kathā : f. (for 2. See col. 3) conversation, speech, talking together, [ĀśvGṛ.]; [MBh.]; [Mn.] &c.

kathā : talk, mention

kathā : (kā kathā [with gen. or more commonly with loc. and sometimes with prati], what should one say of? how should one speak of? e.g. eko 'pi kṛcchrād varteta bhūyasāṃ tu kathaiva kā, even one person would live with difficulty, what should one say of many? i.e. how much more many? [Kathās. iv, 123]; kā kathā bāṇa-saṃdhāne, what mention of fitting the arrow? i.e. what necessity for fitting the arrow? [Śak. 53 a])

kathā : story, tale, fable, [MBh.]; [R.]; [Hit.] &c.

kathā : a feigned story, tale (as one, of the species of poetical composition), [Sāh. 567]; [Kāvyād.]

kathā : Story (personified), [Kathās.]

kathā : (in log.) discussion, disputation, [Sarvad.]

kathā : kathā́ ind. (for 1. See col. 1) (Ved. for kathám, [Pāṇ. v, 3, 26]) how? whence? why? [RV.]; [AV. viii, 1, 16]; [TS.] &c.

kathā : (yathā́ kathā́ ca, in any way whatsoever, [ŚBr. iv])

kathā : sometimes merely a particle of interrogation (e.g. kathā́ śṛṇoti … índraḥ, does Indra hear? [RV. iv, 23, 3]; kathā́-kathā́, whether-or? [TS. ii, 6, 1, 7]).

śardha : śárdha mfn. (√ śṛdh) defiant, bold (orig. ‘breaking wind against another’), [RV.]

śardha : śárdha m. breaking wind, flatulence, [Vop.]

śardha : a (defiant or bold) host, troop (esp. the host of the Maruts), [RV.]

śardha : &c. See p. 1058, col. 2.

marut : marút m. pl. (prob. the ‘flashing or shining ones’; cf. marīci and Gk. μαρμαίρω) the storm-gods (Indra's companions and sometimes, e.g. [Ragh. xii, 101] = devāḥ, the gods or deities in general; said in the Veda to be the sons of Rudra and Pṛśni q.v., or the children of heaven or of ocean; and described as armed with golden weapons i.e. lightnings and thunderbolts, as having iron teeth and roaring like lions, as residing in the north, as riding in golden cars drawn by ruddy horses sometimes called Pṛṣatīḥ q.v.; they are reckoned in [Naigh. v, 5] among the gods of the middle sphere, and in [RV. viii, 96, 8] are held to be three times sixty in number; in the later literature they are the children of Diti, either seven or seven times seven in number, and are sometimes said to be led by Mātariśvan), [RV.] &c. &c.

marut : the god of the wind (father of Hanumat and regent of the north-west quarter of the sky), [Kir.]; [Rājat.] (cf. comp.)

marut : wind, air, breath (also applied to the five winds in the body), [Kāv.]; [Pur.] &c.

marut : a species of plant, [Bhpr.]

marut : = ṛtvij, [Naigh. iii, 18]

marut : gold, [ib.] [i, 2]

marut : beauty, [ib.] [iii, 7]

marut : N. of a Sādhya, [Hariv.]

marut : of the prince Bṛhad-ratha, [MaitrUp.]

marut : marút f. Trigonella Corniculata, [L.]

marut : marút n. a kind of fragrant substance (= granthi-parṇa), [L.]

ṛtāya : Nom. P. (p. ṛtā́yat) to wish for speech, [RV. vii, 87, 1]; to maintain the sacred law [[BRD.]]; to wish for sacrifice [[Sāy.]], [RV.]

ṛta : ṛtá mf(A)n. met with, afflicted by (with instr.), [TS. v]

ṛta : proper, right, fit, apt, suitable, able, brave, honest, [RV.]; [VS. xvii, 82]

ṛta : true, [MBh.]; [BhP.]; [Mn. viii, 82]; [87]; [Bhag.] &c.

