viśva : víśva mf(A)n. (prob. fr. √ 1. viś, to pervade, cf. [Uṇ. i, 151]; declined as a pron. like sarva, by which it is superseded in the Brāhmaṇas and later language) all, every, every one

viśva : whole, entire, universal, [RV.] &c. &c.

viśva : all-pervading or all-containing, omnipresent (applied to Viṣṇu-Kṛṣṇa, the soul, intellect &c.), [Up.]; [MBh.] &c.

viśva : víśva m. (in phil.) the intellectual faculty or (accord. to some) the faculty which perceives individuality or the individual underlying the gross body (sthūla-śarīra-vyaṣṭy-upahita), [Vedāntas.]

viśva : N. of a class of gods, cf. below

viśva : N. of the number ‘thirteen’, [Gol.]

viśva : of a class of deceased ancestors, [MārkP.]

viśva : of a king, [MBh.]

viśva : of a well-known dictionary = viśva-prakāśa

viśva : pl. (víśve, with or scil. devā́s cf. viśve-deva, p. 995) ‘all the gods collectively’ or the ‘All-gods’ (a partic. class of gods, forming one of the 9 Gaṇas enumerated under gaṇadevatā, q.v.; accord. to the Viṣṇu and other Purāṇas they were sons of Viśvā, daughter of Dakṣa, and their names are as follow, 1. Vasu, 2. Satya, 3. Kratu, 4. Dakṣa, 5. Kāla, 6. Kāma, 7. Dhṛti, 8. Kuru, 9. Purū-ravas, 10. Mādravas [?]; two others are added by some, viz. 11. Rocaka or Locana, 12. Dhvani [or Dhūri; or this may make 13] : they are particularly worshipped at Śrāddhas and at the Vaiśvadeva ceremony [[RTL. 416]]; moreover accord. to Manu [[iii, 90], [121]], offerings should be made to them daily — these privileges having been bestowed on them by Brahmā and the Pitṛs, as a reward for severe austerities they had performed on the Himālaya: sometimes it is difficult to decide whether the expression viśve devāḥ refers to all the gods or to the particular troop of deities described above), [RV.] &c. &c.;

viśva : víśva n. the whole world, universe, [AV.] &c. &c.

viśva : dry ginger, [Suśr.]

viśva : myrrh, [L.]

viśva : a mystical N. of the sound o, [Up.]

hi : (cf. √ hay) cl. 5. P. ([Dhātup. xxvii, 11]) hinóti (Ved. also hinuté, hínvati and hinváti, °te; p. hinvāná [with act. and pass. sense] [RV.]; háyat, [RV.]; [TS.]; 1. sg. hiṣe, [RV.]; pf. jighāya, jighyuḥ, [Br.] &c.; jighye [with pass. sense] [Bhaṭṭ.]; aor. áhema, ahyan, heta p. hiyāná [with pass. sense] [RV.]; ahyam [?], áhait, [AV.]; ahaiṣīt, [Br.]; aheṣata, [RV.]; fut. hetā Gr.; heṣyati, [MBh.] &c.; inf. -hyé, [RV.]), to send forth, set in motion, impel, urge on, hasten on (Ā. also intrans.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; to stimulate or incite to (dat.), [RV.]; to assist or help to (dat.), [ib.]; to discharge, hurl, cast, shoot, [RV.]; to convey, bring, procure, [ib.]; [ŚBr.]; to forsake, abandon, get rid of [Bhaṭṭ.]; (hinvati) to gladden, delight, [Dhātup. xv, 82] : Pass. hīyate (aor. ahāyi) Gr.: Caus. hāyayati (aor. ajīhayat), [ib.] : Desid. of Caus. jihāpayiṣati, [ib.] : Desid. jighīṣati, [ib.] : Intens. jeghīyate, jeghayīti, jegheti, [ib.]

hi : hí ind. (used as a particle [cf. ha and gha] and usually denoting) for, because, on account of (never standing first in a sentence, but generally after the first word and used enclitically, sometimes after pronouns; e.g. sárvo hí pṛ́tanā jigīṣati, ‘for everybody wishes to win battles’; bhavān hi pramāṇam, ‘for your honour is the authority’; tathā hi, ‘for example’, ‘accordingly’; ná hí or nahí, ‘for not’, ‘not at all’), [RV.] &c. &c.

