2.27.10
त्वं विश्वे॑षां वरुणासि॒ राजा॒ ये च॑ दे॒वा अ॑सुर॒ ये च॒ मर्ताः॑
श॒तं नो॑ रास्व श॒रदो॑ वि॒चक्षे॒ऽश्यामायूं॑षि॒ सुधि॑तानि॒ पूर्वा॑
2.27.10
tváṃ víśveṣāṃ varuṇāsi rā́jā
yé ca devā́ asura yé ca mártāḥ
śatáṃ no rāsva śarádo vicákṣe
-aśyā́mā́yūṃṣi súdhitāni pū́rvā
2.27.10
tvamfrom víśva-
from váruṇa-
from √as- 1
from rā́jan-
from yá-
from ca
from devá-
from ásura-
from yá-
from ca
from śatá-
from √rā- 1
from śarád-
from √cakṣ-
from √aś-
from ā́yus-
from súdhita-
from pū́rva-
2.27.10
Thou over all, O Varuṇa, art Sovran, be they Gods, Asura! or be they mortals. Grant unto us to see a hundred autumns ours be the blest long lives of our forefathers.
| Source index | Surface | Lemma | Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2.27.10 | tvám | tvám | pronounSGNOM |
| 2.27.10 | víśveṣām | víśva- viśva : víśva mf(A)n. (prob. fr. √ 1. viś, to pervade, cf. [Uṇ. i, 151]; declined as a pron. like sarva, by which it is superseded in the Brāhmaṇas and later language) all, every, every one viśva : whole, entire, universal, [RV.] &c. &c. viśva : all-pervading or all-containing, omnipresent (applied to Viṣṇu-Kṛṣṇa, the soul, intellect &c.), [Up.]; [MBh.] &c. viśva : víśva m. (in phil.) the intellectual faculty or (accord. to some) the faculty which perceives individuality or the individual underlying the gross body (sthūla-śarīra-vyaṣṭy-upahita), [Vedāntas.] viśva : N. of a class of gods, cf. below viśva : N. of the number ‘thirteen’, [Gol.] viśva : of a class of deceased ancestors, [MārkP.] viśva : of a king, [MBh.] viśva : of a well-known dictionary = viśva-prakāśa viśva : pl. (víśve, with or scil. devā́s cf. viśve-deva, p. 995) ‘all the gods collectively’ or the ‘All-gods’ (a partic. class of gods, forming one of the 9 Gaṇas enumerated under gaṇadevatā, q.v.; accord. to the Viṣṇu and other Purāṇas they were sons of Viśvā, daughter of Dakṣa, and their names are as follow, 1. Vasu, 2. Satya, 3. Kratu, 4. Dakṣa, 5. Kāla, 6. Kāma, 7. Dhṛti, 8. Kuru, 9. Purū-ravas, 10. Mādravas [?]; two others are added by some, viz. 11. Rocaka or Locana, 12. Dhvani [or Dhūri; or this may make 13] : they are particularly worshipped at Śrāddhas and at the Vaiśvadeva ceremony [[RTL. 416]]; moreover accord. to Manu [[iii, 90], [121]], offerings should be made to them daily — these privileges having been bestowed on them by Brahmā and the Pitṛs, as a reward for severe austerities they had performed on the Himālaya: sometimes it is difficult to decide whether the expression viśve devāḥ refers to all the gods or to the particular troop of deities described above), [RV.] &c. &c.; viśva : víśva n. the whole world, universe, [AV.] &c. &c. viśva : dry ginger, [Suśr.] viśva : myrrh, [L.] viśva : a mystical N. of the sound o, [Up.] 🔎 víśva- | nominal stemPLMGEN |
| 2.27.10 | varuṇa varuṇa : váruṇa m. (once in the [TĀr.] varuṇá) ‘All-enveloping Sky’, N. of an Āditya (in the Veda commonly associated with Mitra [q.v.] and presiding over the night as Mitra over the day, but often celebrated separately, whereas Mitra is rarely invoked alone; Varuṇa is one of the oldest of the Vedic gods, and is commonly thought to correspond to the Οὐρανός of the Greeks, although of a more spiritual conception; he is often regarded as the supreme deity, being then styled ‘king of the gods’ or ‘king of both gods and men’ or ‘king of the universe’; no other deity has such grand attributes and functions assigned to him; he is described as fashioning and upholding heaven and earth, as possessing extraordinary power and wisdom called māyā, as sending his spies or messengers throughout both worlds, as numbering the very winkings of men's eyes, as hating falsehood, as seizing transgressors with his pāśa or noose, as inflicting diseases, especially dropsy, as pardoning sin, as the guardian of immortality; he is also invoked in the Veda together with Indra, and in later Vedic literature together with Agni, with Yama, and with Viṣṇu; in [RV. iv, 1, 2], he is even called the brother of Agni; though not generally regarded in the Veda as a god of the ocean, yet he is often connected with the waters, especially the waters of the atmosphere or firmament, and in one place [[RV. vii, 64, 2]] is called with Mitra, sindhu-pati, ‘lord of the sea or of rivers’; hence in the later mythology he became a kind of Neptune, and is there best known in his character of god of the ocean; in the [MBh.] Varuṇa is said to be a son of Kardama and father of Puṣkara, and is also variously represented as one of the Deva-gandharvas, as a Nāga, as a king of the Nāgas, and as an Asura; he is the regent of the western quarter [cf. loka-pāla] and of the Nakṣatra Śatabhiṣaj [[VarBṛS.]]; the Jainas consider Varuṇa as a servant of the twentieth Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī), [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. [IW. 10]; [12] &c.) varuṇa : the ocean, [VarBṛS.] varuṇa : water, [Kathās.] varuṇa : the sun, [L.] varuṇa : awarder off or dispeller, [Sāy.] on [RV. v, 48, 5] varuṇa : N. of a partic. magical formula recited over weapons, [R.] (v.l. varaṇa) varuṇa : the tree Crataeva Roxburghii, [L.] (cf. varaṇa) varuṇa : pl. (prob.) the gods generally, [AV. iii, 4, 6] varuṇa : váruṇa &c. See p. 921, col. 2. 