánikradat, once kánikrat, [RV. ix, 63, 20]; p. Ā. kanikradyámana, [ŚBr. vi]), to neigh, roar, rave, cry out, [RV.]; [AV.]; to creak, crackle, [RV.];

krand : [cf. Goth. grēta, ‘to lament’.]

suvita : su—vita See s.v.

suvita : su-v-itá mfn. (fr. 5. su + ita; cf. sv-itá) easy of access or to traverse, prosperous (as a path), [RV.]

suvita : faring well, [ib.]

suvita : su-v-itá n. a good path, prosperous course (opp. to dur-ita), [ib.]

suvita : welfare, prosperity, fortune, good luck, [ib.]; [AV.]; [TBr.]

dā : f. id., [L.]

dā : f. id., [L.]

dā : f. heat, pain, [L.]

dā : cl. 3. dádāti (pl. °dati, [RV.] &c.; Ā. datte, [Pañcat. i, 4, 19/20] [12, 7]; [Subh.]; 1. sg. dadmi, [MBh. xii]; [Hariv.]; [R. i f.]; Impv. dádātu pl. °dahu; 2. sg. daddhí, [RV. i f.]; [iv], [vi], [viii], [x]; dehí [[Pāṇ. vi, 4, 119]] [RV. iii f.], [viii], [x]; [AV. v], [xviii f.] &c. ; 2. pl. dádāta, [RV. vii, 57, 6], °tana, [x, 36, 10], dattá, [51, 8]; [VS.]; [AV.] &c.; 2. du. °ttám, [RV. i, 34, 6]; [AV.] &c.; Pot. dadyā́t, [AV.] &c.; impf. ádadāt; pl. ádadur, [RV. vi], [x]; [AV. v, 18, 1]; 2. du. ádattam, [RV.] &c.; 2. pl. °ttana, [i, 139, 7], ádadāta, [x, 64, 12]; Subj. dádat, [ii], [v], [vii f.], [x], °das, [vii f.] °dan, [AV. vi, 24, 1] p. m. nom. sg. dádat pl. °tas, [RV.] &c.; p. Ā. dádāna, [v, 33, 9]; °ná, [i, 148, 2]; [v, 2, 3]; sg. dadati, [ii, 35, 10]; [MBh. iii, 13422]; pl. °danti, [xii f.]; Impv. °da, [ix]; [MārkP.]; °data, [Siṃhās.]; Pot. °det, [Parāś. vi, 19]; impf. ádadat, [AV. xii, 4, 23]; [MBh.]; [R.]; Ā. sg. dádate, [RV. i, 24, 7]; [AV. x, 8, 36]; pl. °dante, [35]; [VS. viii, 31]; Impv. sg. °datām, [RV. iii, 53, 17]; °dasva, [MBh.]; [Hariv.] &c.; impf. pl. ádadanta, [RV. vii, 33, 11]; [AV. xiv]; p. dádamāna, [RV. i, 41, 9]; [iv, 26, 6]; aor. ádāt [[Pāṇ. ii, 4, 77]], dat, ádur, dúr &c.; Subj. 2. du. dāsathas, [RV. viii, 40, 1] [cf. [Naigh. ii, 30]]; Pot. 1. pl. deṣma, [VS. ii, 32]; pf. dadaú, °dúr, °dáthur, °datur, °dó, [RV.] &c.; Pass. °dé, [iv, 34] & [37]; [AV. x, 2, 16]; dadade, °dāte, °dire, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 126], [Kāś.]; p. gen. dadúṣas, [RV. i], [viii], °ṣām, [vi]; nom. °dvā́n, [x, 132, 3]; °dāvan, [AV. v, 11, 1]; acc. °divā́ṃsam, [ix, 5, 10] [cf. [Vop. xxvi, 133]]; fut. p. dāsyát, [AV. vi, 71, 3]; Ā. °syate, °syante, 1. sg. °sye, [MBh.]; [Hariv.]; [R.]; [MārkP.]; Prec. deyāt, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 67]; inf. dāváne, [RV.]; dā́tos, [vii, 4, 6]; °tave, [vii]-[ix]; [AV. iii, 20, 5]; dā́tavaí [[Pāṇ. vi, 1, 200]; [Siddh.]] [RV. iv, 21, 9]; °tum, [v]; [AV.] &c.: ind.p. dattvā́ya [[Pāṇ. vii, 1, 47], [Kāś.]] [RV. x, 85, 33]; °ttvā́, [AV.] &c.; -dā́ya [[Pāṇ. vi, 4, 69]] [RV.] &c.: Pass. dīyate [[Pāṇ. vi, 4, 62]]; p. °yámāna, [AV. ix]; aor. adāyi, [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 33], [Kāś.]; Prec. dāsīṣṭa, dāyis°, [vi, 4, 62]) cl. 1. dā́ti ([RV. iv]-[vii]; Impv. °tu, [15, 11]; cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 1, 8], Vārtt. 3, [Pat.]; [ii, 4, 76], [Kāś.]) to give, bestow, grant, yield, impart, present, offer to (dat., in later language also gen. or loc.), [RV.] &c.; to give (a daughter, kanyām) in marriage, [Mn. v], [ix]; [Yājñ.]; [MBh.] &c.; to hand over, [Mn. viii, 186] & [234]; (with haste), [Kathās.]; to give back, [222 f.]; [MBh. iii]; [Pañcat.]; [VP.]; [Kathās. lxxiv]; to pay (daṇḍam, ‘a fine’, [Mn. viii f.]; ṛṇam, ‘a debt’, [viii]; [Yājñ. ii, 45]); to give up, cede (āsanam, ‘one's seat’), [Mn. iv, 54]; (panthānam or mārgam, ‘to give up the road, allow to pass’), [viii, 275] & [R. v, 94, 8]; to sell (with instr. of the price), [i]; [Nal. xiv, 21]; [VarBṛS. xlii, 11]; to sacrifice (ātmānam, ‘one's self’, [Kathās. xxii, 227]; āt° khedāya, ‘to give one's self up to grief’, [v, 57]); to offer (an oblation &c.), [Mn.]; [Yājñ.]; [R.] &c.; to communicate, teach, utter (blessings, āśiṣas, [Śak.]; [MārkP.]), give (answer, prati-vacas, °canam, praty-uttaram, [Nal.]; [Śak.] &c.), speak (satyaṃ vacas, the truth, [Yājñ. ii, 200]; vacam, to address a speech to [dat.] [Śak. vi, 5]); to permit, allow (with inf.), [MBh. i]; [Śak. vi, 22]; to permit sexual intercourse, [ŚBr. xiv, 9, 4, 7]; to place, put, apply (in med.), [Mn.]; [Yājñ.]; [MBh.] &c.; to add, [Pañcat. ii, 6, 5]; [Sūryas.]; [VarBṛS.]; [Laghuj.]; with varam, ‘to grant a boon’, [ŚBr. xi]; [KātyŚr.]; [MBh.] &c.; śoham, ‘to cause grief’, [xiii]; [R. ii]; avakāśam, ‘to give room or space, allow to enter’, [Yājñ. ii, 276]; [Mṛcch.]; [Ragh.] &c.; prāṇān or jīvitam, ‘to spare any one's life’, [MBh.]; [Kathās. xviii, 275]; talam or °lān, to slap with the palms of the hands, [MBh. iii], [ix]; [Hariv. 15741]; °la-prahāram, to strike with the palm, [Pañcat. iv, 2, 0/1] tālam, to beat time with the hands, [MBh. i]; [Bhaṭṭ.]; saṃjñām, to make a sign, [Mṛcch.]; saṃketakam, to make an appointment, [Pañcat. ii, 4, 3/4] samayam, to propose an agreement, [Kathās. xviii, 139]; upamām, to compare with [gen.] [Cāṇ.]; paṭaham, to proclaim with the drum, [Kathās. lxxiii, 357]; śabdam, to make a noise, call out, [Vet. iv, 2/3]; śāpam, to utter a curse, [MBh.]; [R.] &c.; gālīḥ. id., [Bhartṛ.]; anuyātram, to accompany, [Kathās. xviii, 197]; āliṅganane, parirambhaṇam, to embrace, [209]; [Gīt. iii, 8]; jhampam, to jump, [Hit.]; śrāddham, to perform a Śrāddha, [MBh. xiv]; [R. ii]; vratakam, to accomplish a vow, [Hariv.]; yuddham, niy°, saṃgrāmam, to give battle, fight with, [MBh.]; [Hariv.]; [R.]; ājñām, ādeśam, to give an order, command, [i]; [BrahmaP.]; [Vet.]; saṃdeśam, to give information, [Kathās. xvii, 161]; prayogam, to give a dramatic representation, [Mālav. i, 11/12] vṛtim, to fence in [Mn. viii, 240]; [Kull.]; darśanam, to show one's self, [Prab. iii, 0/1]; dṛṣṭim, dṛśam, akṣi, cakṣus, to fix the eyes on (loc.), [Śak. i, 6]; [Kathās.]; [Dhūrtas.]; [Śṛṅgārat.]; [Sāh.]; karṇam, to give ear, listen, [Śak.]; [Kathās.]; manas, to direct the mind to (loc.), [MBh. xii, 2526]; kare kapolam, to rest the cheek on the hand, [Kāraṇḍ. xviii, 73]; nigaḍāni to put on or apply fetters, [Mṛcch. vii, 6/7] pāvakam, to set on fire; agnīn to consume by fire, [Mn. v, 168]; śāram, to move a chess-man, [Daś. vii, 137]; argalam, to draw a bolt, bar, [Kathās.]; [Rājat. vi, 96]; jānu, to kneel upon (gen.), [MBh. iii f.]; padam, to tread upon [loc.] [Bhartṛ.]; [Hit. ii, 12, 25]; [SŚaṃkar. i, 38]; to direct the steps, [Amar. 74]; viṣam, to poison, [Pañcar. i, 14, 80] (with acc.!); garam id., [VP. iv, 3, 16] (with gen.); — Ā. to carry, hold, keep, preserve, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; to show, [SV. i, 2, 1, 4, 7] (aor. adadiṣṭa; aded° fr. √ diś, [RV.]) : Caus. dāpayati ([Pāṇ. vii, 3, 36]; aor. adīdapat, [4, 1] and [58], [Kāś.]) to cause to give or be given, cause to bestow or present or give up, oblige to pay, make restore, [VS. ix, 24]; [AV. iii, 20, 8]; [Mn.] &c.; to demand from (abl.), [Mn. viii, 47]; to cause to utter or speak, [Hariv. 15782]; [Yājñ. ii, 6/7] ghoṣaṇām, to cause to be made known, [Kathās. lxiv, 86]; to cause to place or advance, [xii, 160]; to cause to perform, [v, 112] to cause to be put on (loc.), [MBh. i, 5724] : Desid. dítsati ([Pāṇ. vii, 4, 54] and [58]; p. dídāsat, [RV. x, 151, 2]; dítsat, [ii], [vii]-[ix]; [AV. v, 7, 6]; [MBh.]; Pot. °tseyam, [RV. viii]; [MBh.]; pf. 2. sg. didāsitha, [AitBr. viii, 21]; [ŚāṅkhŚr. xvi, 16]; cf. [ŚBr. xiii, 7, 1, 15]) to wish to give, be ready to bestow, [RV.] &c.; to wish to give in marriage, [MBh.] &c.: Intens. dedīyate, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 66], [Kāś.];