ṛta : worshipped, respected, [L.]

ṛta : enlightened, luminous, [L.]

ṛta : ṛtá (as), m. N. of a Rudra, [MBh.]

ṛta : of a son of Manu Cākṣuṣa, [BhP. iv, 13, 16]

ṛta : of a son of Vijaya, [VP.]

ṛta : ṛtá (am), n. fixed or settled order, law, rule (esp. in religion)

ṛta : sacred or pious action or custom, divine law, faith, divine truth (these meanings are given by, [BRD.] and are generally more to be accepted than those of native authorities and marked, [L.] below), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] &c.

ṛta : truth in general, righteousness, right, [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Mn. viii, 61]; [104]; [Pañcat.] &c.

ṛta : figuratively said of gleaning (as the right means of a Brāhman's obtaining a livelihood as opposed to agriculture, which is anṛta), [Mn. iv, 4 ff.]

ṛta : promise, oath, vow, [TāṇḍyaBr.]; [Lāṭy.]

ṛta : truth personified (as an object of worship, and hence enumerated among the sacred objects in the [Nir.])

ṛta : water, [L.]

ṛta : sacrifice, [L.]

ṛta : a particular sacrifice, [L.]

ṛta : the sun, [L.]

ṛta : wealth, [L.]

ṛta : ṛti, ṛtu See p. 223, col. 2 — p. 224, col. 1.

kathā : f. (for 2. See col. 3) conversation, speech, talking together, [ĀśvGṛ.]; [MBh.]; [Mn.] &c.

kathā : talk, mention

kathā : (kā kathā [with gen. or more commonly with loc. and sometimes with prati], what should one say of? how should one speak of? e.g. eko 'pi kṛcchrād varteta bhūyasāṃ tu kathaiva kā, even one person would live with difficulty, what should one say of many? i.e. how much more many? [Kathās. iv, 123]; kā kathā bāṇa-saṃdhāne, what mention of fitting the arrow? i.e. what necessity for fitting the arrow? [Śak. 53 a])

kathā : story, tale, fable, [MBh.]; [R.]; [Hit.] &c.

kathā : a feigned story, tale (as one, of the species of poetical composition), [Sāh. 567]; [Kāvyād.]

kathā : Story (personified), [Kathās.]

kathā : (in log.) discussion, disputation, [Sarvad.]

kathā : kathā́ ind. (for 1. See col. 1) (Ved. for kathám, [Pāṇ. v, 3, 26]) how? whence? why? [RV.]; [AV. viii, 1, 16]; [TS.] &c.

kathā : (yathā́ kathā́ ca, in any way whatsoever, [ŚBr. iv])

kathā : sometimes merely a particle of interrogation (e.g. kathā́ śṛṇoti … índraḥ, does Indra hear? [RV. iv, 23, 3]; kathā́-kathā́, whether-or? [TS. ii, 6, 1, 7]).

svar : (= √ sur) cl. 10. P. svarayati, to find fault, blame, censure, [Dhātup. xxxv, 11.]

svar : (prob. = a lost √ sur; cf. √ svṛ), cl. 1. P. svarati, Caus. svarayati, to shine.

svar : svàr ind. (in Yajur-veda also súvar) (used in Veda as nom. acc. loc., or gen., in [Naiṣ. vi, 99] also as abl.; from the weak base sū́r the [RV.] forms the gen. sū́ras and the dat. sūré [[iv, 3, 8]]), the sun, sunshine, light, lustre, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]

svar : bright space or sky, heaven (as distinguished from div, which is regarded as the vault above it; often ‘heaven’ as a paradise and as the abode of the gods and the Blest, in [AV.] also of the Asuras; svaḥ prayātaḥ, ‘gone to heaven’ i.e. ‘departed this life’), [RV.] &c. &c.