🔎 varuṇa | váruṇa- varuṇa : váruṇa m. (once in the [TĀr.] varuṇá) ‘All-enveloping Sky’, N. of an Āditya (in the Veda commonly associated with Mitra [q.v.] and presiding over the night as Mitra over the day, but often celebrated separately, whereas Mitra is rarely invoked alone; Varuṇa is one of the oldest of the Vedic gods, and is commonly thought to correspond to the Οὐρανός of the Greeks, although of a more spiritual conception; he is often regarded as the supreme deity, being then styled ‘king of the gods’ or ‘king of both gods and men’ or ‘king of the universe’; no other deity has such grand attributes and functions assigned to him; he is described as fashioning and upholding heaven and earth, as possessing extraordinary power and wisdom called māyā, as sending his spies or messengers throughout both worlds, as numbering the very winkings of men's eyes, as hating falsehood, as seizing transgressors with his pāśa or noose, as inflicting diseases, especially dropsy, as pardoning sin, as the guardian of immortality; he is also invoked in the Veda together with Indra, and in later Vedic literature together with Agni, with Yama, and with Viṣṇu; in [RV. iv, 1, 2], he is even called the brother of Agni; though not generally regarded in the Veda as a god of the ocean, yet he is often connected with the waters, especially the waters of the atmosphere or firmament, and in one place [[RV. vii, 64, 2]] is called with Mitra, sindhu-pati, ‘lord of the sea or of rivers’; hence in the later mythology he became a kind of Neptune, and is there best known in his character of god of the ocean; in the [MBh.] Varuṇa is said to be a son of Kardama and father of Puṣkara, and is also variously represented as one of the Deva-gandharvas, as a Nāga, as a king of the Nāgas, and as an Asura; he is the regent of the western quarter [cf. loka-pāla] and of the Nakṣatra Śatabhiṣaj [[VarBṛS.]]; the Jainas consider Varuṇa as a servant of the twentieth Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī), [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. [IW. 10]; [12] &c.) varuṇa : the ocean, [VarBṛS.] varuṇa : water, [Kathās.] varuṇa : the sun, [L.] varuṇa : awarder off or dispeller, [Sāy.] on [RV. v, 48, 5] varuṇa : N. of a partic. magical formula recited over weapons, [R.] (v.l. varaṇa) varuṇa : the tree Crataeva Roxburghii, [L.] (cf. varaṇa) varuṇa : pl. (prob.) the gods generally, [AV. iii, 4, 6] varuṇa : váruṇa &c. See p. 921, col. 2. 🔎 váruṇa- | nominal stemSGMVOC |
| 2.27.10 | asi asi : así m. (√ 2. as), a sword, scimitar, knife (used for killing animals), [RV.]; [AV.] &c. asi : (also) a shark, alligator, [L.] asi : (is), f. N. of a river (near Benares), [VāmP.] (cf. asī); asi : [Lat. ensi-s.] 🔎 asi | √as- 1 as : cl. 2. P. ásti (2. sg. ási, 1. sg. ásmi; pl. smási or smás, sthá, sánti; (rarely Ā., e.g. 1. pl. smahe, [MBh. xiii, 13]); Subj. ásat; Imper. astu, 2. sg. edhi (fr. as-dhi cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 119]); Pot. syā́t; impf. ā́sīt, rarely ās [only in [RV. x]; cf. [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 97]] ; perf. 1. and 3. sg., ā́sa, 2. sg. ā́sitha, 3. pl. āsúḥ; p. m. sát f. satī́) to be, live, exist, be present; to take place, happen; to abide, dwell, stay; to belong to (gen. or dat.); to fall to the share of, happen to any one (gen.); to be equal to (dat.), [ŚBr. xiv]; [Mn. xi, 85]; to turn out, tend towards any result, prove (with dat.); to become, [BṛĀrUp.] &c., (cf. [Pāṇ. v, 4, 51]-[55]); to be (i.e. used as copula, but not only with adj., but also with adv. [e.g. tūṣṇīm āsīt, [MBh. iii, 4041]], and often with part., [e.g. perf. Pass. p. prasthitāḥ sma, [N.]; fut. p.p. hantavyo 'smi, [N.]; fut. p. especially with Pot., and only in [ŚBr.], as yádi dāsyán-t-syā́t, ‘if he should intend to give’]; the pf. āsa helps to form the periphrastic perf., and asmi &c. the fut.); as : [cf. Gk. ἐσ-τί; Lat. es-t; Goth. is-t; Lith. es-ti.] as : cl. 4. P. ásyati (p. ásyat; impf. ā́syat, [AV.] [cf. parās and vy-as]; fut. p. asiṣyát; aor. āsthat [[Nir. ii, 2]; [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 17]; cf. vy-as]; perf. P. āsa [cf. parās] Ā. āse [cf. vy-as]; Ved. Inf. ástave, [VS.]) to throw, cast, shoot at (loc. dat., or gen.), [RV.] &c.; to drive or frighten away, [Nalod. iv, 36]; See also 1. astá s.v. as : asati, °te = √ aṣ, q.v. 🔎 √as- 1 | rootSGPRSACT2IND |
| 2.27.10 | rā́jā | rā́jan- rājan : m. (ifc. mostly m(-rAja) , esp. in Tat-puruṣas; f(-rAjan, °jA or °jYI). ; cf. [Pāṇ. iv, 1, 28], Sch.) a king, sovereign, prince, chief (often applied to gods, e.g. to Varuṇa and the other Ādityas, to Indra, Yama &c., but esp. to Soma [also the plant and juice] and the Moon), [RV.] &c. &c. rājan : a man of the royal tribe or the military caste, a Kṣatriya, [ĀśvŚr.]; [ChUp.]; [Mn.] &c. (cf. rājanya) rājan : a Yakṣa, [L.] rājan : N. of one of the 18 attendants on Sūrya (identified with a form of Guha), [L.] rājan : of Yudhiṣṭhira, [MBh.] (rājñām indra-mahotsavaḥ and rājñām pratibodhaḥ, N. of wks.); ; (rā́jñī) f. See s.v. rājan : [cf. Lat. rex; Kelt. rîg, fr. which Old Germ. rîk; Goth. reiks; Angl.-Sax. rîce; Eng. rich.] rājan : rāján (only in loc. rājáni) government, guidance, [RV. x, 49, 4.] 🔎 rā́jan- | nominal stemSGMNOM |
