ayam : ayám this one. See idám.

prathama : prathamá mf(A/)n. (for pra-tama, superl. of 1. pra; rarely declined as a pron., e.g. °másyāḥ, [AV. vi, 18, 1]; °me, [PañcavBr. xxv, 18, 5]; [R. iv, 37, 11]; [Kir. ii, 44]; cf. [Pāṇ. i, 1, 33]) foremost, first (in time or in a series or in rank)

prathama : earliest, primary, original, prior, former

prathama : preceding, initial, chief, principal, most excellent, [RV.] &c. &c.

prathama : often translatable adverbially = ibc. (cf. below) and (am ind.) firstly, at first, for the first time

prathama : just, newly, at once, forthwith (also āt, [Hariv.])

prathama : formerly, previously (am also as prep. with gen. = before, e.g. [Mn. ii, 194]; prathamam-anantaram or paścāt, first—afterwards; prathamam-tatas, first—next)

prathama : prathamá m. (in gram., scil. varṇa), the first consonant of a Varga, a surd unaspirated letter

prathama : (scil. puruṣa), the first (= our 3rd) person or its terminations

prathama : (scil. svara), the first tone

prathama : in math. the sum of the products divided by the difference between the squares of the cosine of the azimuth and the sine of the amplitude

paśyata : mfn. visible, conspicuous, [AV.]

spaś : (cf. √ paś; only occurring in pf. paspaśe, p. paspaśāná; aor. áspaṣṭa), to see, behold, perceive, espy, [RV.] : Caus. spāśayati ([ĀpŚr.]) and spāśáyate ([RV.]), to make clear, show; to perceive, observe.

spaś : [cf. Gk. σκέπ-τομαι, σκοπ-ή; Lat. spicio; Germ. spëhôn, spähen; Eng. spy.]

spaś : spáś m. one who looks or beholds, a watcher, spy, messenger (esp. applied to the messengers of Varuṇa), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]

spaś : [cf. Lat. spex in auspex; Gk. σκώψ.]

spaś : (cf. √ paś) cl. 1. P. Ā. spaśati, °te (p. paspāśa, paspaśe; fut. spaśitā &c.), to bind, fetter, stop, hinder, [Dhātup. xxi, 22] : Caus. spāśayati (aor. apaspaśat) Gr.: Desid. pispaśiṣati, °te, [ib.] : Intens. pāspaśyate, pāspaṣṭi, [ib.]

spaś : (v.l. sparś; connected with √ 1. spṛś) cl. 10. P. spāśayati, to take or take hold of [Dhātup. xxxiii, 7]; to unite, join, embrace, [ib.]

ayam : ayám this one. See idám.

idam : idám ayám, iyám, idám (fr. id, [Uṇ. iv, 156]; g. sarvādi, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 27]; [Vop.]; a kind of neut. of the pronom. base 3. i with am [cf. Lat. is, ea, id, and idem]; the regular forms are partly derived from the pronom. base a; see [Gr. 224]; the Veda exhibits various irregular formations, e.g. fr. pronom. base a, an inst. enā́, ayā́ [used in general adverbially], and gen. loc. du. ayós, and perhaps also avós, in [RV. vi, 67, 11]; [vii, 67, 4]; [x, 132, 5] [[BRD.]]; fr. the base ima, a gen. sing. imásya, only, [RV.]; the [RV.] has in a few instances the irregular accentuation ásmai, [v, 39, 5], &c.; ásya, [iv, 15, 5], &c.; ā́bhis, [vi, 25, 2], &c. : the forms derived fr. a are used enclitically if they take the place of the third personal pronoun, do not stand at the beginning of a verse or period, and have no peculiar stress laid upon them), this, this here, referring to something near the speaker

idam : known, present

idam : (opposed to adas, e.g. ayaṃ lokaḥ or idaṃ viśvam or idaṃ sarvam, this earthly world, this universe; ayam agniḥ, this fire which burns on the earth; but asāv agniḥ, that fire in the sky, i.e. the lightning: so also or iyam alone sometimes signifies ‘this earth’; ime smaḥ, here we are.) often refers to something immediately following, whereas etad points to what precedes (e.g. śrutvaitad idam ūcuḥ, having heard that they said this). occurs connected with yad, tad, etad, kim, and a personal pronoun, partly to point out anything more distinctly and emphatically, partly pleonastically (e.g. tad idaṃ vākyam, this speech here following ; so 'yaṃ vidūṣakaḥ, this Vidūṣaka here).