svar : the space above the sun or between the sun and the polar star, the region of the planets and constellations (regarded as the 3rd of the 7 worlds [see loka] and the 3rd of the three Vyāhṛtis [i.e. bhúr bhúvaḥ sváḥ]; is pronounced after om and before the Gāyatrī by every Brāhman on beginning his daily prayers), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.

svar : water, [Naigh. i, 12]

svar : N. of Śiva, [MBh.]

svar : svàr [cf. Gk. ἠέλιος, ἥλιος; Lat. sol; Lith. sáulė; Goth. sauil; Angl.Sax. sôl.]

prati : práti ind. (as a prefix to roots and their derivative nouns and other nouns, sometimes pratī; for 2. See p. 664) towards, near to

prati : against, in opposition to

prati : back, again, in return

prati : down upon, upon, on

prati : before nouns it expresses also likeness or comparison (cf. prati-candra)

prati : or it forms Avyayībhāvas of different kinds (cf. prati-kṣaṇam, prati-graham, praty-agni &c.; rarely ifc., e.g. sūpaprati, a little broth, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 9])

prati : or as a prep. with usually preceding acc., in the sense of towards, against, to, upon, in the direction of (e.g. śabdam p°, in the direction of the sound, [R.]; agnim pr°, against the fire, [Mn.]; also °ty-agni ind., [Pāṇ. vi, 2, 33], Sch.; ripum pr°, against the enemy, [Mn.]; ātmānam pr°, to one's self, [Ratnāv.])

prati : opposite, before, in the presence of (e.g. rodasī pr°, before heaven and earth, [RV.])

prati : in comparison, on a par with, in proportion to (e.g. indram pr°, in comparison with I°, [RV.]; sahasrāṇi pr°, on a par with i.e. equivalent to thousands, [ib.]; also with abl. or -tas; cf. [Pāṇ. i, 4, 92]; [ii, 3, 11])

prati : in the vicinity of, near, beside, at, on (e.g. yūpam pr°, near the sacrificial post, [AitBr.]; gaṅgām pr°, at or on the Ganges, [R.]; etat pr°, at this point, [TS.]; āyodhanam pr°, on the field of battle, [MBh.])

prati : at the time of, about, through, for (e.g. phālgunam pr°, about the month Ph°, [Mn.]; ciram pr°, for a long time, [MBh.]; bhṛśam pr°, often, repeatedly, [Car.])

prati : or used distributively (cf. [Pāṇ. i, 4, 90]) to express at every, in or on every, severally (e.g. yajñam pr°, at every sacrifice, [Yājñ.]; yajñaṃ yajñam pr°, [TS.]; varṣam pr°, every year, annually, [Pañcat.]; in this sense often comp.; cf. above)

prati : in favour of, for ([Pāṇ. i, 4, 90]; e.g. pāṇḍavān pr°, in favour of the P°s, [MBh.])

prati : on account of, with regard to, concerning ([Pāṇ.]; [ib.], e.g. sīmām pr°, concerning a boundary, [Mn.]; gautamam pr°, with regard to G°, [R.])

prati : conformably or according to (e.g. mām pr°, according to me, i.e. in my opinion, [Mālav.]; cf. mām praty araṇyavat pratibhāti, ‘it seems to me like a forest’, [Hit.]; na bubhukṣitam prati bhāti kiṃ cit, ‘to a hungry man nothing is of any account’, [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 2])

prati : as, for (after a verb meaning, ‘to regard or consider’; cf. [Vikr. iv, 69])

prati : or as prep. with abl. in return or as compensation for, instead or in the place of ([Pāṇ. i, 4, 92], Sch.)

prati : with abl. or -tas See above

prati : with abl. or gen. (?) to express, ‘about’, ‘at the time of’ (only prati vastoḥ, ‘at daybreak’, [RV.])

prati : as prep. with gen. = with reference to, [Hariv. 10967].

prati : [cf. Zd. paiti; Gk. προτί, ποτί, πρός.]

prati : in comp. with nouns not immediately connected with roots.

prati : m. N. of a son of Kuśa, [BhP.]