| 2.27.10 | yé | yá- ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j). ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.] ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ]. ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover ya : wind ya : joining ya : restraining ya : fame ya : a carriage (?) ya : barley ya : light ya : abandoning 🔎 yá- | pronounPLMNOM |
| 2.27.10 | ca ca : the 20th letter of the alphabet, 1st of the 2nd (or palatal) class of consonants, having the sound of ch in church. ca : ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as (= τε, Lat. que, placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes; when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form (e.g. táva ca máma ca [not te ca me ca], ‘both of thee and me’), when used after verbs the first of them is accented, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 58 f.]; it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences; in [RV.] the double occurs more frequently than the single (e.g. aháṃ ca tváṃ ca, ‘I and thou’, [viii, 62, 11]); the double may also be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskṛt (e.g. kva hariṇakānāṃ jīvitaṃ cātilolaṃ kva ca vajra-sārāḥ śarās te, ‘where is the frail existence, of fawns and where are thy adamantine arrows?’, [Śak. i, 10]); in later literature, however, the first is more usually omitted (e.g. ahaṃ tvaṃ ca), and when more than two things are enumerated only one is often found (e.g. tejasā yaśasā lakṣmyā sthityā ca parayā, ‘in glory, in fame, in beauty, and in high position’, [Nal. xii, 6]); elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, is placed after some and omitted after others (e.g. ṛṇa-dātā ca vaidyaś ca śrotriyo nadī, ‘the payer of a debt and a physician [and] a Brāhman [and] a river’, [Hit. i, 4, 55]); in Ved. and even in class. Sanskṛt [[Mn. iii, 20]; [ix, 322]; [Hit.]], when the double would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted (e.g. indraś ca soma, ‘both Indra [and thou] Soma’, [RV. vii, 104, 25]; durbhedyaś cāśusaṃdheyaḥ, ‘both difficult to be divided [and] quickly united’, [Hit. i]); with lexicographers may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed (e.g. kamaṇḍalau ca karakaḥ, ‘the word karaka has the meaning ‘pitcher’ and other meanings’); sometimes is = eva, even, indeed, certainly, just (e.g. su-cintitaṃ cauṣadhaṃ na nāma-mātreṇa karoty arogam, ‘even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name’, [Hit.]; yāvanta eva te tāvāṃśca saḥ, ‘as great as they [were] just so great was he’, [Ragh. xii, 45]); occasionally is disjunctive, ‘but’, ‘on the contrary’, ‘on the other hand’, ‘yet’, ‘nevertheless’ (varam ādyau na cāntimaḥ, ‘better the two first but not the last’, [Hit.] ; śāntam idam āśrama-padaṃ sphurati ca bāhuḥ, ‘this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs’, [Śak. i, 15]); ca-ca, though — yet, [Vikr. ii, 9]; ca-na ca, though — yet not, [Pat.]; — na tu (v.l. nanu) id., [Mālav. iv, 8]; na ca — , though not — yet, [Pat.]; may be used for vā, ‘either’, ‘or’ (e.g. iha cāmutra vā, ‘either here or hereafter’, [Mn. xii, 89]; strī vā pumān vā yac cānyat sattvam, ‘either a woman or a man or any other being’, [R.]), and when a neg. particle is joined with the two may then be translated by ‘neither’, ‘nor’; occasionally one or one na is omitted (e.g. na ca paribhoktuṃ naiva śaknomi hātum, ‘I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon’, [Śak. v, 18]; na pūrvāhṇe na ca parāhṇe, ‘neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon’); ca-ca may express immediate connection between two acts or their simultaneous occurrence (e.g. mama ca muktaṃ tamasā mano manasijena dhanuṣi śaraś ca niveśitaḥ, ‘no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god’, [vi, 8]); is sometimes = ced, ‘if’ (cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 30]; the verb is accented), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Vikr. ii, 20]; [Bhartṛ. ii, 45]; may be used as an expletive (e.g. anyaiś ca kratubhiś ca, ‘and with other sacrifices’); is often joined to an adv. like eva, api, tathā, tathaiva, &c., either with or without a neg. particle (e.g. vairiṇaṃ nopaseveta sahāyaṃ caiva vairiṇaḥ, ‘one ought not to serve either an enemy or the ally of an enemy’, [Mn. iv, 133]); (see eva, api, &c.) For the meaning of after an interrogative See ká, kathā́, kím, kvá); ca : [cf. τε, Lat. que, pe (in nempe &c.); Goth. uh; Zd. ca; Old Pers. cā.] ca : mfn. pure, [L.] ca : moving to and fro, [L.] ca : mischievous, [L.] ca : seedless, [L.] ca : m. a thief, [L.] ca : the moon, [L.] ca : a tortoise, [L.] ca : Śiva, [L.] 