idam : idám ind. [Ved. and in a few instances in classical Sanskṛt] here, to this place

idam : now, even, just

idam : there

idam : with these words, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.]; [ChUp.]

idam : in this manner, [R. ii, 53, 31]; [Śak.] (v.l. for iti in kim iti joṣam āsyate, [202, 8]).

ayam : ayám this one. See idám.

jyotiḥ : in comp. for °tis.

jyotis : jyótis n. light (of the sun, dawn, fire, lightning, &c.; also pl.), brightness (of the sky), [RV.] &c. (trī́ṇi jyótīṃṣi, light appearing in the 3 worlds, viz. on earth, in the intermediate region, and in the sky or heaven [the last being called uttamá, [VS. xx]; [AV. xviii]; or úttara, [i, 9, l]; or tṛtī́ya, [RV. x, 56, 1]] [VS. viii, 36]; [AV. ix, 5, 8]; [MBh. iii]; also personified as ‘fire’ on earth, ‘ether or air’ in the intermediate region, and ‘sun’ in the sky, [ŚBr. xi, 5, 8, 2]; [ŚāṅkhŚr. xvi, 21, 2], &c.; ‘fire, sun and moon’, [Bhag. xv, 12])

jyotis : fire, flash of lightning, [Megh.]; [Śak.]

jyotis : moonlight, [RV. iii, 34, 4]; [AV. iv, 18, 1]

jyotis : (pl.), [ŚBr. x] and [R. i, 35, 16]

jyotis : eye-light, [RV. i, 117, 17]

jyotis : the eye, [MBh. i, 6853]; [Ragh.]; [BhP. ix]

jyotis : du. sun and moon, [Gobh. iii, 3, 18]; [Śatr. i, 28]

jyotis : pl. the heavenly bodies, planets and stars, [Mn.]; [Bhag.] &c. (°tiṣām ayana n. course or movements of the heavenly bodies, science of those movements [= °tiṣa], [Lāṭy. iv, 8, 1]; [Śikṣ.])

jyotis : sg. the light of heaven, celestial world, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr. xiv, 7, 2]

jyotis : light as the divine principle of life or source of intelligence, intelligence, [RV. vi, 9, 6]; [VS. xxiv, 3]; [AV. xvi]; [Bhag.]

jyotis : (pauruṣaj° ‘human intelligence’), [Sarvad.]

jyotis : (para j°, ‘highest light or truth’), [RāmatUp.] & [Sarvad.]

jyotis : light as the type of freedom or bliss or victory (cf. ϕάος, ϕῶς and Lat. lux), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr. xiv]; [Suśr.]

jyotis : N. of several Ekāhas, [TS. vii]; [ŚBr. xii f.] &c.

jyotis : of certain formularies containing the word , [Lāṭy. i, 8, 13]

jyotis : a metre of 32 short and 16 long syllables

jyotis : = °tiṣa, science of the movements of the heavenly bodies, [L.]

jyotis : a mystical N. for the letter r, [RāmatUp.]

jyotis : jyótis m. fire, [L.]

jyotis : the sun, [L.]

jyotis : Trigonella foenum graecum, [L.]

jyotis : N. of a Marut, [Hariv. 11545]

jyotis : of a son of Manu Svārociṣa, 429

jyotis : of a Prajā-pati, [VP.]

jyotis : cf. dákṣiṇā-, śukrá-, sa-, híraṇya-, &c.

amṛta : a-mṛ́ta mfn. (cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 2, 116]) not dead, [MBh.]

amṛta : immortal, [RV.] &c.

amṛta : imperishable, [RV.]; [VS.]

amṛta : beautiful, beloved, [L.]

amṛta : a-mṛ́ta m. an immortal, a god, [RV.] &c.

amṛta : N. of Śiva

amṛta : of Viṣṇu, [MBh. xiii]

amṛta : of Dhanvantari, [L.]

amṛta : the plant Phaseolus Trilobus Ait.

amṛta : the root of a plant, [L.]

amṛta : a-mṛ́ta n. collective body of immortals, [RV.]

amṛta : a-mṛ́ta n. world of immortality, heaven, eternity, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.] (also āni n. pl. [RV. i, 72, 1] and [iii, 38, 4])

amṛta : a-mṛ́ta n. immortality, [RV.]

amṛta : final emancipation, [L.]

amṛta : the nectar (conferring immortality, produced at the churning of the ocean), ambrosia, [RV.] (or the voice compared to it, N. [Ragh.])