dā : [cf. δίδωμι; Lat. do; &c.]

dā : dā́ m. a giver, [RV. v, 41, 1] (dat. dé), [vi, 16, 26] (nom. dā́s)

dā : dā́ mfn. ifc. ‘giving, granting’, see an-aśva-, a-bhikṣa-, aśva-, ātma-, &c. -dā́; án-āśīr-.

dā : For √ do, to cut q.v.

dā : cl. 4. P. dyáti (cf. ā- √ ), to bind, only in dīṣva, [VS. xxxviii, 3] [cf. δέω δίδημι].

dā : For √ de, q.v.

dā : f. (√ de), protection, defence, [L.]

dā : For √ dai, q.v.

dā : f. (√ dai) cleansing, purifying, [L.]

arcā : arcā́ f. ([Pāṇ. ii, 3, 43] and [v, 2, 101]) worship, adoration, [ŚBr. xi]; [Mn.] &c.

arcā : an image or idol (destined to be worshipped), [VarBṛS.] &c.

arcā : body, [Jain.]

ṛc : cl. 6. P. ṛcati, ānarca, arcitā, &c., = arc, p. 89, col. 3; to praise, [Dhātup. xxviii, 19] (cf. arká.)

ṛc : ṛ́c f. praise, verse, esp. a sacred verse recited in praise of a deity (in contradistinction to the Sāman [pl. Sāmāni] or verses which were sung and to the Yajus [pl. Yajūṃṣi] or sacrificial words, formularies, and verses which were muttered)

ṛc : sacred text, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] &c., [Mn.] &c.

