stena : stená m. (prob. fr. √ stā) a thief, robber, [RV.] &c. &c.

stena : a kind of perfume, [VarBṛS.], Sch.

stena : thieving, stealing, [MW.]

rāya : See á-rāya.

rāya : m. (at the beginning or end of a proper N. used as a title of honour = rājan, of which it is a corruption) a king, prince

rāya : N. of a son of Purū-ravas, [W.] (prob. w.r. for raya).

rā : (ā), f. (only [L.]) amorous play (= vibhrama)

rā : giving

rā : gold

rā : or rās cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 49]) rā́ti (Ved. also Ā. rāté; Impv. rirīhi, rarāsva, rarīdhvam; p. rarāṇa; 3. sg. rárate and rāsate; pf. rarimá, raré; aor. árāsma Subj. rā́sat &c. Pot. rāsīya; Class. forms are only pr. rāti; fut. rātā, [BhP.]; rāsyati, [Vop.], and inf. rātave, [BhP.]), to grant, give, bestow, impart, yield, surrender, [RV.]; &c.

rā : (ifc.) granting, bestowing, [BhP.]

rā : rā́ f., see rai.

rā : See under 3. ra.

sārameya : sārameyá m. (fr. saramā) a dog (esp. one of the two four-eyed brindled watch-dogs of Yama, conjectured by some to have been originally Indra and Agni), [R.]; [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

sārameya : N. of a son of Śva-phalka, [BhP.]

taskara : táskara m. (for tat-k°, [Nir. iii, 14]; [VPrāt. iii, 51]) a thief, robber, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.] &c. (ifc. f(A). , [Hariv. 5180]; [Kām. iv, 53]; cf. a-taskará; ifc. used as a term of contempt [[Kathās. ci, 140]] [Gaṇar. 114])

taskara : Trigonella corniculata, [Suśr. iv, 37, 15]

taskara : Vangueria spinosa, [L.]

taskara : Ardisia humilis (?), [L.]

taskara : the ear (derived fr. [Ragh. i, 27]), [W.]

taskara : pl. N. of particular Ketus, [VarBṛS. xi, 20]

vā : f. going

vā : hurting

vā : an arrow

vā : weaving

vā : ind. or (excluded, like the Lat. ve, from the first place in a sentence, and generally immediately following, rarely and only m.c. preceding, the word to which it refers), [RV.] &c. &c. (often used in disjunctive sentences; vā-vā, ‘either’ — ‘or’, ‘on the one side’ — ‘on the other’; na vā — or na — , ‘neither’ — ‘nor’; vā na-vā, ‘either not’ — ‘or’; yadi vā-vā, ‘whether’ — ‘or’; in a sentence containing more than two members is nearly always repeated, although if a negative is in the first clause it need not be so repeated; is sometimes interchangeable with ca and api, and is frequently combined with other particles, esp. with atha, atho, uta, kim, yad, yadi, q.v. [e.g. atha vā, ‘or else’]; it is also sometimes used as an expletive)

vā : either-or not, optionally, [KātyŚr.]; [Mn.] &c. (in gram. is used in a rule to denote its being optional, e.g. [Pāṇ. i, 2, 13]; [35] &c.)

vā : as, like (= iva), [PārGṛ.]; [MBh.] &c.

vā : just, even, indeed, very (= eva, laying stress on the preceding word), [KātyŚr.]; [Kāv.]

vā : but even if, even supposing (followed by a future), [Pañc. v, 36/37]

vā : however, nevertheless, [Bādar.]; [Bālar.]

vā : (after a rel. or interr.) possibly, perhaps, I dare say, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. (e.g. kiṃ vā śakuntalety asya mātur ākhyā, ‘is his mother's name perhaps Śakuntalā?’, [Śak. vii, 20/21]; ko vā or ke vā followed by a negative may in such cases be translated by ‘every one, all’ e.g. ke vā na syuḥ paribhava-padaṃ niṣphalāram-bha-yatnāḥ, ‘everybody whose efforts are fruitless is an object of contempt’, [Megh. 55]).

vā : cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 42]) vā́ti (pf. vavau, [Br.]; [MBh.] &c.; aor. avāsīt, [Br.]; fut. vāsyati, [Megh.]; inf. vātum, [Hariv.]), to blow (as the wind), [RV.] &c. &c.; to procure or bestow anything (acc.) by blowing, [RV. i, 89, 4]; to blow towards or upon (acc.), [MBh. xii, 2798]; to emit an odour, be diffused (as perfume), [ŚBr.]; to smell (trans.), [Vikr. iv, 41] (v.l.); to hurt, injure, [Vop.] : Caus. vāpayati, see nir-√ vā and cf. vājaya: Desid. vivāsati See √ 1. van.