hi : just, pray, do (with an Impv. or Pot. emphatically; sometimes with Indic., e.g. paśyāmo hi, ‘we will just see’), [ib.]

hi : indeed, assuredly, surely, of course, certainly (hí vaí, ‘most assuredly’; hi-tu or hi-punar, ‘indeed-but’; often a mere expletive, esp. to avoid a hiatus, sometimes repeated in the same sentence; is also said to be an interjection of ‘envy’, ‘contempt’, ‘hurry’ &c.), [ib.]

iṣ : cl. 1. P. eṣati (see anu- √ and pari- √ ) Ā. eṣate, to seek, search, [BhP.] : cl. 4. P. íṣyati and 9. P. Ā. iṣṇā́ti (p. iṣṇát, [RV. i, 181, 6], and iṣṇāná, [RV. i, 61, 13]; pf. 3. pl. īṣus, [RV.], and īṣiré, [AV.]; aiṣīt; inf. iṣádhyai, [RV. vii, 43, 1]) to cause to move quickly, let fly, throw, cast, swing, [RV.]; to send out or off, stream out, pour out, discharge; to deliver (a speech), announce, proclaim, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; to impel, incite, animate, promote, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]

iṣ : ifc. mfn. moving quickly, speedy. See aram-iṣ.

iṣ : cl. 6. P., ep. and Ved. also Ā. ic-cháti (Subj. icchāt, [RV.]; [AV.]), icchate ([AV. xi, 5, 17]; impf. aicchat, iyeṣa and īṣe, eṣiṣyate, aiṣīt, eṣitum or eṣṭum), to endeavour to obtain, strive, seek for, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.]; to endeavour to make favourable; to desire, wish, long for, request; to wish or be about to do anything, intend, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [R.]; [Hit.]; [Śak.] &c.; to strive to obtain anything (acc.) from any one (abl. or loc.); to expect or ask anything from any one, [MBh.]; [Mn.]; [Śak.]; [Ragh.]; [Hit.] &c.; to assent, be favourable, concede, [KātyŚr.]; [Mn.]; [Kathās.]; to choose, [Mn.]; to acknowledge, maintain, regard, think, [Pāṇ.] Comm. Pass. iṣyate, to be wished or liked; to be wanted, [MBh.]; [Hit.]; [Śak.] &c.; to be asked or requested; to be prescribed or ordered, [Mn.]; [R.]; to be approved or acknowledged; to be accepted or regarded as, [MBh.]; [Prab.]; [Yājñ.]; [Mn.] &c.; to be worth; to be wanted as a desideratum See 2. iṣṭi: Caus. eṣayati, (in surg.) to probe, [Suśr. ii, 7, 15] : Desid. eṣiṣiṣati;

iṣ : [with cf. Old Germ. eiscôm, ‘I ask’; Mod. Germ. heische; Angl.Sax. ásciani cf. also Gk. ἰό-της, ἵμερος; Lith. jëskóti; Russ. iskate, ‘to seek’.]

iṣ : mfn. ifc. seeking for (see gav-iṣ, paśv-iṣ, &c.)

iṣ : f. wish, [Hariv.] [cf. iṭ-cara].

iṣ : f. anything drunk, a draught, refreshment, enjoyment

iṣ : libation

iṣ : the refreshing waters of the sky

iṣ : sap, strength, freshness, comfort, increase

iṣ : good condition, affluence, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [AitBr.]

rakṣ : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. xvii, 6]) rákṣati (Ved. and mc. also °te; pf. rarákṣa, [RV.] &c. &c.; aor. arakṣīt, [AV.] &c.; arākṣīt, [Br.]; Prec. rakṣyāt Gr.; fut. rakṣitā, [MBh.]; rakṣiṣyati Cond. arakṣiṣyat, [ib.]; rakṣye, [R.]; inf. rakṣitum, [MBh.]), to guard, watch, take care of, protect, save, preserve (‘from’ abl.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to tend (cattle), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [R.]; to rule (the earth or a country), [MBh.]; [Rājat.]; to keep (a secret), [Kathās.]; to spare, have regard to (another's feelings), [Mālav.]; to observe (a law, duty &c.), [RV.]; [MBh.]; to guard against, ward off, keep away, prevent, frustrate, injure, [AV. v, 1]; to beware of [Kathās.]; (Ā.) to heed, attend to (loc.), [RV. i, 72, 5]; (Ā.) to conceal, hide (?), [RV. ix, 68, 4]; to conceal one's self, be afraid (?), [ib.] [x, 68, 1] : Caus. rakṣayati, °te (aor. ararakṣat, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 93], Sch.), to guard, watch, save or protect from (abl.), [Kāv.]; [Pañcat.] : Desid. rirakṣati, to wish to guard, intend to protect from (abl.), [MBh.] : Intens. See rārakṣāṇá.