🔎 ca | ca ca : the 20th letter of the alphabet, 1st of the 2nd (or palatal) class of consonants, having the sound of ch in church. ca : ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as (= τε, Lat. que, placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes; when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form (e.g. táva ca máma ca [not te ca me ca], ‘both of thee and me’), when used after verbs the first of them is accented, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 58 f.]; it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences; in [RV.] the double occurs more frequently than the single (e.g. aháṃ ca tváṃ ca, ‘I and thou’, [viii, 62, 11]); the double may also be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskṛt (e.g. kva hariṇakānāṃ jīvitaṃ cātilolaṃ kva ca vajra-sārāḥ śarās te, ‘where is the frail existence, of fawns and where are thy adamantine arrows?’, [Śak. i, 10]); in later literature, however, the first is more usually omitted (e.g. ahaṃ tvaṃ ca), and when more than two things are enumerated only one is often found (e.g. tejasā yaśasā lakṣmyā sthityā ca parayā, ‘in glory, in fame, in beauty, and in high position’, [Nal. xii, 6]); elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, is placed after some and omitted after others (e.g. ṛṇa-dātā ca vaidyaś ca śrotriyo nadī, ‘the payer of a debt and a physician [and] a Brāhman [and] a river’, [Hit. i, 4, 55]); in Ved. and even in class. Sanskṛt [[Mn. iii, 20]; [ix, 322]; [Hit.]], when the double would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted (e.g. indraś ca soma, ‘both Indra [and thou] Soma’, [RV. vii, 104, 25]; durbhedyaś cāśusaṃdheyaḥ, ‘both difficult to be divided [and] quickly united’, [Hit. i]); with lexicographers may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed (e.g. kamaṇḍalau ca karakaḥ, ‘the word karaka has the meaning ‘pitcher’ and other meanings’); sometimes is = eva, even, indeed, certainly, just (e.g. su-cintitaṃ cauṣadhaṃ na nāma-mātreṇa karoty arogam, ‘even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name’, [Hit.]; yāvanta eva te tāvāṃśca saḥ, ‘as great as they [were] just so great was he’, [Ragh. xii, 45]); occasionally is disjunctive, ‘but’, ‘on the contrary’, ‘on the other hand’, ‘yet’, ‘nevertheless’ (varam ādyau na cāntimaḥ, ‘better the two first but not the last’, [Hit.] ; śāntam idam āśrama-padaṃ sphurati ca bāhuḥ, ‘this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs’, [Śak. i, 15]); ca-ca, though — yet, [Vikr. ii, 9]; ca-na ca, though — yet not, [Pat.]; — na tu (v.l. nanu) id., [Mālav. iv, 8]; na ca — , though not — yet, [Pat.]; may be used for vā, ‘either’, ‘or’ (e.g. iha cāmutra vā, ‘either here or hereafter’, [Mn. xii, 89]; strī vā pumān vā yac cānyat sattvam, ‘either a woman or a man or any other being’, [R.]), and when a neg. particle is joined with the two may then be translated by ‘neither’, ‘nor’; occasionally one or one na is omitted (e.g. na ca paribhoktuṃ naiva śaknomi hātum, ‘I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon’, [Śak. v, 18]; na pūrvāhṇe na ca parāhṇe, ‘neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon’); ca-ca may express immediate connection between two acts or their simultaneous occurrence (e.g. mama ca muktaṃ tamasā mano manasijena dhanuṣi śaraś ca niveśitaḥ, ‘no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god’, [vi, 8]); is sometimes = ced, ‘if’ (cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 30]; the verb is accented), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Vikr. ii, 20]; [Bhartṛ. ii, 45]; may be used as an expletive (e.g. anyaiś ca kratubhiś ca, ‘and with other sacrifices’); is often joined to an adv. like eva, api, tathā, tathaiva, &c., either with or without a neg. particle (e.g. vairiṇaṃ nopaseveta sahāyaṃ caiva vairiṇaḥ, ‘one ought not to serve either an enemy or the ally of an enemy’, [Mn. iv, 133]); (see eva, api, &c.) For the meaning of after an interrogative See ká, kathā́, kím, kvá); ca : [cf. τε, Lat. que, pe (in nempe &c.); Goth. uh; Zd. ca; Old Pers. cā.] ca : mfn. pure, [L.] ca : moving to and fro, [L.] ca : mischievous, [L.] ca : seedless, [L.] ca : m. a thief, [L.] ca : the moon, [L.] ca : a tortoise, [L.] ca : Śiva, [L.] 🔎 ca | invariable |
| 2.27.10 | devā́ḥ | devá- deva : devá mf(I)n. (fr. 3. div) heavenly, divine (also said of terrestrial things of high excellence), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] (superl. m. devá-tama, [RV. iv, 22, 3] &c.; f. devi-tamā, [ii, 41, 16]) deva : devá m. (according to [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 120] déva) a deity, god, [RV.] &c. &c. deva : (rarely applied to) evil demons, [AV. iii, 15, 5]; [TS. iii, 5, 4, 1] deva : (pl. the gods as the heavenly or shining ones; víśve devā́s, all the gods, [RV. ii, 3, 4] &c., or a partic. class of deities [see under víśva], often reckoned as 33, either 11 for each of the 3 worlds, [RV. i, 139, 11] &c. [cf. tri-daśa], or 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras, and 12 Ādityas [to which the 2 Aśvins must be added] [Br.]; cf. also, [Divyāv. 