1.97.8
स नः॒ सिन्धु॑मिव ना॒वयाति॑ पर्षा स्व॒स्तये॑
अप॑ नः॒ शोशु॑चद॒घम्
1.97.8
sá naḥ síndhum iva nāváyā-
-áti parṣā svastáye
ápa naḥ śóśucad aghám
1.97.8
saḥfrom sá- ~ tá-
from síndhu-
from áti
from √pr̥-
from svastí-
from ápa
from √śuc-
1.97.8
As in a ship, convey thou us for our advantage o'er the flood. May his light chase our sin away.
1.97.8
Do thou carry us across (evil) to welfare, as across a stream with a boat 1—driving away evil with thy light.
| Source index | Surface | Lemma | Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.97.8 | sá sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin). sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯) sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2). sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake sa : air, wind sa : a bird sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva sa : n. knowledge sa : meditation sa : a carriage road sa : a fence. sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá). sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c. sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.] sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’ sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c. sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.] sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following). sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2. sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : 🔎 sá | sá- ~ tá- sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin). sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯) sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2). sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake sa : air, wind sa : a bird sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva sa : n. knowledge sa : meditation sa : a carriage road sa : a fence. sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá). sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c. sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.] sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’ sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c. sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.] sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following). sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2. sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) : 🔎 sá- ~ tá- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.97.8 | naḥ | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | pronounPLACC |
| 1.97.8 | síndhum | síndhu- sindhu : síndhu m. and f. (prob. fr. √ 1. sidh, ‘to go’) a river, stream (esp. the Indus, and in this sense said to be the only river regarded as m. See -nada, col. 2), [RV.] &c. &c. sindhu : síndhu m. flood, waters (also in the sky), [RV.]; [AV.] sindhu : ocean, sea, [RV.] &c. &c. sindhu : a symbolical term for the number 4 (cf. 1. samudra), [Gaṇit.] sindhu : N. of Varuṇa (as god of the ocean), [MW.] sindhu : the moisture of the lips, [Kum.] sindhu : water ejected from an elephant's trunk (= vamathu), [L.] sindhu : the exudation from an elephant's temples, [L.] sindhu : the country around the Indus (commonly called Sindh; pl. ‘the inhabitants of Sindh’), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. sindhu : a king of Sindh (?), [Cat.] sindhu : N. of Viṣṇu, [RV.]; [MBh.] sindhu : white or refined borax (= śveta-ṭaṅkaṇa), [L.] sindhu : = sindhuka, [L.] sindhu : (in music) a partic. Rāga, [Saṃgītas.] sindhu : N. of a king of the Gandharvas, [R.] sindhu : of a serpent-demon, [Buddh.] sindhu : of various men, [Rājat.] 🔎 síndhu- | nominal stemSGFACC |
| 1.97.8 | iva iva : ind. (fr. pronominal base 3. i), like, in the same manner as (in this sense = yathā, and used correlatively to tathā) iva : as it were, as if (e.g. patheva, as if on a path) iva : in a certain manner, in some measure, a little, perhaps (in qualification or mitigation of a strong assertion) iva : nearly, almost, about (e.g. muhūrtam iva, almost an hour) iva : so, just so, just, exactly, indeed, very (especially after words which involve some restriction, e.g. īṣad iva, just a little; kiṃcid iva, just a little bit: and after a negation, e.g. na cirād iva, very soon). is connected vaguely, and somewhat pleonastically, with an interrogative pronoun or adverb (e.g. kim iva, what? katham iva, how could that possibly be? kveva, where, I should like to know?). In the Pada texts of the Ṛg, Yajur, and Atharva-veda, and by native grammarians, is considered to be enclitic, and therefore compounded with the word after which it stands, [RV.]; [AV.]; &c. 