vā : [cf. Gk. ἄημι for ϝαημι; Lat. ventus; Slav. vejati; Goth. waian, winds; Germ. wâjan, wæjen, wehen, Wind; Angl.Sax. wâwan; Eng. wind.]

punaḥsara : punaḥ—sará mf(A/)n. running back, [RV.]

punaḥsara : punaḥ—sará (accord. to some also, ‘attacking’ or ‘defending’).

punaḥsara : N. of the Achyranthes, Aspera (the flowers of which are turned back), [AV.]

indra : índra m. (for etym. as given by native authorities See [Nir. x, 8]; [Sāy.] on [RV. i, 3, 4]; [Uṇ. ii, 28]; according to [BRD.] fr. in = √ inv with suff. ra preceded by inserted d, meaning ‘to subdue, conquer’ ; according to [Muir, S. T. v, 119], for sindra fr. √ syand, ‘to drop’; more probably from √ ind, ‘to drop’ q.v., and connected with indu above), the god of the atmosphere and sky

indra : the Indian Jupiter Pluvius or lord of rain (who in Vedic mythology reigns over the deities of the intermediate region or atmosphere; he fights against and conquers with his thunder-bolt [vajra] the demons of darkness, and is in general a symbol of generous heroism; was not originally lord of the gods of the sky, but his deeds were most useful to mankind, and he was therefore addressed in prayers and hymns more than any other deity, and ultimately superseded the more lofty and spiritual Varuṇa; in the later mythology is subordinated to the triad Brahman, Viṣṇu, and Śiva, but remained the chief of all other deities in the popular mind), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [R.] &c. &c.

indra : (he is also regent of the east quarter, and considered one of the twelve Ādityas), [Mn.]; [R.]; [Suśr.] &c.

indra : in the Vedānta he is identified with the supreme being

indra : a prince

indra : ifc. best, excellent, the first, the chief (of any class of objects; cf. surendra, rājendra, parvatendra, &c.), [Mn.]; [Hit.]

indra : the pupil of the right eye (that of the left being called Indrāṇī or Indra's wife), [ŚBr.]; [BṛĀrUp.]

indra : the number fourteen, [Sūryas.]

indra : N. of a grammarian

indra : of a physician

indra : the plant Wrightia Antidysenterica (see kuṭaja), [L.]

indra : a vegetable poison, [L.]

indra : the twenty-sixth Yoga or division of a circle on the plane of the ecliptic

indra : the Yoga star in the twenty-sixth Nakṣatra, γ Pegasi

indra : the human soul, the portion of spirit residing in the body

indra : night, [L.]

indra : one of the nine divisions of Jambu-dvīpa or the known continent, [L.]

rā : (ā), f. (only [L.]) amorous play (= vibhrama)

rā : giving

rā : gold

rā : or rās cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 49]) rā́ti (Ved. also Ā. rāté; Impv. rirīhi, rarāsva, rarīdhvam; p. rarāṇa; 3. sg. rárate and rāsate; pf. rarimá, raré; aor. árāsma Subj. rā́sat &c. Pot. rāsīya; Class. forms are only pr. rāti; fut. rātā, [BhP.]; rāsyati, [Vop.], and inf. rātave, [BhP.]), to grant, give, bestow, impart, yield, surrender, [RV.]; &c.

rā : (ifc.) granting, bestowing, [BhP.]

rā : rā́ f., see rai.

rā : See under 3. ra.

kim : kím ind. (fr. 1. ki, originally nom. and acc. sg. n. of 2. ká, q.v.), what? how? whence? wherefore? why?

kim : is much used as a particle of interrogation like the Lat. num, an, sometimes translatable by ‘whether?’ but oftener serving only like a note of interrogation to mark a question (e.g. kiṃ vyādhā vane 'smin saṃcaranti, ‘do hunters roam about in this wood?’ In an interrogation the verb, if uncompounded with a preposition, generally retains its accent after , [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 44]). To this sense may be referred the expressing inferiority, deficiency, &c. at the beginning of compounds (e.g. kiṃ-rājan, what sort of king? i.e. a bad king, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 64]; [v, 4, 70])

kim : also the prefixed to verbs with a similar meaning (e.g. kim-adhīte, he reads badly, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 44],[Kāś.]) —uta, or —uta-vā or —athavā—uta, whether—or—or, [R.]; [Śak.]; [Bhartṛ.] &c. (cf. utá.)