68]; with Jainas 4 classes, viz. bhavanādhīśa, vyantara, jyotiṣka, and vaimānika; devā́nām pátnyas, the wives of the gods, [RV.]; [VS.]; [Br.] [cf. deva-patnī below]) deva : N. of the number 33 (see above), [Gaṇit.] deva : N. of Indra as the god of the sky and giver of rain, [MBh.]; [R.] &c. deva : a cloud, [L.] deva : (with Jainas) the 22nd Arhat of the future Ut-sarpiṇī deva : the image of a god, an idol, [Viṣṇ.] deva : a god on earth or among men, either Brāhman, priest, [RV.]; [AV.] (cf. bhū-d°), or king, prince (as a title of honour, esp. in the voc. ‘your majesty’ or ‘your honour’; also ifc., e.g. śrī-harṣa-d°, vikramāṅka-d°, king Śrī-h° or Vikr°, and in names as puruṣottama-d° [lit. having Viṣṇu as one's deity; cf. atithi-d°, ācārya-d°, pitṛ-d°, mātṛ-d°]; rarely preceding the name, e.g. deva-caṇḍamahāsena, [Kathās. xiii, 48]), [Kāv.]; [Pañc.] &c. (cf. kṣiti-, nara-, &c.) deva : a husband's brother (cf. devṛ and devara), [W.] deva : a fool, dolt, [L.] deva : a child, [L.] deva : a man following any partic. line or business, [L.] deva : a spearman, lancer, [L.] deva : emulation, wish to excel or overcome, [L.] deva : sport, play, [L.] deva : a sword, [Gal.] deva : N. of men, [VP.] deva : of a disciple of Nāgārjuna, [MWB. 192] deva : dimin. for devadatta, [Pāṇ. v, 3, 83], Vārtt. 4, Sch. deva : devá n. ([L.]) an organ of sense, [MuṇḍUp. iii, 1, 8]; [2, 7] deva : [cf. Lat. dīvus, deus; Lit. dë́vas; Old Pruss. deiwas.] 🔎 devá- | nominal stemPLMNOM |
| 2.27.10 | asura asura : ásura mfn. (√ 2. as, [Uṇ.]), spiritual, incorporeal, divine, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.] asura : ásura m. a spirit, good spirit, supreme spirit (said of Varuṇa), [RV.]; [VS.] asura : the chief of the evil spirits, [RV. ii, 30, 4] and [vii, 99, 5] asura : an evil spirit, demon, ghost, opponent of the gods, [RV. viii, 96, 9] asura : [x]; [AV.] &c. [these Asuras are often regarded as the children of Diti by Kaśyapa See daitya; as such they are demons of the first order in perpetual hostility with the gods, and must not be confounded with the Rākṣasas or imps who animate dead bodies and disturb sacrifices] asura : a N. of Rāhu, [VarBṛS.] &c. asura : the sun, [L.] asura : a cloud, [Naigh.] (cf. [RV. v, 83, 6]) asura : ásura m. pl. N. of a warrior-tribe, (g. parśv-ādi, q.v.) asura : ásura m. of a Vedic school asura : ásura [In later Sanskṛt sura has been formed from , as sita from asita, q.v.] asura : ásura See ásu. 🔎 asura | ásura- asura : ásura mfn. (√ 2. as, [Uṇ.]), spiritual, incorporeal, divine, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.] asura : ásura m. a spirit, good spirit, supreme spirit (said of Varuṇa), [RV.]; [VS.] asura : the chief of the evil spirits, [RV. ii, 30, 4] and [vii, 99, 5] asura : an evil spirit, demon, ghost, opponent of the gods, [RV. viii, 96, 9] asura : [x]; [AV.] &c. [these Asuras are often regarded as the children of Diti by Kaśyapa See daitya; as such they are demons of the first order in perpetual hostility with the gods, and must not be confounded with the Rākṣasas or imps who animate dead bodies and disturb sacrifices] asura : a N. of Rāhu, [VarBṛS.] &c. asura : the sun, [L.] asura : a cloud, [Naigh.] (cf. [RV. v, 83, 6]) asura : ásura m. pl. N. of a warrior-tribe, (g. parśv-ādi, q.v.) asura : ásura m. of a Vedic school asura : ásura [In later Sanskṛt sura has been formed from , as sita from asita, q.v.] asura : ásura See ásu. 🔎 ásura- | nominal stemSGMVOC |
| 2.27.10 | yé | yá- ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j). ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.] ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ]. ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover ya : wind ya : joining ya : restraining ya : fame ya : a carriage (?) ya : barley ya : light ya : abandoning 🔎 yá- | pronounPLMNOM |
| 2.27.10 | ca ca : the 20th letter of the alphabet, 1st of the 2nd (or palatal) class of consonants, having the sound of ch in church. ca : ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as (= τε, Lat. que, placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes; when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form (e.g. táva ca máma ca [not te ca me ca], ‘both of thee and me’), when used after verbs the first of them is accented, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 58 f.]; it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences; in [RV.] the double occurs more frequently than the single (e.g. aháṃ ca tváṃ ca, ‘I and thou’, [viii, 62, 11]); the double may also be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskṛt (e.g. kva hariṇakānāṃ jīvitaṃ cātilolaṃ kva ca vajra-sārāḥ śarās te, ‘where is the frail existence, of fawns and where are thy adamantine arrows?’, [Śak. i, 10]); in later literature, however, the first is more usually omitted (e.g. ahaṃ tvaṃ ca), and when more than two things are enumerated only one is often found (e.g. tejasā yaśasā lakṣmyā sthityā ca parayā, ‘in glory, in fame, in beauty, and in high position’, [Nal. xii, 6]); elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, is placed after some and omitted after others (e.g. ṛṇa-dātā ca vaidyaś ca śrotriyo nadī, ‘the payer of a debt and a physician [and] a Brāhman [and] a river’, [Hit. i, 4, 55]); in Ved. and even in class. Sanskṛt [[Mn. iii, 20]; [ix, 322]; [Hit.]], when the double