ṛc : the collection of the Ṛc verses (sg., but usually pl. ṛ́cas), the Ṛg-veda, [AitBr.]; [ĀśvŚr.] & [ĀśvGṛ.]; [Mn. i, 23], &c. (cf. ṛg-veda above)

ṛc : the text of the Pūrvatāpanīya, [RāmatUp.]

dyu : cl. 2. P. dyauti ([Dhātup. xxiv, 31]; pf. dudyāva, 3. pl. dudyuvur) to go against, attack, assail, [Bhaṭṭ.]

dyu : dyú for 3. div as inflected stem and in comp. before consonants.

pra : prá ind. before

pra : forward, in front, on, forth (mostly in connection with a verb, esp. with a verb of motion which is often to be supplied; sometimes repeated before the verb, cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 6]; rarely as a separate word, e.g. [AitBr. ii, 40])

pra : as a prefix to subst. = forth, away, cf. pra-vṛtti, pra-sthāna

pra : as prefix to adj. = excessively, very, much, cf. pra-caṇḍa, pra-matta

pra : in nouns of relationship = great- cf. pra-pitāmaha, pra-pautra

pra : (according to native lexicographers it may be used in the senses of gati, ā-rambha, ut-karṣa, sarvato-bhāva, prāthamya, khyāti, ut-patti, vy-avahāra), [RV.]; &c.

pra : [cf. puras, purā, pūrva; Zd. fra; Gk. πρό; Lat. pro; Slav. pra-, pro-; Lith. pra-; Goth. faúr, faúra; Germ. vor; Eng. fore.]

pra : mfn. (√ pṝ or prā) filling, fulfilling

pra : (n. fulfilment ifc.; cf. ākūti-, kakṣya-, kāma-)

pra : like, resembling (ifc.; cf. ikṣu-, kṣura-).

pṛthivī : pṛthivī́ f. (= pṛthvī f. of pṛthu) the earth or wide world (‘the broad and extended One’, personified as devī and often invoked together with the sky [cf. 3. div and dyāvā-pṛthivī, [RTL. 182]]; according to [VP.] daughter of pṛthu; the Veda makes 3 earths, one called bhūmi, inhabited by men, and 2 under it; there is also an earth between the world of men and the circumambient ocean [[ŚBr.]] and one extending through the 3 worlds [[Naigh.]]), [RV.] &c. &c.

pṛthivī : land, ground, soil, [ib.]

pṛthivī : earth regarded as one of the elements, [Prab.]; [Suśr.]

pṛthivī : = antarikṣa, [Naigh. i, 3]

ṛtam : ṛtám (ám), ind. right, duly, properly, expressly, very, [RV.]; [BhP.]

ṛtam : (ṛtam √ i, to go the right way, be pious or virtuous, [RV.])

ṛta : ṛtá mf(A)n. met with, afflicted by (with instr.), [TS. v]

ṛta : proper, right, fit, apt, suitable, able, brave, honest, [RV.]; [VS. xvii, 82]

ṛta : true, [MBh.]; [BhP.]; [Mn. viii, 82]; [87]; [Bhag.] &c.

ṛta : worshipped, respected, [L.]

ṛta : enlightened, luminous, [L.]

ṛta : ṛtá (as), m. N. of a Rudra, [MBh.]

ṛta : of a son of Manu Cākṣuṣa, [BhP. iv, 13, 16]

ṛta : of a son of Vijaya, [VP.]

ṛta : ṛtá (am), n. fixed or settled order, law, rule (esp. in religion)

ṛta : sacred or pious action or custom, divine law, faith, divine truth (these meanings are given by, [BRD.] and are generally more to be accepted than those of native authorities and marked, [L.] below), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] &c.

ṛta : truth in general, righteousness, right, [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Mn. viii, 61]; [104]; [Pañcat.] &c.

ṛta : figuratively said of gleaning (as the right means of a Brāhman's obtaining a livelihood as opposed to agriculture, which is anṛta), [Mn. iv, 4 ff.]

ṛta : promise, oath, vow, [TāṇḍyaBr.]; [Lāṭy.]

ṛta : truth personified (as an object of worship, and hence enumerated among the sacred objects in the [Nir.])

ṛta : water, [L.]

ṛta : sacrifice, [L.]

ṛta : a particular sacrifice, [L.]

ṛta : the sun, [L.]

ṛta : wealth, [L.]