kim : is very frequently connected with other particles, as follows: kím aṅgá, wherefore then? [RV.]

kim : atha kim. See átha

kim : kim api, somewhat, to a considerable extent, rather, much more, still further, [Śak.]; [Megh.] &c.

kim : kim iti, why? [Śak.]; [Kum.]; [Pañcat.] &c.

kim : kim-iva, what for? [Śiś. xvi, 31]

kim : kím-u or kím-utá how much more? how much less? [RV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c.

kim : kiṃ kila, what a pity! (expressing dissatisfaction), [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 146]

kim : kiṃ-ca, moreover, further, [Pañcat.]; [Kathās.] &c.

kim : what more (expressing impatience), [Śak.]

kim : kiṃ-cana (originally -ca na, negative = ‘in no way’), to a certain degree, a little, [Kathās.]

kim : (with a negation) in no way, not at all, [MBh. i, 6132]

kim : kiṃ-cid, somewhat, a little, [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

kim : kiṃ tarhi, how then? but, however, [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 4], [Pat.]; [iv, 1, 163], [Kāś.]

kim : kiṃ-tu, but, however, nevertheless (bearing the same relation to tu that kiṃ-ca bears to ca), [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

kim : kiṃ-nu, whether indeed? (a stronger interrogative than alone), [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

kim : how much more? how much less? [Bhag. i, 35]

kim : kiṃ nu khalu, how possibly? (a still stronger interrogative), [Śak.]

kim : kim punar, how much more? how much less? [R.]; [Bhag. ix, 33] &c.

kim : however, [Bālar.]

kim : but, [ib.]

kim : kiṃ vā, whether? or whether? [Śak.]; [Pañcat.] &c.

kim : or (often a mere particle of interrogation)

kim : kíṃ svid, why? [Kathās. xxvi, 75]

kim : a stronger interrogative than alone, [RV.]; [MBh.]; [Kathās.]

kim : (in comp.)

ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king).

ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]);

ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.]

ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?)

ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?)

ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c.

ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c.

ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20]

ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10]

ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.]

ka : of Yama, [L.]

ka : of Garuḍa

ka : the soul, [Tattvas.]

ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.]

ka : the sun, [L.]

ka : fire, [L.]

ka : splendour, light, [L.]

ka : air, [L.]

ka : a peacock, [L.]

ka : the body, [L.]

ka : time, [L.]

ka : wealth, [L.]

ka : sound, [L.]

ka : a king, [L.]

ka : = kāma-granthi (?)

ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c.

ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c.

ka : the head

ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.]

ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.)

ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse).

aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c.

aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.]

aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az].

ni : ní ind. down, back, in, into, within (except, [AV. x, 8, 7] always prefixed either to verbs or to nouns; in the latter case it has also the meaning of negation or privation [cf. ‘down-hearted’ = heartless]; sometimes w.r. for nis)

ni : it may also express kṣepa, dāna, upa-rama, ā-śraya, mokṣa &c., [L.]

ni : [cf. Zd. ni; Gk. ἐ-νί; Slav. ni-zu; Germ., ni-dar, ni-der, nieder; Angl.Sax. ni-ther, Eng. ne-ther, be-neath.]

ni : (for nī) mfn. See ṛta-ní.

ni : (in music) the 7th note (for niṣadha).

su : cl. 1. P. Ā. savati, °te, to go, move, [Dhātup. xxii, 42] ([Vop.] sru).

su : (= √ 1. sū) cl. 1. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxii, 43] and [xxiv, 32]; savati, sauti, only in 3. sg. pr. sauti and 2. sg. Impv. suhi) to urge, impel, incite, [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; to possess supremacy, [Dhātup.]