amṛta : nectar-like food

amṛta : antidote against poison, [Suśr.]

amṛta : N. of a medicament, [Śiś. ix, 36]; medicament in general, [Buddh.]

amṛta : the residue of a sacrifice (cf. amṛta-bhuj)

amṛta : unsolicited alms, [Mn. iv, 4] and [5], water, [Naigh.]

amṛta : milk, [L.] clarified butter, [L.] (cf. pañāmṛta), boiled rice, [L.]

amṛta : anything sweet, a sweetmeat, [R. vii, 7, 3]

amṛta : a pear, [L.]

amṛta : food, [L.], property, [L.]

amṛta : gold, [L.]

amṛta : quicksilver, [L.]

amṛta : poison, [L.]

amṛta : a particular poison, [L.]

amṛta : a ray of light, [Ragh. x, 59] N. of a metre, [RPrāt.]

amṛta : of a sacred place (in the north), [Hariv. 14095], of various conjunctions of planets (supposed to confer long life), [L.]

amṛta : the number, ‘four’, [L.]

martya : mártya mfn. who or what must die, mortal, [Br.]; [Kauś.]

martya : mártya m. a mortal, man, person, [RV.] &c. &c.

martya : the world of mortals, the earth, [L.]

martya : mártya n. that which is mortal, the body, [BhP.]

ayam : ayám this one. See idám.

sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin).

sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯)

sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2).

sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake

sa : air, wind

sa : a bird

sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva

sa : n. knowledge

sa : meditation

sa : a carriage road

sa : a fence.

sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá).

sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.]

sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’

sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c.

sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.]

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following).

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2.

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

jan : cl. 1. [[RV.]; [AV.]] and cl. 10. jánati, °te (Subj. janat, [RV.]; °nāt, [AV. vi, 81, 3]; Ā. °nata, [RV. x, 123, 7]; impf. ájanat, [RV.]; p. jánat), janáyati, °te (in later language only P. [Pāṇ. i, 3, 86]; Subj. °náyat; impf. ájanayat; aor. ájījanat; p. janáyat; inf. jánayitavai, [ŚBr. xiv]), twice cl. 3. (Subj. jajánat, [MaitrS. i, 3, 20] and [9, 1] [[Kāṭh. ix, 8]]; cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 1, 192] and [vii, 4, 78], [Kāś.]; pr. jajanti, [Dhātup. xxv, 24]; aor. Ā. jániṣṭa; Ā. ájani, [RV. ii, 34, 2]; perf. jajā́na; 3. pl. jajñúr, [RV.] &c.; once jajanúr, [viii, 97, 10]; p. °jñivas; Ved. inf. jánitos, [iv, 6, 7]; [AitBr.]; [ŚBr. iii]; [[Pāṇ. iii, 4, 6]]; Ved. ind.p. °nitvī́, [RV. x, 65, 7]) to generate, beget, produce, create, cause, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; to produce (a song of praise, &c.), [RV.]; (cl. 10. or Caus.) to cause to be born, [AV. vii, 19, 1]; [xiii, 1, 19]; [VarBṛ. xiv, 1]; [xix]; to assign, procure, [RV.]; [VS. xix, 94]; cl. 4. jā́yate (ep. also °ti; impf. ájāyata; pr.p. jayamāna; fut. janiṣyate; aor. ájaniṣṭa; 1. [[RV. viii, 6, 10]] and 3. sg. ájani; 3. sg. jáni, [i, 141, 1]; jā́ni, [7, 36]; perf. jajñé, 2. sg. °jñiṣé, 3. pl. °jñiré, p. °jñāná) and [[RV.]] cl. 2. (?) Ā. (2. sg. janiṣé, 2. pl. °nidhve, Impv. °niṣvā [[vi, 15, 18]], °nidhvam, cf. [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 78]; impf. 3. p. ajñata [aor., [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 80]], [AitBr.]), twice cl. 1. Ā. (impf. 3. pl. ajanatā, [RV. iv, 5, 5]; p. jánamāna, [viii, 99, 3]) to be born or produced, come into existence, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; to grow (as plants, teeth), [AV. iv f.]; [AitBr. vii, 15]; [ŚBr. xiv]; [KātyŚr.]; [Mn. ix, 38]; [VarBṛS.]; to be born as, be by birth or nature (with double nom.), [MBh. i, 11, 14]; [Pañcat. iv, 1, 5]; to be born or destined for (acc.), [RV. iv, 5, 5]; [MuṇḍUp. iii, 1, 10] (v.l. jayate for jāy°); to be born again, [Mn. iv], [ix], [xi f.]; [MBh. i], [iii], [xiii]; [Hit. Introd. 14]; to become, be, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; to be changed into (dat.), [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 13], [Kāś.]; to take place, happen, [Vet. i, 11]; [iv, 25]; to be possible or applicable or suitable, [Suśr.]; to generate, produce, [R. iii, 20, 17]; [Caraṇ.] : Pass. janyate, to be born or produced, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 43] : Desid. jijaniṣati, [42], [Kāś.] : Intens. jañjanyate and jājāy°, [43] (cf. [Vop. xx, 17]);