ṛta : ṛti, ṛtu See p. 223, col. 2 — p. 224, col. 1.

bhṛ : cl. 1. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxii, 1]) bhárati, °te; cl. 3. P. Ā. ([xxv, 5]) bíbharti (bibhárti only, [RV. iv, 50, 7]), bibhṛte; cl. 2. P. bhárti, [RV. i, 173, 6.] (p. P. bíbhrat, q.v.; Ā. bibhrāṇa with act. meaning, [Ragh.], bibhramāṇa with pass. meaning, [RV.]; pf. jabhā́ra, jabhárat; jabhre, ajabhartana, [ib.]; babhāra, babhṛma, [Br.] &c.; p. babhrāṇá with pass. meaning, [RV.]; bibharāmbabhūva, [Ragh.], °rām-āsa, [Bhaṭṭ.]; aor. abhār, [RV.]; bhartám, bhṛtám, [Br.]; abhṛta Gr.; abhārṣam Subj. bharṣat, [RV.]; abhāriṣam, [AV.]; Prec. bhriyāsam, °yāt, [Br.]; fut. bhariṣyati cond. ábhariṣyat, [RV.]; bhartā́, [ŚBr.]; inf. bhártum, bhártave, bhártavaí, Ved.; bháradhyai, [RV.]; ind.p. -bhṛ́tya, [ib.] &c.), to bear, carry, convey, hold (‘on’ or ‘in’ loc.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to wear i.e. let grow (hair, beard, nails), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to balance, hold in equipoise (as a pair of scales), [Viṣṇ.]; to bear i.e. contain, possess, have, keep (also ‘keep in mind’), [RV.] &c. &c.; to support, maintain, cherish, foster, [ib.]; to hire, pay, [MBh.]; to carry off or along (Ā. bharate, ‘for one's self’ i.e. gain, obtain, or = ferri ‘to be borne along’), [RV.]; [AV.]; to bring, offer, procure, grant, bestow, [RV.] &c. &c.; to endure, experience, suffer, undergo, [ib.]; to lift up, raise (the voice or a sound; Ā. bharate, also ‘to rise, be heard’), [RV.]; to fill (the stomach), [Pañcat.]; (with garbham) to conceive, become pregnant (cf. under √ dhṛ), [RV.]; (with kṣitim) to take care of, rule, govern, [Rājat.]; (with, ājñām) to submit to, obey, [ib.]; (with ūrjām) to exert, employ, [Bhaṭṭ.] : Pass. bhriyáte (ep. also °ti; aor. abhāri), to be borne &c., [RV.] &c. &c.: Caus. bhārayati (aor. abībharat), to cause to bear &c.; to engage for hire, [MBh.] : Desid. búbhūrṣati ([ŚBr.]; [MārkP.]), bibhariṣati ([Pāṇ. viii, 2, 49]), to wish to bear or support or maintain: Intens. báribharti (3. pl. °bhrati, [RV.], where also 2. du. jarbhṛtáḥ), barībharti ([Kāv.]), to bear repeatedly or continually, carry hither and thither.

bhṛ : [cf. Zd. bar; Gk. ϕέρω; Lat. fero; Slav. brati; Goth. baíran; Germ. beran, ge-bären; Eng. bear.]

bhṛ : (1. See p. 764, col. 3), in comp. for bhrū.

ukṣ : cl. 1. P. Ā. ukṣáti, ukṣáte (p. úkṣat, [RV. i, 114, 7], and ukṣamāṇa, [AV. iii, 12, 1]; [RV. iv, 42, 4] &c.; ukṣāṃ-cakāra [[Bhaṭṭ.]; for vavákṣa &c. See √ vakṣ]; aúkṣat and aúkṣīt, ukṣitum) to sprinkle, moisten, wet, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c.; to sprinkle or scatter in small drops; to emit; to throw out, scatter (as sparks), [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; to emit seed (as a bull); to be strong, [RV. i, 114, 7]; [x, 55, 7], &c. : Caus. Ā. ukṣayate, to strengthen, [RV. vi, 17, 4];

ukṣ : [cf. Lith. ūkana: Hib. uisg, uisge, ‘water, a river’; uisgeach, ‘aquatic, watery, fluid, moist, pluvial:’ Gk. ὑγρός, ὑγρότης, ὑγραίνω: Lat. ūveo (for ugveo), ūmor, &c.]

ukṣ : mfn. ifc. dropping, pouring See bṛhad-ukṣ

ukṣ : becoming strong See sākam-ukṣ.