would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted (e.g. indraś ca soma, ‘both Indra [and thou] Soma’, [RV. vii, 104, 25]; durbhedyaś cāśusaṃdheyaḥ, ‘both difficult to be divided [and] quickly united’, [Hit. i]); with lexicographers may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed (e.g. kamaṇḍalau ca karakaḥ, ‘the word karaka has the meaning ‘pitcher’ and other meanings’); sometimes is = eva, even, indeed, certainly, just (e.g. su-cintitaṃ cauṣadhaṃ na nāma-mātreṇa karoty arogam, ‘even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name’, [Hit.]; yāvanta eva te tāvāṃśca saḥ, ‘as great as they [were] just so great was he’, [Ragh. xii, 45]); occasionally is disjunctive, ‘but’, ‘on the contrary’, ‘on the other hand’, ‘yet’, ‘nevertheless’ (varam ādyau na cāntimaḥ, ‘better the two first but not the last’, [Hit.] ; śāntam idam āśrama-padaṃ sphurati ca bāhuḥ, ‘this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs’, [Śak. i, 15]); ca-ca, though — yet, [Vikr. ii, 9]; ca-na ca, though — yet not, [Pat.]; — na tu (v.l. nanu) id., [Mālav. iv, 8]; na ca — , though not — yet, [Pat.]; may be used for vā, ‘either’, ‘or’ (e.g. iha cāmutra vā, ‘either here or hereafter’, [Mn. xii, 89]; strī vā pumān vā yac cānyat sattvam, ‘either a woman or a man or any other being’, [R.]), and when a neg. particle is joined with the two may then be translated by ‘neither’, ‘nor’; occasionally one or one na is omitted (e.g. na ca paribhoktuṃ naiva śaknomi hātum, ‘I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon’, [Śak. v, 18]; na pūrvāhṇe na ca parāhṇe, ‘neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon’); ca-ca may express immediate connection between two acts or their simultaneous occurrence (e.g. mama ca muktaṃ tamasā mano manasijena dhanuṣi śaraś ca niveśitaḥ, ‘no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god’, [vi, 8]); is sometimes = ced, ‘if’ (cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 30]; the verb is accented), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Vikr. ii, 20]; [Bhartṛ. ii, 45]; may be used as an expletive (e.g. anyaiś ca kratubhiś ca, ‘and with other sacrifices’); is often joined to an adv. like eva, api, tathā, tathaiva, &c., either with or without a neg. particle (e.g. vairiṇaṃ nopaseveta sahāyaṃ caiva vairiṇaḥ, ‘one ought not to serve either an enemy or the ally of an enemy’, [Mn. iv, 133]); (see eva, api, &c.) For the meaning of after an interrogative See ká, kathā́, kím, kvá); ca : [cf. τε, Lat. que, pe (in nempe &c.); Goth. uh; Zd. ca; Old Pers. cā.] ca : mfn. pure, [L.] ca : moving to and fro, [L.] ca : mischievous, [L.] ca : seedless, [L.] ca : m. a thief, [L.] ca : the moon, [L.] ca : a tortoise, [L.] ca : Śiva, [L.] 🔎 ca | ca ca : the 20th letter of the alphabet, 1st of the 2nd (or palatal) class of consonants, having the sound of ch in church. ca : ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as (= τε, Lat. que, placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes; when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form (e.g. táva ca máma ca [not te ca me ca], ‘both of thee and me’), when used after verbs the first of them is accented, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 58 f.]; it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences; in [RV.] the double occurs more frequently than the single (e.g. aháṃ ca tváṃ ca, ‘I and thou’, [viii, 62, 11]); the double may also be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskṛt (e.g. kva hariṇakānāṃ jīvitaṃ cātilolaṃ kva ca vajra-sārāḥ śarās te, ‘where is the frail existence, of fawns and where are thy adamantine arrows?’, [Śak. i, 10]); in later literature, however, the first is more usually omitted (e.g. ahaṃ tvaṃ ca), and when more than two things are enumerated only one is often found (e.g. tejasā yaśasā lakṣmyā sthityā ca parayā, ‘in glory, in fame, in beauty, and in high position’, [Nal. xii, 6]); elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, is placed after some and omitted after others (e.g. ṛṇa-dātā ca vaidyaś ca śrotriyo nadī, ‘the payer of a debt and a physician [and] a Brāhman [and] a river’, [Hit. i, 4, 55]); in Ved. and even in class. Sanskṛt [[Mn. iii, 20]; [ix, 322]; [Hit.]], when the double would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted (e.g. indraś ca soma, ‘both Indra [and thou] Soma’, [RV. vii, 104, 25]; durbhedyaś cāśusaṃdheyaḥ, ‘both difficult to be divided [and] quickly united’, [Hit. i]); with lexicographers may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed (e.g. kamaṇḍalau ca karakaḥ, ‘the word karaka has the meaning ‘pitcher’ and other meanings’); sometimes is = eva, even, indeed, certainly, just (e.g. su-cintitaṃ cauṣadhaṃ na nāma-mātreṇa karoty arogam, ‘even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name’, [Hit.]; yāvanta eva te tāvāṃśca saḥ, ‘as great as they [were] just so great was he’, [Ragh. xii, 45]); occasionally is disjunctive, ‘but’, ‘on the contrary’, ‘on the other hand’, ‘yet’, ‘nevertheless’ (varam ādyau na cāntimaḥ, ‘better the two first but not the last’, [Hit.] ; śāntam idam āśrama-padaṃ sphurati ca bāhuḥ, ‘this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs’, [Śak. i, 15]); ca-ca, though — yet, [Vikr. ii, 9]; ca-na ca, though — yet not, [Pat.]; — na tu (v.l. nanu) id., [Mālav. iv, 8]; na ca — , though not — yet, [Pat.]; may be used for vā, ‘either’, ‘or’ (e.g. iha cāmutra vā, ‘either here or hereafter’, [Mn. xii, 89]; strī vā pumān vā yac cānyat sattvam, ‘either a woman or a man or any other being’, [R.]), and when a neg. particle is joined with the two may then be translated by ‘neither’, ‘nor’; occasionally one or one na is omitted (e.g. na ca paribhoktuṃ naiva śaknomi hātum, ‘I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon’, [Śak. v, 18]; na pūrvāhṇe na ca parāhṇe, ‘neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon’); ca-ca may express immediate connection between two acts or their simultaneous occurrence (e.g. mama ca muktaṃ tamasā mano manasijena dhanuṣi śaraś ca niveśitaḥ, ‘no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god’, [vi, 8]); is sometimes = ced, ‘if’ (cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 30]; the verb is accented), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Vikr. ii, 20]; [Bhartṛ. ii, 45]; may be used as an expletive (e.g. anyaiś ca kratubhiś ca, ‘and with other sacrifices’); is often joined to an adv. like eva, api, tathā, tathaiva, &c., either with or without a neg. particle (e.g. vairiṇaṃ nopaseveta sahāyaṃ caiva vairiṇaḥ, ‘one ought not to serve either an enemy or the ally of an enemy’, [Mn. iv, 133]); (see eva, api, &c.) For the meaning of after an interrogative See ká, kathā́, kím, kvá); ca : [cf. τε, Lat. que, pe (in nempe &c.); Goth. uh; Zd. ca; Old Pers. cā.] ca : mfn. pure, [L.] ca : moving to and fro, [L.] ca : mischievous, [L.] ca : seedless, [L.] ca : m. a thief, [L.] ca : the moon, [L.] ca : a tortoise, [L.] ca : Śiva, [L.] 🔎 ca | invariable |
| 2.27.10 | mártāḥ | márta- marta : márta m. (√ mṛ) a mortal, man, [RV.]; [VS.] (in later literature prob. w.r. for martya) marta : the world of mortals, the earth, [Uṇ. iii, 86], Sch. marta : [Gk. μορτός, βροτός; Lat. mortuus, mortalis.] 🔎 márta- | nominal stemPLMNOM |
| 2.27.10 | śatám | śatá- śata : śatá n. (rarely m.; ifc. f(I). ) a hundred (used with other numerals thus, ekādhikaṃ śatam, or eka-ś°, a hundred + one, 101 viṃśaty-adhikaṃ śatam or viṃśaṃ ś°, a hundred + twenty, 120; śate or dve śate or dvi-śatam or śata-dvayam, 200; trīṇi śatāni or tri-śatāni or śata-trayam, 300; ṣaṭ-śatam, 600; or the comp. becomes an ordinal, e.g. dvi-śata, the 200th; dvikaṃ, trikaṃ śatam = 2, 3 per cent; śatātpara, ‘beyond a hundred, exceeding 100’; the counted object is added either in the gen., or in the same case as , or ibc., e.g. śatam pitaraḥ or śatam pitṝṇām or pitṛ-śatam ‘a hundred ancestors’; sometimes also ifc. See comp. below; rarely śatam is used as an indeclinable with an instr., e.g. śatáṃ ráthebhiḥ, ‘with a hundred chariots’, [RV. i, 48, 7]; rarely occurs a masc. form in pl., e.g. pañca-śatān rathān, [MBh. iv, 1057]; and n. rarely in comp. of the following kind, catur-varṣa-śatam or °tāni, ‘400 years’), [RV.] &c.; śata : any very large number (in comp. as śata-pattra &c. below). śata : [cf. Gk. ἑ-κατόν ‘one’ hundred; Lat. centum; Lith. szìmtas; Got. (twa) hunḍa; Germ. hund-ert; Eng. hund-red.] 🔎 śatá- | nominal stemSGNACC |
| 2.27.10 | naḥ | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | pronounPLDAT |
| 2.27.10 | rāsva | √rā- 1 rā : (ā), f. (only [L.]) amorous play (= vibhrama) rā : giving rā : gold rā : or rās cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 49]) rā́ti (Ved. also Ā. rāté; Impv. rirīhi, rarāsva, rarīdhvam; p. rarāṇa; 3. sg. rárate and rāsate; pf. rarimá, raré; aor. árāsma Subj. rā́sat &c. Pot. rāsīya; Class. forms are only pr. rāti; fut. rātā, [BhP.]; rāsyati, [Vop.], and inf. rātave, [BhP.]), to grant, give, bestow, impart, yield, surrender, [RV.]; &c. rā : (ifc.) granting, bestowing, [BhP.] rā : rā́ f., see rai. rā : See under 3. ra. 🔎 √rā- 1 | rootSGAORMED2IMP |
| 2.27.10 | śarádaḥ | śarád- śarad : śarád f. (prob. fr. √ śrā, śṝ) autumn (as the ‘time of ripening’), the autumnal season (the sultry season of two months succeeding the rains; in some parts of India comprising the months Bhādra and Āśvina, in other places Āśvina and Kārttika, fluctuating thus from August to November), [RV.] &c. &c. śarad : a year (or pl. poetically for ‘years’, cf. varṣa), [ib.] 🔎 śarád- | nominal stemPLFACC |
| 2.27.10 | vicákṣe | √cakṣ- cakṣ : a (a reduplicated form of √ kāś = kśā; in the non-conjugational tenses √ khyā is substituted, [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 54 f.]; some pf. forms, however, are found) cl. 2. Ā. cáṣṭe (2. du. cakṣāthe, [RV.]; pf. p. cákṣāṇa, [RV.]; [BhP. i, 18, 25] [a- neg.]; rarely P. impf. 2. sg. acakṣas, [MBh. viii, 3384], 1. pl. acakṣma, [Naigh. iii, 11]; Ved. inf. cákṣase, [RV.]; [AV. vi, 68, 2]), to appear, become visible, [RV. viii, 19, 16]; [x, 74, 2] and [92, 6] ; to see, look at, observe, notice, [RV.]; [BhP.]; to tell, inform, [MBh. viii, 3384]; to take any one (acc.) for (acc.), [BhP. x, 73, 11.] 🔎 √cakṣ- | rootSGDATnon-finite:INFlocal particle:LP |