rakṣ : [Prob. a kind of Desid. of some root like raj or rajj; cf. Gk. ἀ-λέξω, ἀρκέω; Lat. arx, arceo.]

rakṣ : (ifc.) guarding, watching &c. (see gorakṣ).

vrata : vratá n. (ifc. f(A). ; fr. √ 2. vṛ) will, command, law, ordinance, rule, [RV.]

vrata : obedience, service, [ib.]; [AV.]; [ĀśvGṛ.]

vrata : dominion, realm, [RV.]

vrata : sphere of action, function, mode or manner of life (e.g. śuci-vr°, ‘pure manner of life’, [Śak.]), conduct, manner, usage, custom, [RV.] &c. &c.

vrata : a religious vow or practice, any pious observance, meritorious act of devotion or austerity, solemn vow, rule, holy practice (as fasting, continence &c.; vratáṃ-√ car, ‘to observe a vow’, esp. ‘to practise chastity’), [ib.]

vrata : any vow or firm purpose, resolve to (dat. loc., or comp.; vratāt or vrata-vaśāt, ‘in consequence of a vow’; cf. asi-dhārā-vrata and āsidhāraṃ vratam), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.

vrata : the practice of always eating the same food (cf. madhu-vr°), [L.]

vrata : the feeding only on milk (as a fast or observance according to rule; also the milk itself), [VS.]; [Br.]; [KātyŚr.]

vrata : any food (in a-yācita-vr°, q.v.)

vrata : = mahā-vrata (i.e. a partic. Stotra, and the day for it), [Br.]; [ŚrS.];

vrata : (with gen. or ifc.) N. of Sāmans, [ĀrṣBr.] ([L.] also ‘month’; season; year; fire; ‘= Viṣṇu’; ‘N. of one of the seven islands of Antara-dvīpa’)

vrata : vráta m. (of unknown meaning), [AV. v, 1, 7]; [ĀpŚr. xiii, 16, 8]

vrata : N. of a son of Manu and Naḍvalā, [BhP.]

vrata : (pl.) N. of a country belonging to Prācya, [L.]

vrata : vratá mfn. = veda-vrata, one who has taken the vow of learning the Veda, [Gṛhyās. ii, 3] (Sch.)