jan : , [cf. γίγνομαι; Lat. gigno, (g)nascor; Hib. genim, ‘I beget, generate’.]

dhruva : dhruvá mf(A/)n. (prob. fr. √ dhṛ, but cf. √ dhru and dhruv) fixed, firm, immovable, unchangeable, constant, lasting, permanent, eternal, [RV.] &c. &c. (e.g. the earth, a mountain, a pillar, a vow &c.; with svāṅga n. an inseparable member of the body, [Pāṇ. vi, 2, 177]; with dhenu f. a cow which stands quiet when milked, [AV. xii, 1, 45]; with diś f. the point of the heavens directly under the feet [reckoned among the quarters of the sky, cf. 2. diś] [AV.]; [Br.]; with smṛti f. a strong or retentive memory, [ChUp. vii, 26, 2]; cf. also under karaṇa and nakṣatra)

dhruva : staying with (loc.), [RV. ix, 101, 12]

dhruva : settled, certain, sure, [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.

dhruva : ifc. = pāpa, [L.]

dhruva : dhruvá m. the polar star (personified as son of Uttāna-pāda and grandson of Manu), [GṛS.]; [MBh.] &c.

dhruva : celestial pole, [Sūryas.]

dhruva : the unchangeable longitude of fixed stars, a constant arc, [ib.]

dhruva : a knot, [VS. v, 21]; [30]

dhruva : a post, stake, [L.]

dhruva : the Indian fig-tree, [L.]

dhruva : tip of the nose (?), [L.]

dhruva : a partic. water-bird, [ib.]

dhruva : the remaining (i.e. preserved) Graha which having been drawn in the morning is not offered till evening, [ŚBr.]; [Vait.]

dhruva : (in music) the introductory verse of a song (recurring as a kind of burthen) or a partic. time or measure (tāla-viśeṣa)

dhruva : any epoch to which a computation of dates is referred, [W.]

dhruva : N. of an astrol. Yoga

dhruva : of the syllable Om, [RāmatUp.]

dhruva : of Brahmā, [L.]

dhruva : of Viṣṇu, [MBh.]

dhruva : of Śiva, [Śivag.]

dhruva : of a serpent supporting the earth, [GṛS.]; [TĀr.]

dhruva : of a Vasu, [MBh.]; [Hariv.]; [Pur.]

dhruva : of a son of Vasu-deva and Rohiṇī, [BhP.]

dhruva : of an Āṅgirasa (supposed author of [RV. x, 173]), [Anukr.]

dhruva : of a son of Nahuṣa, [MBh.]

dhruva : of a follower of the Pāṇḍus, [ib.]

dhruva : of a son of Ranti-nāra (or Ranti-bhāra), [Pur.]

dhruva : dhruvá n. the fixed point (from which a departure takes place), [Pāṇ. i, 4, 24]

dhruva : the enduring sound (supposed to be heard after the Abhinidhāna), [RPrāt.]

dhruva : air, atmosphere, [L.]

dhruva : a kind of house, [Gal.]

dhruva : [cf. Zd. drva.]

ā : the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far.

ā : ind. a particle of reminiscence, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14]; [Pat.]

ā : also of compassion or pain [more correctly written 1. ās, q.v.], and of assent, [L.] [This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1. ās), [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14.]]

ā : m. N. of Śiva, [L.]

ā : grandfather, [L.]

ā : f. N. of Lakṣmī, [L.]

ā : ā́ (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, and their derivatives) near, near to, towards (see ā-√ kram &c.; in the Veda, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb; in a few cases, [RV. i, 10, 11] and [v, 64, 5], a verb in the imperative is to be supplied; with roots like gam, yā, and i, ‘to go’, and 1. dā, ‘to give’, it reverses the action; e.g. ā-gacchati, ‘he comes’; ā-datte, ‘he takes’). (As a prep. with a preceding acc.) near to, towards, to, [RV.]