brū : cl. 2. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 35]) brávīti, brūté (only pr. stem; the other forms are supplied by √ vac cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 53]; brūmi for bravīmi, [R.]; Subj. brávas, °vat, [RV.]; Impv. brūhi, ep. also bravīhi, bruvadhvam; brūtāt, [Pāṇ. vii, 1, 35], Sch.; impf. abruvam for abravam, [Up.]; [MBh.]; pr.p. Ā. ep. bruvamāṇa for bruvāṇa; Prec. 2. pl. brūyāsta, [Nal. xvii, 36], prob. w.r. for brūyās tat), to speak, say, tell (either intrans.; or with acc. of pers. or thing; or with acc. of thing and acc. dat. gen. or loc. of person = to tell or relate anything to; with two acc. also = declare or pronounce to be, call), [RV.] &c. &c.; to speak about any person or thing (acc. with or without prati, or adhikṛtya), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to proclaim, predict, [Var.]; to answer (either intrans. with punar or trans. with praśnam, ‘a question’), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; (with anyathā) to speak or decide or judge wrongly, [Mn.]; [Pañcat.]; (Ā., rarely P.) to call or profess one's self to be (nom., rarely with iti), [RV.]; [Br.]; [MBh.]; (Ā.) to designate for one's self, choose, [AitBr.]; (Ā.) to be told by itself, tell itself (tell its tale), [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 89], Vārtt. 1, [Pat.]

brū : [cf. Zd. mrū.]

aditi : á-diti f. having nothing to give, destitution, [RV.]

aditi : for 2. , 3. á-diti See below.

aditi : m. (√ ad), devourer i.e. death, [BṛĀrUp.]

aditi : á-diti mfn. (√ 4. dā or do, dyati; for 1. á-diti See above), not tied, free, [RV. vii, 52, 1], boundless, unbroken, entire, unimpaired, happy, [RV.]; [VS.]

aditi : á-diti f. freedom, security, safety

aditi : boundlessness, immensity, inexhaustible abundance, unimpaired condition, perfection, creative power, N. of one of the most ancient of the Indian goddesses (‘Infinity’ or the ‘Eternal and Infinite Expanse’, often mentioned in [RV.], daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Kaśyapa, mother of the Ādityas and of the gods)

aditi : a cow, milk, [RV.]

aditi : the earth, [Naigh.]

aditi : speech, [Naigh.] (cf. [RV. viii, 101, 15])

aditi : á-diti f. du. heaven and earth, [Naigh.]

tura : turá mfn. quick, willing, prompt, [RV.]; [AV. vi, 102, 3]

tura : strong, powerful, excelling, rich, abundant, [RV.]; [AV. vii, 50, 2]; [TS. ii]; [Kauś. 91]

tura : turá m. N. of a preceptor and priest with the patr. Kāvaṣeya, [ŚBr. ix f.], [xiv]; [AitBr.]; [TāṇḍyaBr.]; [BhP.]

tura : turá mfn. hurt, [RV. viii, 79, 2]

tura : cf. ā-.

sādha : sā́dha m. accomplishment, fulfilment, [RV.]