car : cl. 1. cárati, rarely °te (Subj. cárat, 3. pl. cárān, [RV.]; perf. cacā́ra [[AV.] &c.], 2. sg. cacartha, [BhP. iv, 28, 52]; pl. cerur, &c.; °ratur, [ŚBr.] &c.; Ā. cere, [BhP. iii, 1, 19]; fut. cariṣyati, °te; aor. acārīt [[ŚBr. xiv] &c.]; inf. cáritum [[ii]; [MBh. i], [iii]; [R.]] or cartum [[MBh. iii], [xiii]; [R. iii]; [BhP. v]], Ved. carádhyai [[RV. i, 61, 12]], cáritave [[113, 5]], caráse [[92, 9] and [v, 47, 4]], carā́yai [[vii, 77, 1]], caritos [[AitĀr. i, 1, 1, 7]]; ind.p. caritvā́, [ŚBr. xiv]; [BhP. x, 75, 19]; cartvā, [MBh. v, 3790]; cīrtvā, [xiii, 495]; p. cárat) to move one's self, go, walk, move, stir, roam about, wander (said of men, animals, water, ships, stars, &c.), [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; to spread, be diffused (as fire), [VarBṛS. xix, 7]; to move or travel through, pervade, go along, follow, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to behave, conduct one's self, act, live, treat (with instr. or loc.), [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; to be engaged in, occupied or busy with (instr., e.g. yajñéna c°, ‘to be engaged in a sacrifice’, [ŚBr.]), [RV. x, 71, 5]; [AV. vi, 117, 1]; [AitBr.] &c.; (with [[ŚBr. iv]; [ChUp.]; [Kauś.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.]] or without [[ŚBr. ii], [xiv]] mithunám) to have intercourse with, have to do with (instr.); (with a p. or adj. or ind.p. or adv.) to continue performing or being (e.g. arcantaś cerur, ‘they continued worshipping’, [ŚBr. i]; svāminam avajñāya caret, ‘he may go on despising his master’, [Hit.]), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.] &c.; (in astron.) to be in any asterism or conjunction, [VarBṛS.]; to undertake, set about, under go, observe, practise, do or act in general, effect, make (e.g. vratā́ni ‘to observe vows’, [AV.] &c.; vighnaṃ c°, ‘to put a hindrance’, [MBh.]; bhaikṣaṃ c° ‘to beg’, [Mn. ii]; vivādaṃ c°, ‘to be engaged in a lawsuit’, [Mn. viii, 8]; mṛgayāṃ c°, ‘to hunt’, [MBh.]; [R.]; sambandhāṃś c°, ‘to enter into connections’, [Mn. ii, 40]; mārgaṃ cacāra bāṇaiḥ, ‘he made a way with arrows’, [R. iii, 34, 4]; tapasā indriyāṇi c°, to exercise one's organs with penance, [MBh. xiv, 544]), [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; to consume, eat (with acc.), graze, [Yājñ. iii, 324]; [Pañcat.]; [BhP. v], [x]; [Subh.]; [Hit.]; to make or render (with double acc.) e.g. naréndraṃ satya-sthaṃ carāma, ‘let us make the king keep his word’, [R. ii, 107, 19] : Caus. cārayati, to cause to move or walk about, [AV. xii, 4, 28] (aor. ácīcarat), [ŚāṅkhBr. xxx, 8]; [Lāṭy.]; to pasture, [MBh. xiv]; [R.]; [BhP. iii], [x]; to send, direct, turn, move, [MBh.] &c.; to cause any one (acc.) to walk through (acc.), [MBh. xii]; [R. v, 49, 14]; to drive away from (abl.), [MBh. xii, 12944]; to cause any one (acc.) to practise or perform (with acc.), [Mn. xi, 177] and [192]; to cause (any animal acc.) to eat, [Bādar. ii, 2, 5], Sch.; to cause to copulate, [Mn. viii, 362]; to ascertain (as through a spy instr.), [MBh. iii], [xv]; [R. i], [vi]; to doubt (cf. vi-), [Dhātup. xxxiii, 71] : Desid. cicariṣati, to try to go, [ŚāṅkhBr. xxx, 8] (p. cicarṣat) ; to wish to act or conduct one's self, [ŚBr. xi]; to try to have intercourse with (instr.), [vi] : Intens. carcarīti Ā. or rarely [[MBh. iii, 12850]] Pass. cañcūryate (°curīti and °cūrti, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 87 f.]; ind.p. °cūrya, [R. iv, 29, 22]; p. once P. °cūryat, [Hariv. 3602]) to move quickly or repeatedly, walk about, roam about (in loc.), [AV. xx, 127, 4]; [MBh.] &c.; to act wantonly or coquettishly, [Bhaṭṭ. iv, 19] (cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 24]); [cf. πέλομαι, ἀμϕί-πολο-ς, ἀνα-τολή &c.]

svadhā : sva—dhā , see p. 1278, col. 1, and s.v.

svadhā : sva-dhā́ f. (for svadhā́ See p. 1280) self-position, self-power, inherent power (accord. to some, N. of Nature or the material Universe; sva-dháyā ‘by self-power’), [RV.]

svadhā : own state or condition or nature, habitual state, custom, rule, law, [RV.]

svadhā : ease, comfort, pleasure (ánu svadhā́m, svadhā́m ánu or svadhā́ ánu, svadháyā, or svadhā́bhiḥ, ‘according to one's habit or pleasure, spontaneously, willingly, easily, freely, undisturbedly, wantonly, sportively’), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [TBr.]

svadhā : own place, home (svadhé du. ‘the two places or homes’, heaven and earth, [Naigh. iii, 30]), [ib.]

svadhā : ‘own portion or share’, the sacrificial offering due to each god, (esp.) the food or libation, or refreshing drink (cf. 2. su-dhā) offered to the Pitṛs or spirits of deceased ancestors (consisting of clarified butter &c. and often only a remainder of the Havis; also applied to other oblations or libations, and personified as a daughter of Dakṣa and wife of the Pitṛs or of Aṅgiras or of a Rudra or of Agni), [RV.] &c. &c.