ā : (with a preceding noun in the acc., as jóṣam or váram) for, [RV.]

ā : (with a following acc.) up to … exclusively, [AitBr.]

ā : (with a preceding abl.) from, [RV.]; [AV.]

ā : out of, from among (e.g. bahúbhya ā́, ‘from among many’), [RV.]

ā : towards (only in asmád ā́, ‘towards us’), [RV.]

ā : (with a following abl. cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 13] & [3, 10]) up to, to, as far as, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

ā : from, [RV. i, 30, 21]

ā : (with a preceding loc.) in, at, on [RV.]; [AV.] (As an adv. after words expressing a number or degree) fully, really, indeed (e.g. trír ā́ divás, ‘quite or fully three times a day’; mahimā́ vām índrāgnī pániṣṭha ā́,, ‘your greatness, O Indra and Agni, is most praiseworthy indeed’, &c.), [RV.]

ā : (after a subst. or adj.) ‘as, like’, (or it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word), [RV.], (after a verb), [RV. v, 7, 7]; [KenaUp.]

ā : (as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, and (it is placed either between the two words connected [rarely after the second, [RV. x, 16, 11], or after both, [RV. x, 92, 8]] or, if there are more, after the last [[RV. iv, 57, 1] and [x, 75, 5]]; see also ātaś ca s.v.) In classical Sanskṛt it may denote the limit ‘to’, ‘until’, ‘as far as’, ‘from’, either not including the object named or including it (sometimes with acc. or abl. or forming an adv.) e.g. ā-maraṇam or ā-maraṇāt, ‘till death’, [Pañcat.] (cf. ā-maraṇānta &c.)

ā : ā-gopālā dvijātayaḥ, ‘the twice-born including the cowherds’, [MBh. ii, 531]

ā : ā-samudram or ā-samudrāt, ‘as far as the ocean’ or ‘from the ocean’ (but not including it)

ā : ā-kumāram, ‘from a child’ or ‘from childhood’ or ‘to a child’ (cf. Lat. a puero), [MBh. iii, 1403]

ā : ā-kumāram yaśaḥ pāṇineḥ, ‘the fame of Pāṇini extends even to children’

ā : ā́ ājānu-bāhu mfn. ‘one whose arms reach down to the knees’, [R. i, 1, 12]

ā : ā́ (see also ākarṇa- and ājanma-)

ā : ā́ (cf. ā-jarasám, ā-vyuṣám, ā-saptama, otsūryám.) Prefixed to adj. [rarely to subst.; cf. ā-kopa] it implies diminution, [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 18] Comm. ‘a little’ e.g. ā-piñjara mfn. a little red, reddish, [Ragh. xvi, 51]

ā : ā́ (see also ā-pakva, oṣṇa, &c.) Some commentaries (e.g. Comm. on [Ragh. iii, 8]) occasionally give to in this application the meaning samantāt, ‘all through, completely’, as ā-nīla, ‘blue all round’.

sad : in comp. for sat.

sad : cl. 1. or cl. 6. P. ([Dhātup. xx, 24] and [xxvii, 133]) sīdati (ep. also °te; Ved. sádati or sī́dati, °te; pf. sasā́da, sasáttha, sedús, sediré, [RV.]; sīdatus, [MBh.]; sasadyāt, [AV.]; aor. asadat [cf. pres. stem] Gr.; 2. 3. sg. sátsi, sátsat, [RV.]; asādīt, [TĀr.]; fut. sattā Gr.; satsyati, [Br.]; sīdiṣyati, [Pur.]; inf. sáde, [RV.]; sattum, [Br.]; sīditum, [MBh.]; ind.p. -sádya, -sádam, [RV.]; -sādam, [Br.]), to sit down (esp. at a sacrifice), sit upon or in or at (acc. or loc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; to sit down before, besiege, lie in wait for, watch (acc.), [RV.]; [AitBr.]; to sink down, sink into despondency or distress, become faint or wearied or dejected or low-spirited, despond, despair, pine or waste away, perish, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. : Pass. sadyate (aor. asādi, sādi, [RV.]) : Caus. sādáyati, °te (aor. asīṣadat), to cause to sit down or be seated, place down, put upon or in (loc.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to put in distress, afflict, weary, exhaust, ruin, destroy, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.: Desid. siṣatsati Gr.: Intens. sāsadyate (Gr. also sāsatti), to sit down in an indecent posture, [Bhaṭṭ.]