aśva : áśva m. (2. rarely 3 [RV.]) (√ aś, [Uṇ.]) ifc. f. a horse, stallion, [RV.] &c.

aśva : the horse (in the game of chess)

aśva : the number ‘seven’ (that being the number of the horses of the sun)

aśva : the archer (in the Zodiac), [VarBṛ.]

aśva : a particular kind of lover (horse-like in strength), [L.]

aśva : N. of a teacher (with the patron. Sāmudri), [ŚBr. xiii]

aśva : of a son of Citraka, [Hariv. 1921]

aśva : of a Dānava, [MBh. i, 2532]

aśva : [Zd. aspa; Lat. equus; Gk. ἵππος, &c.]

aśva : Nom. P. aśvati, to behave like a horse, [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 11], Sch.

ā : the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far.

ā : ind. a particle of reminiscence, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14]; [Pat.]

ā : also of compassion or pain [more correctly written 1. ās, q.v.], and of assent, [L.] [This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1. ās), [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14.]]

ā : m. N. of Śiva, [L.]

ā : grandfather, [L.]

ā : f. N. of Lakṣmī, [L.]

ā : ā́ (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, and their derivatives) near, near to, towards (see ā-√ kram &c.; in the Veda, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb; in a few cases, [RV. i, 10, 11] and [v, 64, 5], a verb in the imperative is to be supplied; with roots like gam, yā, and i, ‘to go’, and 1. dā, ‘to give’, it reverses the action; e.g. ā-gacchati, ‘he comes’; ā-datte, ‘he takes’). (As a prep. with a preceding acc.) near to, towards, to, [RV.]

ā : (with a preceding noun in the acc., as jóṣam or váram) for, [RV.]

ā : (with a following acc.) up to … exclusively, [AitBr.]

ā : (with a preceding abl.) from, [RV.]; [AV.]

ā : out of, from among (e.g. bahúbhya ā́, ‘from among many’), [RV.]

ā : towards (only in asmád ā́, ‘towards us’), [RV.]

ā : (with a following abl. cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 13] & [3, 10]) up to, to, as far as, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

ā : from, [RV. i, 30, 21]

ā : (with a preceding loc.) in, at, on [RV.]; [AV.] (As an adv. after words expressing a number or degree) fully, really, indeed (e.g. trír ā́ divás, ‘quite or fully three times a day’; mahimā́ vām índrāgnī pániṣṭha ā́,, ‘your greatness, O Indra and Agni, is most praiseworthy indeed’, &c.), [RV.]

ā : (after a subst. or adj.) ‘as, like’, (or it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word), [RV.], (after a verb), [RV. v, 7, 7]; [KenaUp.]

ā : (as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, and (it is placed either between the two words connected [rarely after the second, [RV. x, 16, 11], or after both, [RV. x, 92, 8]] or, if there are more, after the last [[RV. iv, 57, 1] and [x, 75, 5]]; see also ātaś ca s.v.) In classical Sanskṛt it may denote the limit ‘to’, ‘until’, ‘as far as’, ‘from’, either not including the object named or including it (sometimes with acc. or abl. or forming an adv.) e.g. ā-maraṇam or ā-maraṇāt, ‘till death’, [Pañcat.] (cf. ā-maraṇānta &c.)

ā : ā-gopālā dvijātayaḥ, ‘the twice-born including the cowherds’, [MBh. ii, 531]

ā : ā-samudram or ā-samudrāt, ‘as far as the ocean’ or ‘from the ocean’ (but not including it)

ā : ā-kumāram, ‘from a child’ or ‘from childhood’ or ‘to a child’ (cf. Lat. a puero), [MBh. iii, 1403]

ā : ā-kumāram yaśaḥ pāṇineḥ, ‘the fame of Pāṇini extends even to children’

ā : ā́ ājānu-bāhu mfn. ‘one whose arms reach down to the knees’, [R. i, 1, 12]

ā : ā́ (see also ākarṇa- and ājanma-)

ā : ā́ (cf. ā-jarasám, ā-vyuṣám, ā-saptama, otsūryám.) Prefixed to adj. [rarely to subst.; cf. ā-kopa] it implies diminution, [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 18] Comm. ‘a little’ e.g. ā-piñjara mfn. a little red, reddish, [Ragh. xvi, 51]