svadhā : sva-dhā (-dhā), ind. (with dat. or gen.) the exclamation or benediction used on presenting (or as a substitute for) the above oblation or libation to the gods or departed ancestors (accord. to [Mn. iii, 252] the highest form of benediction at a Śrāddha; with √ kṛ, ‘to pronounce the exclamation or benediction sva-dhā’; svadhāstu, ‘let there be a blessing on it’ [cf. [RTL. 104, n. 1]]), [RV.]; &c.

svadhā : svadhā́ f. (for sva-dhā see p. 1278, col. 1) an axe, knife, [TS.]

anu : mfn. = aṇu, q.v., [L.]

anu : ánu m. a non-Āryan man, [RV.]

anu : N. of a king (one of Yayāti's sons)

anu : of a non-Āryan tribe, [MBh.] &c.

anu : ánu ind. (as a prefix to verbs and nouns, expresses) after, along, alongside, lengthwise, near to, under, subordinate to, with. (When prefixed to nouns, especially in adverbial compounds), according to, severally, each by each, orderly, methodically, one after another, repeatedly. (As a separable preposition, with accusative) after, along, over, near to, through, to, towards, at, according to, in order, agreeably to, in regard to, inferior to, [Pāṇ. i, 4, 86.] (As a separable adverb) after, afterwards, thereupon, again, further, then, next.

yat : yát mfn. (pr. p. of √ 5. i) going, moving, [RV.] &c. &c. (abde yati, in this year, [L.])

yat : cl. 1. Ā. (prob. connected with √ yam and orig. meaning, ‘to stretch’, [Dhātup. ii, 29]) yátate (Ved. and ep. also P. °ti; p. yátamāna, yátāna and yatāná, [RV.]; pf. yete, 3. pl. yetire, [ib.] &c.; aor. ayatiṣṭa, [Br.]; fut. yatiṣyate, [Br.], °ti, [MBh.]; inf. yatitum, [MBh.]; ind.p. -yátya, [MBh.]), (P.) to place in order, marshal, join, connect, [RV.]; (P. or Ā.) to keep pace, be in line, rival or vie with (instr.), [ib.]; (Ā.) to join (instr.), associate with (instr.), march or fly together or in line, [ib.]; to conform or comply with (instr.), [ib.]; to meet, encounter (in battle), [ib.]; [Br.]; to seek to join one's self with, make for, tend towards (loc.), [ib.]; to endeavour to reach, strive after, be eager or anxious for (with loc. dat. acc. with or without prati, once with gen.; also with arthe, arthāya, artham and hetos ifc.; or with inf.), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to exert one's self, take pains, endeavour, make effort, persevere, be cautious or watchful, [ib.]; to be prepared for (acc.), [R.] : Caus. (or cl. 10. [Dhātup. xxxiii, 62]) yātáyati (or °te; aor. ayīyatat; Pass. yātyate), to join, unite (Ā. intrans.), [RV.]; to join or attach to (loc.) P. [PañcavBr.]; to cause to fight, [AitBr.]; to strive to obtain anything (acc.) from (abl.), [Mālav.]; ; (rarely Ā.) to requite, return, reward or punish, reprove (as a fault), [RV.] &c. &c. (Ā.) to surrender or yield up anything (acc.) to (acc. or gen.), [MBh.]; (P. Ā.) to distress, torture, vex, annoy, [BhP.]; accord. to [Dhātup.] also nikāre (others nirākāre or khede) and upaskāre: Desid. yiyatiṣate Gr.: Intens. yāyatyate and yāyatti, [ib.]

yat : in comp. for yad.

ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j).

ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.]

ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ].

ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover

ya : wind

ya : joining

ya : restraining

ya : fame

ya : a carriage (?)

ya : barley

ya : light

ya : abandoning

adya : See s.v.

adya : mfn. fit or proper to be eaten

adya : n. (am) ifc. (cf. annádya, havir adya) food.

adya : a-dyá ind. (Ved. adyā́) (fr. pronom. base a, this, with dya for dyu, q.v., Lat. ho-die), to-day

adya : now-a-days

adya : now.