su : cl. 5. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxvii, 1]) sunóti, sunute (in [RV.] 3. pl. sunvánti, sunviré [with pass. sense] and suṣvati; p. sunvát or sunvāná [the latter with act. and pass. sense] [ib.]; pf. suṣāva, suṣuma &c., [ib.]; [MBh.]; p. in Veda suṣuvás and suṣvāṇá [the later generally with pass. sense; accord. to [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. iii, 2, 106], also suṣuvāṇa with act. sense]; aor. accord. to Gr. asāvīt or asauṣīt, asoṣṭa or asaviṣṭa; in [RV.] also Impv. sótu, sutám, and p. [mostly pass.] suvāná [but the spoken form is svāná and so written in [SV.], suv° in [RV.]]; and 3. pl. asuṣavuḥ, [AitBr.]; fut. sotā, [ib.]; soṣyati, [KātyŚr.]; saviṣyati, [ŚBr.]; inf. sótave, sótos, [RV.] : [Br.]; sotum Gr.; ind.p. -sútya, [Br.]; -sūya, [MBh.]), to press out, extract (esp. the juice from the Soma plant for libations), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; [Up.]; [MBh.]; to distil, prepare (wine, spirits &c.) Sch. on [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 132] : Pass. sūyáte (in [RV.] also Ā. 3. sg. sunve and 3. pl. sunviré with pass. sense; aor. ásāvi, [ib.]) : Caus. -sāvayati or -ṣāvayati (see abhi-ṣu and pra-√ su; aor. asūṣavat, accord. to some asīṣavat) Gr.: Desid. of Caus. suṣāvayiṣati, [ib.] : Desid. susūṣati, °te, [ib.] : Intens. soṣūyate, soṣavīti, soṣoti, [ib.]

su : (= √ 2. sū), (only in 3. sg. sauti See pra-√ sū) to beget, bring forth.

su : sú ind. (opp. to dus and corresponding in sense to Gk. εὖ; perhaps connected with 1. vásu, and, accord. to some, with pron. base sa, as ku with ka; in Veda also sū́ and liable to become ṣu or ṣū and to lengthen a preceding vowel, while a following na may become ṇa; it may be used as an adj. or adv.), good, excellent, right, virtuous, beautiful, easy, well, rightly, much, greatly, very, any, easily, willingly, quickly (in older language often with other particles; esp. with u, = ‘forthwith, immediately’; with mo i.e. mā u, = ‘never, by no means’ ; sú kam often emphatically with an Impv., e.g. tíṣṭhā sú kam maghavan mā́ parā gāḥ, ‘do tarry O Maghavan, go not past’, [RV. iii, 53, 2]; always qualifies the meaning of a verb and is never used independently at the beginning of a verse; in later language it is rarely a separate word, but is mostly prefixed to substantives, adjectives, adverbs and participles, exceptionally also to an ind.p., e.g. su-baddhvā, ‘having well bound’, [Mṛcch. x, 50]; or even to a finite verb, e.g. su-nirvavau, [Śiś. vi, 58]), [RV.] &c.;

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following).

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following, in which the initial ṣ stands for an orig. s) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

su : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

svap : cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 60]) svapiti (Ved. and ep. also svápati, °te; Impv. sváptu, [AV.]; Pot. svapīta, [MBh.]; pf. suṣvāpa [3. pl. suṣupuḥ; p. suṣupvás and suṣupāṇá, qq.vv.] [RV.] &c. &c.; aor. asvāpsīt; Prec. supyāt, [GṛS.] fut. svaptā, [MBh.]; svapiṣyati, [AV.]; °te, [R.]; svapsyati, [Br.] &c.; °te, [MBh.] &c.; inf. svaptum, [Br.] &c.; ind.p. suptvā́, [AV.] &c., -svā́pam, [RV.]), to sleep, fall asleep (with varṣa-śatam, ‘to sleep for a hundred years, sleep the eternal sleep’), [RV.] &c. &c.; to lie down, recline upon (loc.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to be dead, [MBh.]; [R.]; Pass. supyate (aor. asvāpi), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; Caus. svāpáyati, or (mc.) svapayati (aor. asūṣupat; in [RV.] also siṣvapaḥ, síṣvap; Pass. svāpyate), to cause to sleep, lull to rest, [RV.]; [AV.]; [PañcavBr.]; to kill, [RV.]; [Bhaṭṭ.] : Desid. of Caus. suṣvāpayiṣati Gr.: Desid. suṣupsati, to wish to sleep, [Nir. xiv, 4] : Intens. soṣupyate, sāsvapīti, sāsvapti, soṣupīti, soṣopti Gr.

svap : [cf. Gk. ὕπ-νος; Lat. somnus for sop-nus, sopor, sopire; Slav. sǔpati; Lith. sápnas; Angl.Sax. swefan, ‘to sleep’.]

svap : sv-ap mfn. having good water, [Vop.]