ā : ā́ (see also ā-pakva, oṣṇa, &c.) Some commentaries (e.g. Comm. on [Ragh. iii, 8]) occasionally give to in this application the meaning samantāt, ‘all through, completely’, as ā-nīla, ‘blue all round’.

rajaḥ : in comp. for rajas.

rajas : rájas n. ‘coloured or dim space’, the sphere of vapour or mist, region of clouds, atmosphere, air, firmament (in Veda one of the divisions of the world and distinguished from div or svar, ‘the sphere of light’, and rocanā divaḥ, ‘the ethereal spaces’, which are beyond the , as ether is beyond the air; often = ‘the whole expanse of heaven or sky’, divided into a lower and upper stratum, the rajas uparam or pārthivam and the rajas uttamam or paramam or divyam; hence du. rajasī, ‘the lower and higher atmospheres’; sometimes also three and [RV. i, 164, 6] even six such spheres are enumerated, hence pl. rajāṃsi, ‘the skies’), [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; [VS.]; [Br.]

rajas : vapour, mist, clouds, gloom, dimness, darkness, [RV.]; [AV.]

rajas : impurity, dirt, dust, any small particle of matter, [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. go-r°)

rajas : the dust or pollen of flowers, [Kālid.]; [BhP.]

rajas : cultivated or ploughed land (as ‘dusty’ or ‘dirty’), arable land, fields, [RV.]

rajas : the impurity i.e. the menstrual discharge of a woman, [GṛS.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Suśr.] &c.

rajas : the ‘darkening’ quality, passion, emotion, affection, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.

rajas : (in phil.) the second of the three Guṇas or qualities (the other two being sattva, goodness, and tamas, darkness; cf. [IW. 85]; is sometimes identified with tejas, q.v.; it is said to predominate in air, and to be active, urgent, and variable), [Sāṃkhyak.]; [VarBṛS.]; [Suśr.] &c.

rajas : ‘light’ or ‘day’ or ‘world’ or ‘water’, [Nir. iv, 19]

rajas : a kind of plant (= parpaṭa), [Bhpr.]

rajas : tin, [L.]

rajas : autumn, [L.]

rajas : sperm, [L.]

rajas : safflower, [L.]

rajas : rájas m. N. of a Ṛṣi (son of Vasiṣṭha), [VP.]

rajas : [cf. Gk. ἔ-ρεβος; Goth. riqis.]

anu : mfn. = aṇu, q.v., [L.]

anu : ánu m. a non-Āryan man, [RV.]

anu : N. of a king (one of Yayāti's sons)

anu : of a non-Āryan tribe, [MBh.] &c.

anu : ánu ind. (as a prefix to verbs and nouns, expresses) after, along, alongside, lengthwise, near to, under, subordinate to, with. (When prefixed to nouns, especially in adverbial compounds), according to, severally, each by each, orderly, methodically, one after another, repeatedly. (As a separable preposition, with accusative) after, along, over, near to, through, to, towards, at, according to, in order, agreeably to, in regard to, inferior to, [Pāṇ. i, 4, 86.] (As a separable adverb) after, afterwards, thereupon, again, further, then, next.

sva : svá mf(A/)n. own, one's own, my own, thy own, his own, her own, our own, their own &c. (referring to all three persons accord. to context, often ibc., but generally declinable like the pronominal sarva, e.g. svasmai dat. svasmāt abl. [optionally in abl. loc. sing. nom. pl., e.g. taṃ svād āsyād asṛjat, ‘he created him from his own mouth’, [Mn. i, 94]]; and always like śiva when used substantively [see below]; sometimes used loosely for ‘my’, ‘thy’, ‘his’, ‘our’ [e.g. rājā bhrātaraṃ sva-gṛham preṣayām-āsa, ‘the king sent his brother to his (i.e. the brother's) house’]; in the oblique cases it is used as a reflexive pronoun = ātman, e.g. svaṃ dūṣayati, ‘he defiles himself’; svaṃ nindanti, ‘they blame themselves’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sva : svá m. one's self, the Ego, the human soul, [W.]

sva : N. of Viṣṇu, [MBh.]

sva : a man of one's own people or tribe, a kinsman, relative, relation, friend (svāḥ, ‘one's own relations’, ‘one's own people’), [AV.] &c. &c.

sva : svá n. (ifc. f(A). ) one's self, the Ego (e.g. svaṃ ca brahma ca, ‘the Ego and Brahman’)

sva : one's own goods, property, wealth, riches (in this sense said to be also m.), [RV.] &c. &c.