🔎 iva | iva iva : ind. (fr. pronominal base 3. i), like, in the same manner as (in this sense = yathā, and used correlatively to tathā) iva : as it were, as if (e.g. patheva, as if on a path) iva : in a certain manner, in some measure, a little, perhaps (in qualification or mitigation of a strong assertion) iva : nearly, almost, about (e.g. muhūrtam iva, almost an hour) iva : so, just so, just, exactly, indeed, very (especially after words which involve some restriction, e.g. īṣad iva, just a little; kiṃcid iva, just a little bit: and after a negation, e.g. na cirād iva, very soon). is connected vaguely, and somewhat pleonastically, with an interrogative pronoun or adverb (e.g. kim iva, what? katham iva, how could that possibly be? kveva, where, I should like to know?). In the Pada texts of the Ṛg, Yajur, and Atharva-veda, and by native grammarians, is considered to be enclitic, and therefore compounded with the word after which it stands, [RV.]; [AV.]; &c. 🔎 iva | invariable |
| 1.97.8 | nāváyā | nāvā́- | nominal stemSGFINS |
| 1.97.8 | áti ati : áti ind. [probably neut. of an obsolete adj. atin, passing, going, beyond; see √ at, and cf. Old Germ. anti, unti, inti, unde, indi, &c.; Eng. and; Germ. und; Gk. ἔτι, ἀντί, Lat. ante; Lith. ant; Arm. ti; Zend aitì]. ati : As a prefix to verbs and their derivatives, expresses beyond, over, and, if not standing by itself, leaves the accent on the verb or its derivative; as, ati-kram (√ kram), to overstep, Ved. Inf. ati-kráme, (fit) to be walked on, to be passed, [RV. i, 105, 16], ati-krámaṇa n. See s.v. When prefixed to nouns, not derived from verbs, it expresses beyond, surpassing, as, ati-kaśa, past the whip, ati-mānuṣa, superhuman, &c. See s.v. ati : As a separable adverb or preposition (with acc.), Ved. beyond (with gen.) over, at the top of [RV.]; [AV.] ati : is often prefixed to nouns and adjectives, and rarely to verbs, in the sense excessive, extraordinary, intense; ati : excessively, too ati : exceedingly, very ati : in such compounds the accent is generally on áti. 🔎 áti | áti ati : áti ind. [probably neut. of an obsolete adj. atin, passing, going, beyond; see √ at, and cf. Old Germ. anti, unti, inti, unde, indi, &c.; Eng. and; Germ. und; Gk. ἔτι, ἀντί, Lat. ante; Lith. ant; Arm. ti; Zend aitì]. ati : As a prefix to verbs and their derivatives, expresses beyond, over, and, if not standing by itself, leaves the accent on the verb or its derivative; as, ati-kram (√ kram), to overstep, Ved. Inf. ati-kráme, (fit) to be walked on, to be passed, [RV. i, 105, 16], ati-krámaṇa n. See s.v. When prefixed to nouns, not derived from verbs, it expresses beyond, surpassing, as, ati-kaśa, past the whip, ati-mānuṣa, superhuman, &c. See s.v. ati : As a separable adverb or preposition (with acc.), Ved. beyond (with gen.) over, at the top of [RV.]; [AV.] ati : is often prefixed to nouns and adjectives, and rarely to verbs, in the sense excessive, extraordinary, intense; ati : excessively, too ati : exceedingly, very ati : in such compounds the accent is generally on áti. 🔎 áti | invariablelocal particle:LP |
| 1.97.8 | parṣa + parṣa : parṣá m. (√ parṣ, pṛṣ ?) a bundle, sheaf, [RV. x, 48, 7] ([Nir. iii, 10]). parṣa : mfn. = paruṣa, rough, violent (as wind), [BhP.] 🔎 parṣa + | √pr̥- pṛ : cl. 3. P. ([Dhātup. xxv, 4]) píparti (3. pl. píprati, [RV.]; Impv. pipṛhi, [BhP.]; para, [VS.]; cl. 9. P. pṛṇāti, ‘to protect’, [Dhātup. xxxi, 19]; pf. 3. pl. pipruḥ, [BhP.] [= pūrṇāḥ, Sch.]; aor. Subj. parṣi, parṣati, parṣa, pāriṣat, [RV.] ; apārīt, [Bhaṭṭ.]; inf. parṣáṇi, [RV.]), to bring over or to (acc.), bring out of, deliver from (abl.), rescue, save, protect, escort, further, promote, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚāṅkhGṛ.]; [BhP.]; [Bhaṭṭ.]; to surpass, excel (acc.), [RV. viii, 50, 8]; [AV. xi, 5, 1]; [2]; to be able (with inf.), [BhP.] : Caus. pāráyati (ep. and mc. also °te; aor. apīparat; Pass. pāryate), to bring over or out, rescue, protect, save, preserve, keep alive, [RV.] &c. &c.; to get over, overcome, bring to an end, [ib.]; to resist, withstand, be a match for (acc.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to be capable of or able to (with an inf. which after pāryate has a pass. sense; cf. √ śak and [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 66], Sch.), [Kāv.]; [Pur.] &c. pṛ : [cf. Gk. περάω, πόρος, πορεύεσθαι; Lat. porta, peritus; Slav. pirati; Germ. fahren; Eng. to fare.] pṛ : cl. 5. P., cl. 6. Ā. pṛṇoti or priyate ([Dhātup. xxvii, 12]; [xxviii, 109]), to be busy or active (only in ā-√ pṛ and vy-ā-√ pṛ, q.v.) 🔎 √pr̥- | rootSGAORACT2IMP |