sad : [cf. Gk. ἵζω for σίσδω; Lat. sidere, sedere; Lith. sė́sti, sedė́ti; Slav. sěsti; Goth. sitan; Germ. sitzen; Angl.Sax. sittan; Eng. sit.]

sad : sád mfn. (mostly ifc.; for 1. See p. 1137, col. 1) sitting or dwelling in (cf. adma-, antarikṣa-, apsu-sad &c.)

sad : sád covering (the female); sádā = ‘ever’ in [AV. iv, 4, 7]

amartya : á-martya mfn. (4) immortal, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]

amartya : imperishable, divine, [RV.]

amartya : á-martya m. a god, [L.]

tanū : in comp. for °nú.

tanū : tanū́ f. (of °nú, q.v.; acc. °nvám, [RV.] &c., [BhP. iii]; °nuvam [[Pāṇ. vi, 4, 77], Vārtt.] [BhP. vii, 9, 37]; instr. °nuvā, [iii f.]; gen. abl. °nvás, [RV.] &c.; loc. °nví & °nvī́, [RV.]; °nvā́m, [AV.] &c.; du. °nū́ [[RV. x, 183, 2]; [AV. iv, 25, 5]], °nvā́ [[RV.]], °núvau [[TBr. i, 1, 7, 3]], °nvau [see gharma-]; pl. nom. & acc. °nvás, [RV.] &c., [BhP. i]; nom. °núvas, [TBr. i, 1, 7, 3]) the body, person, self (often used like a reflexive pron.; cf. ātmán), [RV.] &c.

tanū : form or manifestation, [RV.] &c. (tanū́ manyos, ‘a sign of wrath’, [PārGṛ. iii, 13, 5]).

vṛdh : cl. 1. Ā. ([Dhātup. xviii, 20]) várdhate (Ved. and ep. also °ti; pf. vavárdha, vavṛdhe, [RV.] &c. &c. [Ved. also vāvṛ°; vavṛdhāti, °dhītā́s, °dhásva, [RV.]; vāvṛdhéte, [RV.]; p. vāvṛdhát or vavṛdhát, [RV.]; [AV.]; aor. Ved. avṛdhat, vṛdhātas, °dhātu; p. vṛdhát, °dhāná]; avardhiṣṭa, [MBh.] &c.; Prec. vardhiṣīmáhi, [VS.]; fut. vardhitā Gr.; vartsyati, [Kāv.]; vardhiṣyate Gr.; inf. Ved. vṛdhe [‘for increase’, ‘to make glad’], vṛdháse, vāvṛdhádhyai; Class. vardhitum; ind.p. vṛddhvā, or vardhitvā Gr.; in [MBh.] √ is sometimes confounded with √ 1. vṛt), trans. P., to increase, augment, strengthen, cause to prosper or thrive, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; to elevate, exalt, gladden, cheer, exhilarate (esp. the gods, with praise or sacrifice), [RV.]; (intrans. Ā.; in Ved. P. in pf. and aor.; in Class. P. in aor. fut. and cond.; also P. mc. in other forms), to grow, grow up, increase, be filled or extended, become longer or stronger, thrive, prosper, succeed, [RV.] &c. &c.; to rise, ascend (as the scale in ordeals), [Yājñ., Sch.]; to be exalted or elevated, feel animated or inspired or excited by (instr. loc. gen.) or in regard to (dat.), become joyful, have cause for congratulation (vṛdhaḥ, °dhat in sacrificial formulas = ‘mayest thou or may he prosper’; in later language often with diṣṭyā), [RV.] &c. &c.: Caus. vardháyati, °te (in later language also vardhāpayati; aor. Ved. avīvṛdhat, °dhata), to cause to increase or grow, augment, increase, make larger or longer, heighten, strengthen, further, promote (Ā. ‘for one's self’), [RV.] &c. &c.; to rear, cherish, foster, bring up, [ib.]; to elevate, raise to power, cause to prosper or thrive, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c.; to exalt, magnify, glorify (esp. the gods), make joyful, gladden (Ā. in Ved. also = to rejoice, be joyful, take delight in [instr.], enjoy, [RV.] &c. &c.; with or scil. diṣṭyā) to congratulate, [Kād.]; (cl. 10. accord. to [Dhātup. xxxiii, 109]) ‘to speak’ or ‘to shine’ (bhāṣārthe or bhāsārthe) : Desid. of Caus. See vivardhayiṣu: Desid. vivardhiṣate or vivṛtsati Gr.: Intens. varīvṛdhyate, varivṛdhīti, [ib.]