sādh : (connected with √ 2. sidh) cl. 1. P. Ā. sā́dati, °te; accord. to [Dhātup. xxvi, 71] and [xxvii, 16], cl. 4. sādhyati, cl. 5. sādhnoti (in [JaimBr.] also sadhnoti; pf. sasādha; aor. asātsīt; fut. sāddhā, sātsyati; inf. sāddhum, in later language sādhitum; Ved. inf. sádhase, q.v.), to go straight to any goal or aim, attain an object, to be successful, succeed, prosper, [RV.]; to bring straight to an object or end, further, promote, advance, accomplish, complete, finish, [ib.]; to submit or agree to, obey, [ib.]; (sādhyati) to be completed or accomplished, [Dhātup.] : Caus. sādhayati (mc. also °te; aor. asīṣadhat; Ved. also sīṣadhati, °dhaḥ, °dhema, °dhātu; Pass. sādhyate, [MBh.] &c.), to straighten, make straight (a path), [RV.]; to guide straight or well, direct or bring to a goal, [ib.]; to master, subdue, overpower, conquer, win, win over, [RV.] &c. &c.; to summon, conjure up (a god or spirit), [Kathās.]; (in law) to enforce payment, recover (a debt), collect (taxes), [Mn.]; [Yājñ.] &c.; to subdue a disease, set right, heal, cure, [Suśr.]; to bring to an end or conclusion, complete, make perfect, bring about, accomplish, effect, fulfil, execute, practice (with vākyam, ‘to execute any one's [gen.] order’; with naiṣkarmyam, ‘to practise inactivity’; with marum, ‘to practise abstinence’; with mantram, ‘to practise the recitation of spells’), [GṛŚrS.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to attain one's object, be successful, [MBh. iii, 1441]; to produce, make, render (two acc.), [Śak.]; [BhP.]; to establish a truth, substantiate, prove, demonstrate, [Tattvas.]; [Sarvad.]; to make ready, prepare, [MBh.]; to gain, obtain, acquire, procure, [ŚBr.] &c.; to find out (by calculation), [Gaṇit.]; to grant, bestow, yield, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to put or place in (loc.), [BhP.] ; to set out, proceed, go (in dram. accord. to [Sāh.] = √ gam), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.: Desid. of Caus. siṣādhayiṣati or sisādhayiṣati, to desire to establish or prove, [Sāh.]; [Sarvad.] : Desid. siṣātsati Gr.: Intens., sāsādhyate, sāsdidhi, [ib.]

sādh : (ifc.) accomplishing, performing (see yajña-sā́dh).

dyu : cl. 2. P. dyauti ([Dhātup. xxiv, 31]; pf. dudyāva, 3. pl. dudyuvur) to go against, attack, assail, [Bhaṭṭ.]

dyu : dyú for 3. div as inflected stem and in comp. before consonants.

jātavedas : jātá—vedas (°tá-), mfn. (fr. √ vid, cl. 6) ‘having whatever is born or created as his property’, ‘all-possessor’ (or fr. √ vid, cl. 2. ‘knowing [or known by] all created beings’; cf. [Nir. vii, 19]; [ŚBr. ix, 5, 1, 68]; [MBh. ii, 1146] &c.; N. of Agni), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.] &c.

jātavedas : accord. to some,‘sage, wise’

jātavedas : jātá—vedas m. fire, [MBh.] &c.

cit : cít mfn. ifc. ‘piling up’, see agni-, ūrdhva-, and pūrva-cít

cit : ([Pāṇ. iii, 2, 92]) forming a layer or stratum, piled up, [VS. i], [xii]; [TS. i] (cf. kaṅka-, karma-, cakṣuś-, droṇa-, prāṇa-, manaś-, rathacakra-, vāk-, śyena-, and śrotra-cít.)

cit : mfn. ifc. ‘knowing’, see ṛta-cít

cit : ‘giving heed to’ or ‘revenging [guilt, ṛṇa-]’, see ṛṇa-.

cit : mfn. ifc. ‘id.’, see 2. .

cit : 2. 3. . See √ 2. 3. ci.