| 1.97.8 | svastáye | svastí- svasti : sv-astí n. f. (nom. svastí, °tís; acc. svastí, °tím; instr. svastí, °tyā́; dat. svastáye; loc. svastaú; instr. svastíbhis; also personified as a goddess, and sometimes as Kalā cf. svasti-devī), well-being, fortune, luck, success, prosperity, [RV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; [R.]; [BhP.] svasti : sv-astí (í), ind. well, happily, successfully (also = ‘may it be well with thee! hail! health! adieu! be it!’ a term of salutation [esp. in the beginning of letters] or of sanction or approbation), [RV.]; &c. 🔎 svastí- | nominal stemSGFDAT |
| 1.97.8 | ápa apa : ápa ind. (as a prefix to nouns and verbs, expresses) away, off, back (opposed to úpa, ánu, sam, pra) apa : down (opposed to ud). apa : When prefixed to nouns, it may sometimes = the neg. particle a, e.g. apa-bhī, fearless; or may express deterioration, inferiority, &c. (cf. apa-pāṭha). apa : (As a separable particle or adverb in Ved., with abl.) away from, on the outside of, without, with the exception of apa : [cf. Gk. ἀπό; Lat. ab; Goth. af; Eng. of]. 🔎 ápa | ápa apa : ápa ind. (as a prefix to nouns and verbs, expresses) away, off, back (opposed to úpa, ánu, sam, pra) apa : down (opposed to ud). apa : When prefixed to nouns, it may sometimes = the neg. particle a, e.g. apa-bhī, fearless; or may express deterioration, inferiority, &c. (cf. apa-pāṭha). apa : (As a separable particle or adverb in Ved., with abl.) away from, on the outside of, without, with the exception of apa : [cf. Gk. ἀπό; Lat. ab; Goth. af; Eng. of]. 🔎 ápa | invariablelocal particle:LP |
| 1.97.8 | naḥ | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | pronounPL |
| 1.97.8 | śóśucat śośucat : śóśucat mfn. (fr. Intens. of √ śuc) shining very brightly, very splendid, [RV.] 🔎 śóśucat | √śuc- śuc : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. vii, 1]) śocati (Ved. and ep. also °te; once in [ŚBr.] -śucyati [cf. saṃ-√ śuc]; and in [MBh. iii, 2372] śocimi; pf. śuśoca Impv. śuśugdhi Pot. śuśucīta, p. śuśukvás and śuśucāná, aor. aśucat [p. śucát and śucámāna] [RV.]; aśocīt [2. sg. śocīḥ] [Br.]; aśociṣṭa Gr.; Prec. śucyāsam, [ib.]; fut. śoktā or śocitā, [ib.]; śuciṣyati, °te, [MBh.] &c. &c.; inf. śucádhyai, [RV.]; śoktum or śocitum, [MBh.] &c.; ind.p. śocitvā, [MBh.]; śucitvā, [Pāṇ. i, 2, 26]) to shine, flame, gleam, glow, burn, [RV.]; [Br.]; [ĀśvŚr.]; to suffer violent heat or pain, be sorrowful or afflicted, grieve, mourn at or for (loc. or acc. with prati), [TS.] &c. &c.; to bewail, lament, regret (acc.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to be absorbed in deep meditation, [MW.]; (cl. 4. P. Ā. śucyati, °te) to be bright or pure, [Dhātup. xxvi, 56] (cf. Caus. and śuci); to be wet, [ib.]; to decay, be putrid, stink, [ib.] : Pass. (only aor. áśoci) to be kindled, burn, flame, [RV. vii, 67, 2] : Caus. śocáyati, °te (p. śucáyat [q.v.] [RV.]; aor. aśūśucat, śūśucat, [AV.]; [Br.]), to set on fire, burn, [RV.]; [TBr.]; to cause to suffer pain, afflict, distress, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; to feel pain or sorrow, grieve, mourn, [MBh.]; to lament, regret, [Ragh.]; [Rājat.]; to purify, [VarYogay.]; [Kathās.] : Pass. of Caus. śocyate, [Kāv.] : Desid. śuśuciṣati or śuśociṣati, [Pāṇ. i, 2, 26] : Intens. śośucyate, śośokti, to shine or flame brightly Gr. (only śóśucan, [RV. vi, 66, 3]; cf. śóśucat, śóśucāna, śośucyamāna). śuc : śúc mfn. shining, illumining (see tri- and viśva-śúc) śuc : śúc f. flame, glow, heat, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.] śuc : brightness, lustre, [RV.] śuc : (also pl.) pain, sorrow, grief or regret for (comp.), [AV.] &c. &c. śuc : pl. tears, [BhP.] śuc : cl. 4. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxvi, 56]) See under √ 1. . 🔎 √śuc- | rootSGMNOMPRSACTnon-finite:PTCPsecondary conjugation:INT |
| 1.97.8 | aghám | aghá- agha : aghá mfn. bad, dangerous, [RV.] agha : sinful, impure, [BhP.] agha : aghá m. N. of an Asura, [BhP.] agha : aghá n. evil, mishap, [RV.]; [AV.] agha : sin, impurity, [Mn.] &c. agha : pain, suffering, [L.] 🔎 aghá- | nominal stemSGNACC |