| 2.27.10 | aśyā́ma | √aś- aś : (in classical Sanskṛt only) Ā. aśnute (aor. 3. pl. āśiṣata, [Bhaṭṭ.]; perf. ānaśe, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 72.] Vedic forms are: aśnoti, &c.; Subj. aśnavat, &c.; aor. P. ānaṭ (2. & 3. sg., frequently in [RV.]) and Ā. aṣṭa or ā́ṣṭa, 3. pl. āśata (frequently in [RV.]) or ā́kṣiṣur [[RV. i, 163, 10]] Subj. ákṣat [[RV. x, 11, 7]] Pot. 1. pl. aśema Prec. aśyās (2. & 3. sg.) &c. Pot. Ā. 1. sg. aśīya and pl. aśīmahi, Imper. aṣṭu [[VS.]]; perf. ānaṃśa (thrice in [RV.]) or ānāśa [[RV. vi, 16, 26]] or āśa [[RV. viii, 47, 6]], 2. pl. ānaśá, 3. pl. ānaśúḥ (frequently in [RV.]) or āśuḥ [[RV. iv, 33, 4]], Ā. ānaśé, Subj. 1. pl. anaśāmahai [[RV. viii, 27, 22]], Pot. 1. sg. ānasyām, p. ānaśāná [[AV.]]; Inf. aṣṭave, [RV. iv, 30, 19]) to reach, come to, reach, come to, arrive at, get, gain, obtain, [RV.] &c.; (said of an evil, aṃhati, áṃhas, grā́hi) to visit, [RV.]; [AV. vi, 113, 1]; to master, become master of [RV.]; to offer, [RV.]; to enjoy, [MBh. xii, 12136]; to pervade, penetrate, fill, [Naigh.]; [Bhaṭṭ. ii, 30]; to accumulate, [L.] : Desid. aśiśiṣate, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 74] Intens. aśāśyate, [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 22]; [Pat.] aś : aśnā́ti (Pot. aśnīyāt; p. aśnát (see s.v. 1. aśna); aor. Subj. aśīt, [RV. x, 87, 17]; fut. p. aśiṣyát, [ŚBr.], perf. ā́śa, [RV. i, 162, 9] and [iii, 36, 8]; perf. p. āśivas See án-āśvas s.v. án-āśaka; Pass. p. aśyámāna, [AV. xii, 5, 38]) to eat, consume (with acc. [this only in classical Sanskṛt] or gen.), [RV.] &c.; to enjoy, [Bhag. ix, 20], &c. : Caus. āśayati ([Pāṇ. i, 3, 87], Sch.; aor. āśiśat, [ib.] [i, 1, 59], Sch.) to cause to eat, feed, [Mn.]; (with double acc.; cf. [Pāṇ. i, 4, 52], [Kāś.]), [BhP.]; (cf. ā́śita) : Desid. áśiśiṣati ([Pāṇ. vi, 1, 2], Sch.) to wish to eat, [ŚBr.]; [ChUp.] : Intens. aśāśyate, [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 22]; [Pat.] 🔎 √aś- | rootPLAORACT1OPT |
| 2.27.10 | ā́yūṃṣi | ā́yus- āyus : ā́yus n. life, vital power, vigour, health, duration of life, long life, [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Pañcat.] &c. āyus : active power, efficacy, [RV.]; [VS.] āyus : the totality of living beings [food, [Sāy.]] [RV. ii, 38, 5] and [vii, 90, 6] āyus : N. of a particular ceremony (= āyuḥ-ṣṭoma, q.v.) āyus : N. of a Sāman āyus : of the eighth lunar mansion āyus : food, [L.] āyus : ā́yus (us), m. the son of Purūravas and Urvaśī (cf. āyu), [MBh.]; [Vikr.]; [VP.] āyus : [cf. Dor. αἰές; perhaps also αἰών.] āyus : ā́yus See col. 1. 🔎 ā́yus- | nominal stemPLNACC |
| 2.27.10 | súdhitāni | súdhita- sudhita : sú—dhita (sú-), mfn. (for See p. 1226, col. 1) well placed or fixed, [RV.] sudhita : well ordered or arranged or contrived, [ib.]; [TBr.] sudhita : well prepared or served, ready (as food), [RV.] sudhita : fixed upon, meant, intended, [ib.] sudhita : well-disposed, kind, benevolent, [ib.]; [VS.] sudhita : mfn. (for su-dhita See p. 1225, col. 3) nectar-like, [BhP.] 🔎 súdhita- | nominal stemPLNACC |
| 2.27.10 | pū́rvā pūrvā : pū́rvā (ā), f. (with or sc. diś) the east, [MBh.]; [R.] pūrvā : N. of a country to the east of Madhya-deśa, [L.] pūrvā : of the Nakṣatras Pūrva-phalgunī, Pūrvāṣāḍhā and Pūrvabhadrapadā collectively, [Var.] 🔎 pū́rvā | pū́rva- pūrva : pū́rva mf(A)n. (connected with purā, puras, pra, and declined like a pron. when implying relative position whether in place or time, but not necessarily in abl. loc. sg. m. n. and nom. pl. m.; see [Pāṇ. i, 1, 27]; [34]; [vii, 1, 16]) being before or in front, fore, first, [RV.] &c. &c. pūrva : eastern, to the east of (abl.), [ib.] pūrva : former, prior, preceding, previous to, earlier than (abl. or comp.), [ib.] (gaja-pūrva, preceding the number ‘eight’ i.e. seven, the seventh, [Śrutab.]; māsena p° or māsa-p°, earlier by a month, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 31]; ifc. often = formerly or before, e.g. strī-p°, formerly a wife; āḍhya-p°, formerly wealthy; esp. after a pp., e.g. kṛta-p°, done before, dṛṣṭa-p°, seen before; ifc. also preceded or accompanied by, attended with, e.g. smita-pūrvā vāk, speech accompanied by smiles; sometimes not translatable, e.g. mṛdu-pūrvā vāk, kind speech) pūrva : ancient, old, customary, traditional, [RV.] &c. &c. pūrva : first (in a series), initial, lowest (opp. to uttara; with dama or sāhasa ‘the lowest fine’), [Mn. viii, 120] &c. pūrva : (with vayas) ‘first age’, youth, [MBh.] pūrva : foregoing, aforesaid, mentioned before (abl.), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Pāṇ.] pūrva : pū́rva m. an ancestor, forefather (pl. the ancients, ancestors), [RV.] &c. &c. pūrva : an elder brother, [R.] pūrva : N. of a prince, [BhP.] pūrva : pū́rva n. the fore part, [Śak. ii, 4] (cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 1]) pūrva : a partic. high number (applied to a period of years), [Buddh.] pūrva : N. of the most ancient of Jaina writings (of which 14 are enumerated), [L.] pūrva : N. of a Tantra, [Cat.] pūrva : an ancient tradition, [W.] 🔎 pū́rva- | nominal stemPLNACC |