sūrya : sū́rya m. the sun or its deity (in the Veda the name Sūrya is generally distinguished from Savitṛ [q.v.], and denotes the most concrete of the solar gods, whose connection with the luminary is always present to the poet's mind ; in [Nir. vii, 5] he is regarded as one of the original Vedic triad, his place being in the sky, while that of Agni is on the earth, and that of Indra is in the atmosphere; ten hymns in the [RV.] are entirely in praise of Sūrya, e.g. [i, 50], [i, 115] &c., also, [AV. xiii, 2]; he moves through the sky in a chariot drawn by seven ruddy horses or mares [see saptāśva, harit, harid-aśva]; in the later mythology Sūrya is identified with Savitṛ as one of the 12 Ādityas or emblems of the Sun in the 12 months of the year, and his seven-horsed chariot is said to be driven by Aruṇa or the Dawn as its charioteer, who is represented without legs; the Sun, whether named Sūrya or Vivasvat, has several wives See sūryā below), [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. [IW. 11]; [16] &c.; [RTL. 341])

sūrya : a symbolical expression for the number ‘twelve’ (in allusion to the sun in the 12 signs of the zodiac), [Jyot.]; [Hcat.]

sūrya : the swallow-wort (either Calotropis or Asclepias Gigantea, = arka), [L.]

sūrya : N. of the son of Bali, [L.]

sūrya : of a Dānava, [VahniP.]

sūrya : of an astronomer (= sūrya-dāsa), [Cat.]

sūrya : epithet of Śiva, [MBh.]

sūrya : sū́rya mfn. solar (perhaps w.r. for saurya), [Jyot.][For cognate words See under 2. svár.]

sūrya : &c. See p. 1243, col. 1.

brū : cl. 2. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 35]) brávīti, brūté (only pr. stem; the other forms are supplied by √ vac cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 53]; brūmi for bravīmi, [R.]; Subj. brávas, °vat, [RV.]; Impv. brūhi, ep. also bravīhi, bruvadhvam; brūtāt, [Pāṇ. vii, 1, 35], Sch.; impf. abruvam for abravam, [Up.]; [MBh.]; pr.p. Ā. ep. bruvamāṇa for bruvāṇa; Prec. 2. pl. brūyāsta, [Nal. xvii, 36], prob. w.r. for brūyās tat), to speak, say, tell (either intrans.; or with acc. of pers. or thing; or with acc. of thing and acc. dat. gen. or loc. of person = to tell or relate anything to; with two acc. also = declare or pronounce to be, call), [RV.] &c. &c.; to speak about any person or thing (acc. with or without prati, or adhikṛtya), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to proclaim, predict, [Var.]; to answer (either intrans. with punar or trans. with praśnam, ‘a question’), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; (with anyathā) to speak or decide or judge wrongly, [Mn.]; [Pañcat.]; (Ā., rarely P.) to call or profess one's self to be (nom., rarely with iti), [RV.]; [Br.]; [MBh.]; (Ā.) to designate for one's self, choose, [AitBr.]; (Ā.) to be told by itself, tell itself (tell its tale), [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 89], Vārtt. 1, [Pat.]

brū : [cf. Zd. mrū.]

tam : cl. 4. tā́myati ([Pāṇ. vii, 3, 74]; rarely Ā. [R. ii, 63, 46]; [Gīt. v, 16]; pf. tatāma, [ŚBr. iv]; aor. Pass. atami, [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 34], [Kāś.]; Ved. inf. támitos, with ā́ preceding, ‘till exhaustion’, [TBr. i, 4, 4, 2]; [TāṇḍyaBr. xii]; [Lāṭy.]; [Āp.]; pf. Pass. p. -tāntá, q.v.) to gasp for breath (as one suffocating), choke, be suffocated, faint away, be exhausted, perish, be distressed or disturbed or perplexed, [RV. ii, 30, 7] (ná mā tamat [aor. subj.] ‘may I not be exhausted’), [Kāṭh.]; [TBr.] &c.; to stop (as breath), become immovable or stiff, [Suśr.]; [Mālatīm.]; [Amar.]; [Rājat. v, 344]; to desire (cf. 2. °ma, °mata), [Dhātup. xxvi, 93] : Caus. tamáyati (aor. Pass. atāmi, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 93], [Kāś.]) to suffocate, deprive of breath, [ŚBr. iii, 3, 2, 19] and [8, 1, 15]; [KātyŚr. vi, 5, 18]; cf. á-tameru.

sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin).

sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯)

sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2).

sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake

sa : air, wind

sa : a bird

sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva

sa : n. knowledge

sa : meditation

sa : a carriage road

sa : a fence.

sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá).

sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.]

sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’

sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c.

sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.]