sva : the second astrological mansion, [VarBṛS.]

sva : (in alg.) plus or the affirmative quantity, [W.] (N.B. in the following comp. o° own stands for one's own.)

sva : [cf. Gk. ἕ, ὅς, σϕός; Lat. se, sovos, suus; Goth. sik; Germ. sich &c.]

sva : Nom. P. svati (pf. svām-āsa) = sva ivācarati, he acts like himself or his kindred, [Vop. xxi, 7.]

bhānu : bhānú m. appearance, brightness, light or a ray of light, lustre, splendour, [RV.] &c. &c.

bhānu : the sun, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.

bhānu : a king, prince, master, lord, [L.]

bhānu : N. of the chapters of the dictionary of an anonymous author, [Cat.]

bhānu : N. of Śiva, [L.]

bhānu : of an Āditya, [RāmatUp.]

bhānu : of a Deva-gandharva, [MBh.]

bhānu : of a son of Kṛṣṇa, [ib.]

bhānu : of a Yādava, [Hariv.]

bhānu : of the father of the 15th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī, [L.]

bhānu : of a prince (son of Prati-vyoma), [BhP.]

bhānu : of a son of Viśva-dhara and father of Hari-nātha, [Cat.]

bhānu : of a pupil of Śaṃkarācārya, [Cat.]

bhānu : of various authors (also with dīkṣita, paṇḍita, bhaṭṭa &c.), [ib.]

bhānu : pl. the Ādityas (children of Bhānu), [Hariv.]; [Pur.]

bhānu : the gods of the 3rd Manv-antara, [Hariv.]

bhānu : bhānú f. a handsome wife (= bhānu-matī), [L.]

bhānu : N. of a daughter of Dakṣa (wife of Dharma or Manu and mother of Bhānu and Āditya), [Hariv.]; [VP.]

bhānu : of the mother of Devarṣabha, [BhP.]

bhānu : of a daughter of Kṛṣṇa, [Hariv.]

bhānu : of the mother of the Dānava Śakuni &c., [BhP.]

śrath : or śranth (cf. √ ślath) cl. 9. P. ([Dhātup. xxxi, 39]) śrathnāti (Ved. also śrathnīte and śṛnthati, and accord. to [Dhātup.] also śrathati, śrāthayati, śranthati, °te; pf. śaśrātha or śaśrantha Gr.; 3. sg. -śaśrathe, [RV.]; 3. pl. śrethuḥ or śaśranthuḥ Gr.; aor. aśranthīt, °thiṣṭa, [ib.]; fut. śranthiṣyati, [ib.]; inf. śrathitum or śranthitum, [ib.]; ind.p. śrathitvā or śranthitvā, [ib.]; -śrathya, [Nir.]), to be loosened or untied or unbent, become loose or slack, yield, give way, [RV.] (cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 89], Sch.); to make slack, disable, disarm, [RV. i, 171, 3]; (Ā.) to loosen one's own (bonds &c.), [AV.]; v.l. for grath, granth: Caus. śratháyati, °te (in Saṃhitāpāṭha also śrathāyati and accord. to Gr. also śrāthayati and śranthayati [cf. below]; aor. aśiśrathat [3. sg. Subj. śiśrathat and 3. pl. Impv. śiśrathantu, [RV.]] or aśaśranthat), to loosen, untie, unbend, slacken, relax (Ā. ‘to become loose, yield’), [RV.]; [AitBr.]; to remit, pardon (sin), [RV.]; (śrāthayati), to strive eagerly, endeavour, use exertion, [Dhātup. xxxii, 13]; to delight, gladden, [ib.]; (śranthayati), to bind, tie, connect, arrange, [Dhātup. xxxiv, 31]; to hurt, kill, [ib.]

arṇava : arṇavá mfn. agitated, foaming, restless, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.]

arṇava : arṇavá (ás), m. a wave, flood, [RV.]

arṇava : the foaming sea, [RV.]; [VS.]

arṇava : the ocean of air (sometimes personified as a demon with the epithet mahā́n or tanayitnús), [RV.]; [AV.]

arṇava : arṇavá (as, rarely am [[MBh. xiii, 7362]]), m. n. the sea

arṇava : (hence) the number, ‘four’, [Sūryas.]

arṇava : N. of two metres (cf. árṇa, m.), N. of wk. on jurisprudence.