cit : cl. 1. cétati (impf. acetat, [RV. vii, 95, 2]; p. cétat, [RV.]) cl. 2. (Ā. Pass. 3. sg. cité, [x, 143, 4]; p. f. instr. citantyā, [i, 129, 7]; Ā. citāna, [ix, 101, 11]; [VS. x, 1]) cl. 3. irreg. ciketati ([RV.]; Subj. ciketat, [RV.]; Impv. 2. sg. cikiddhi, [RV.]; p. cikitāná, [RV.]; perf. cikéta, [RV.] &c.; ciceta, [Vop. viii, 37]; 3. du. cetatur, [AV. iii, 22, 2]; Ā. and Pass. cikité, [RV.] &c.; 3. pl. °tre, [RV.]; for p. cikitvás See s.v.; Ā. Pass. cicite, [Bhaṭṭ. ii, 29]; aor. acetīt, [Vop. viii, 35]; Ā. Pass. áceti and céti, [RV.]; for acait See √ 2. ci; fut. 1st céttā, [i, 22, 5]) to perceive, fix the mind upon, attend to, be attentive, observe, take notice of (acc. or gen.), [RV.]; [SV.]; [AV.]; [Bhaṭṭ.]; to aim at, intend, design (with dat.), [RV. i, 131, 6]; [x, 38, 3]; to be anxious about, care for (acc. or gen.), [i], [ix f.]; to resolve, [iii, 53, 24]; [x, 55, 6]; to understand, comprehend, know (perf. often in the sense of pr.), [RV.]; [AV. vii, 2, 1] and [5, 5]; P. Ā. to become perceptible, appear, be regarded as, be known, [RV.]; [VS. x], [xv] : Caus. cetáyati, °te (2. pl. cetáyadhvam Subj. cetayat Impv. 2. du. cetayethām impf. ácetayat, [RV.]; 3. pl. citáyante, [RV.]; p. citáyat, [RV.] (eleven times); cetáyat, [x, 110, 8], &c.; Ā. cetayāna See s.v.) to cause to attend, make attentive, remind of [i, 131, 2] and [iv, 51, 3]; to cause to comprehend, instruct, teach, [RV.]; to observe, perceive, be intent upon, [RV.]; [MBh. xii, 9890]; [Kathās. xiii, 10]; Ā. (once P. [MBh. xviii, 74]) to form an idea in the mind, be conscious of, understand, comprehend, think, reflect upon, [TS. vi]; [ŚBr.]; [ChUp. vii, 5, 1]; [MBh.]; [BhP. viii, 1, 9]; [Prab.]; P. to have a right notion of, know, [MBh. iii, 14877]; P. ‘to recover consciousness’, awake, [Bhaṭṭ. viii, 123]; Ā. to remember, have consciousness of (acc.), [Pāṇ. iii, 2, 112], [Kāś.]; [Bādar. ii, 3, 18], Sch.; to appear, be conspicuous, shine, [RV.]; [TS. iii] : Desid. cíkitsati (fr. √ kit, [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 5]; [Dhātup. xxiii, 24]; exceptionally Ā. [MBh. xii, 12544]; Impv. °tsatu Subj. °tsāt aor. 2. sg. ácikitsīs, [AV.]; Pass. p. cikitsyamāna, [Suśr.]; [Pañcat.]) to have in view, aim at, be desirous, [AV. v, 11, 1]; [ix, 2, 3]; to care for, be anxious about, [vi], [x]; ([Pāṇ. iii, 1, 5]; [Siddh.]) to treat medically, cure, [KātyŚr. xxv]; [MBh. i], [xii]; [Suśr.]; [Pañcat.]; [Bhartṛ.]; to wish to appear, [RV. i, 123, 1]: Caus. of Desid. (fut. cikitsayiṣyati) to cure, [Mālav. iv, 4/5, 6 f.] : Intens. cekite (fr. √ 2. ci?, or for °tte, [RV. i, 53, 3] and [119, 3]; [ii, 34, 10]; p. cékitat, [ix, 111, 3]; Ā. cékitāna, [RV.] eight times) to appear, be conspicuous, shine, [RV.]

cit : cít mfn. ifc. ‘thinking’, see a-, duś-, manaś-, vipaś-, and huraś-cít

cit : cf. also apa-cit

cit : cít f. thought, intellect, spirit, soul, [VS. iv, 19]; [KapS.]; [Bhartṛ.]; [BhP.]

cit : cf. sa- and ā cít

cit : pure Thought (Brahma cf. [RTL. p. 34]), [Vedāntas.]; [Prab.]

cit : ind. only in comp.