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following).

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2.

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c.

aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.]

aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az].

deva : devá mf(I)n. (fr. 3. div) heavenly, divine (also said of terrestrial things of high excellence), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] (superl. m. devá-tama, [RV. iv, 22, 3] &c.; f. devi-tamā, [ii, 41, 16])

deva : devá m. (according to [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 120] déva) a deity, god, [RV.] &c. &c.

deva : (rarely applied to) evil demons, [AV. iii, 15, 5]; [TS. iii, 5, 4, 1]

deva : (pl. the gods as the heavenly or shining ones; víśve devā́s, all the gods, [RV. ii, 3, 4] &c., or a partic. class of deities [see under víśva], often reckoned as 33, either 11 for each of the 3 worlds, [RV. i, 139, 11] &c. [cf. tri-daśa], or 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras, and 12 Ādityas [to which the 2 Aśvins must be added] [Br.]; cf. also, [Divyāv. 68]; with Jainas 4 classes, viz. bhavanādhīśa, vyantara, jyotiṣka, and vaimānika; devā́nām pátnyas, the wives of the gods, [RV.]; [VS.]; [Br.] [cf. deva-patnī below])

deva : N. of the number 33 (see above), [Gaṇit.]

deva : N. of Indra as the god of the sky and giver of rain, [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

deva : a cloud, [L.]

deva : (with Jainas) the 22nd Arhat of the future Ut-sarpiṇī

deva : the image of a god, an idol, [Viṣṇ.]

deva : a god on earth or among men, either Brāhman, priest, [RV.]; [AV.] (cf. bhū-d°), or king, prince (as a title of honour, esp. in the voc. ‘your majesty’ or ‘your honour’; also ifc., e.g. śrī-harṣa-d°, vikramāṅka-d°, king Śrī-h° or Vikr°, and in names as puruṣottama-d° [lit. having Viṣṇu as one's deity; cf. atithi-d°, ācārya-d°, pitṛ-d°, mātṛ-d°]; rarely preceding the name, e.g. deva-caṇḍamahāsena, [Kathās. xiii, 48]), [Kāv.]; [Pañc.] &c. (cf. kṣiti-, nara-, &c.)

deva : a husband's brother (cf. devṛ and devara), [W.]

deva : a fool, dolt, [L.]

deva : a child, [L.]

deva : a man following any partic. line or business, [L.]

deva : a spearman, lancer, [L.]

deva : emulation, wish to excel or overcome, [L.]

deva : sport, play, [L.]

deva : a sword, [Gal.]

deva : N. of men, [VP.]

deva : of a disciple of Nāgārjuna, [MWB. 192]

deva : dimin. for devadatta, [Pāṇ. v, 3, 83], Vārtt. 4, Sch.

deva : devá n. ([L.]) an organ of sense, [MuṇḍUp. iii, 1, 8]; [2, 7]

deva : [cf. Lat. dīvus, deus; Lit. dë́vas; Old Pruss. deiwas.]

anu : mfn. = aṇu, q.v., [L.]

anu : ánu m. a non-Āryan man, [RV.]

anu : N. of a king (one of Yayāti's sons)

anu : of a non-Āryan tribe, [MBh.] &c.

anu : ánu ind. (as a prefix to verbs and nouns, expresses) after, along, alongside, lengthwise, near to, under, subordinate to, with. (When prefixed to nouns, especially in adverbial compounds), according to, severally, each by each, orderly, methodically, one after another, repeatedly. (As a separable preposition, with accusative) after, along, over, near to, through, to, towards, at, according to, in order, agreeably to, in regard to, inferior to, [Pāṇ. i, 4, 86.] (As a separable adverb) after, afterwards, thereupon, again, further, then, next.

man : in comp. for 1. mad.

man : cl. 8. 4. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxx, 9]; [xxv, 67]) manuté, mányate (ep. also °ti; 3. pl. manvaté, [RV.]; pf. mene, [Br.] &c.; mamnā́the, °nā́ts, [RV.]; aor. ámata, ámanmahi Subj. manāmahe, mananta, p. manāná, q.v., [RV.]; maṃsi, amaṃsta Subj. maṃsate Prec. maṃsīṣṭa, 1. pers. mc. masīya, [ib.]; māṃsta, [AV.], °stādm, [TĀr.]; mandhvam, [Br.]; amaniṣṭa Gr.; fut. maṃsyate, [Br.], °ti, [MBh.]; manta, manitā Gr.; maniṣyate, [RV.]; inf. mantum, [MBh.] &c., mántave, °tavai, [RV.], mántos, [Br.]; ind.p. matvā́, [Up.] &c.; manitvā Gr.; -matya, [Br.] &c.; -manya, [MBh.] &c.), to think, believe, imagine, suppose, conjecture, [RV.] &c. &c. (manye, I think, methinks, is in later language often inserted in a sentence without affecting the construction; cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. iv, 1, 106]); to regard or consider any one or anything (acc.) as (acc. with or without iva, or adv., often in -vat; in later language also dat., to express contempt [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 17]], e.g. g. rājyaṃ tṛṇāya manye, ‘I value empire at a straw’ i.e. I make light of it = laghu √ man, and opp. to bahu, or sādhu √ man, to think much or well of, praise, approve), [ib.]; to think one's self or be thought to be, appear as, pass for (nom.; also with iva), [ib.]; to be of opinion, think fit or right, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to agree or be of the same opinion with (acc.), [MBh.]; to set the heart or mind on, honour, esteem (with na, disdain), hope or wish for (acc. or gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to think of (in prayer &c., either ‘to remember, meditate on’, or ‘mention, declare’, or ‘excogitate, invent’), [RV.]; [AV.]; to perceive, observe, learn, know, understand, comprehend (acc., Ved. also gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to offer, present, [MBh.] : Caus. ([Dhātup. xxxiv, 36]) mānayati (ep. also °te; aor. amīmanat; Pass. mānyate), to honour, esteem, value highly (also with uru, bahu and sādhu), [AV.] &c. &c.; (Ā.) stambhe, [Dhātup. xxxiii, 35]; garvake, [ib.]; [Vop.] : Desid. ([Dhātup. xxiii, 3]) mīmāṃsate (rarely °ti; amīmāṃsiṣṭhās, [ŚBr.]; mīmāṃsyáte, [AV.]; mimaṃsate, mimaniṣate Gr.), to reflect upon, consider, examine, investigate, [AV.]; [Br.] &c.; to call in question, doubt (‘with regard to’ loc.), [ib.] : Desid. of Desid. mimāmiṣate Gr.: Intens. manmanyate, manmanti, [ib.]

man : [cf. Zd. man; Gk. μένω, μέμονα, Lat. meminisse, monere; Slav. and Lith. minė́ti; Goth. ga-munan; Germ. meinen; Eng. mean.]

kratu : krátu m. (√ 1. kṛ, or 2. kṛ), plan, design, intention, resolution, determination, purpose, [RV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; [BṛĀrUp.]

kratu : desire, will (instr. krátvā, willingly, readily, [RV.]; ékena krátunā, through the mere will, [RV. ii, 13, 11])

kratu : power, ability, [RV.]

kratu : deliberation, consultation, [RV.]; [VS.]

kratu : intelligence, understanding (e.g. bhadrá krátu, right judgement, good understanding; also in conjunction or in comp. or ifc. with dákṣa See krátu-dákṣau and dakṣakratū́), [RV.]; [VS.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.]

kratu : inspiration, enlightenment, [RV.]

kratu : a sacrificial rite or ceremony, sacrifice (as the Aśva-medha sacrifice), offering, worship (also personified, [R. vii, 90, 9]), [AitBr.]; [ŚBr. xi]; [ĀśvŚr.] &c.

kratu : Kratu as intelligence personified (as a son of Brahmā and one of the Prajā-patis or the seven or ten principal Ṛṣis, [Mn. i, 35]; [MBh. i, 2518] & [2568]; [Hariv.] &c.; [N. of a star] [VarBṛS.]; married to Kriyā and father of 60,000 Vālikhilyas, [BhP. iv, 1, 39]; husband of Haya-śirā, [vi, 6, 33])

kratu : N. of one of the Viśve-devās, [VP.]

kratu : of a son of Kṛṣṇa, [BhP. x, 61, 12]

kratu : of a son of Ūru and Āgneyī, [Hariv. 73]

kratu : of the author of a Dharma-śāstra, [Parāś.]; [Śūdradh.]

kratu : krátu m. or f. (?), N. of a river in Plakṣa-dvīpa (v.l. kramu), [VP.] [cf. a-, ádbhuta-, abhí-, &c.; cf. also κράτος.]