10.34.3
द्वेष्टि॑ श्व॒श्रूरप॑ जा॒या रु॑णद्धि॒ न ना॑थि॒तो वि॑न्दते मर्डि॒तार॑म्
अश्व॑स्येव॒ जर॑तो॒ वस्न्य॑स्य॒ नाहं वि॑न्दामि कित॒वस्य॒ भोग॑म्
10.34.3
dvéṣṭi śvaśrū́r ápa jāyā́ ruṇaddhi
ná nāthitó vindate marḍitā́ram
áśvasyeva járato vásnyasya
nā́háṃ vindāmi kitavásya bhógam
10.34.3
dveṣṭifrom √dviṣ-
from śvaśrū́-
from ápa
from jāyā́-
from √rudh- 1
from ná
from √nāth-
from √vid- 1
from áśva-
from vásnya-
from ná
from ahám
from √vid- 1
from kitavá-
from bhóga-
10.34.3
My wife holds me aloof, her mother hates me: the wretched man finds none to give him comfort. As of a costly horse grown old and feeble, I find not any profit of the gamester.
| Source index | Surface | Lemma | Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10.34.3 | dvéṣṭi | √dviṣ- dviṣ : in comp. for dvis below. dviṣ : cl. 2. P. Ā. dvéṣṭi, dviṣṭe (ep. also dviṣati, °te; Subj. dvéṣat, [AV.]; impf. adveṭ, 3. pl. adviṣur and advi°ṣan, [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 112]; pf. didveṣa, [ŚBr.]; aor. dvikṣat, °ṣata (3. sg.), [AV.]; fut. dvekṣyati, dveṣṭā, [Siddh.]; [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 10]; inf. dveṣṭum, [MBh.]; dvéṣṭos, [ŚBr.]) to hate, show hatred against (acc.; rarely dat. or gen.), be hostile or unfriendly, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to be a rival or a match for, [Kāvyād. ii, 61] : Pass. dviṣyate; aor. adveṣi Gr.: Caus. dveṣayati, [Kāv.] : Desid. didvikṣati, °te Gr.; Intens. dedviṣyate, dedveṣṭi or dedviṣīti Gr. dviṣ : [cf. Zd. ḍbish; Gk. ὀ-δύσ-ατο; Germ. Zwist.] dviṣ : dvíṣ (nom. dvíṭ), hostility, hatred, dislike dviṣ : dvíṣ (also m.) foe, enemy, [RV.]; [AV.] &c. dviṣ : dvíṣ mfn. hostile, hating, disliking (ifc.), [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. 🔎 √dviṣ- | rootSGPRSACT3IND |
| 10.34.3 | śvaśrū́ḥ | śvaśrū́- śvaśrū : śvaśrū́ f. (of śvaśura) a mother-in-law (either the wife's or the husband's mother), [RV.] &c. &c. śvaśrū : pl. the mother-in-law and the other wives of the father-in-law, [RV.] śvaśrū : [cf. Lat. socrus; Slav. svekry; Angl.Sax. swëger; Germ. swigar, swiger, Schwieger.] 🔎 śvaśrū́- | nominal stemSGFNOM |
| 10.34.3 | ápa apa : ápa ind. (as a prefix to nouns and verbs, expresses) away, off, back (opposed to úpa, ánu, sam, pra) apa : down (opposed to ud). apa : When prefixed to nouns, it may sometimes = the neg. particle a, e.g. apa-bhī, fearless; or may express deterioration, inferiority, &c. (cf. apa-pāṭha). apa : (As a separable particle or adverb in Ved., with abl.) away from, on the outside of, without, with the exception of apa : [cf. Gk. ἀπό; Lat. ab; Goth. af; Eng. of]. 🔎 ápa | ápa apa : ápa ind. (as a prefix to nouns and verbs, expresses) away, off, back (opposed to úpa, ánu, sam, pra) apa : down (opposed to ud). apa : When prefixed to nouns, it may sometimes = the neg. particle a, e.g. apa-bhī, fearless; or may express deterioration, inferiority, &c. (cf. apa-pāṭha). apa : (As a separable particle or adverb in Ved., with abl.) away from, on the outside of, without, with the exception of apa : [cf. Gk. ἀπό; Lat. ab; Goth. af; Eng. of]. 🔎 ápa | invariablelocal particle:LP |
| 10.34.3 | jāyā́ jāyā : jāyā́ f. ‘bringing forth (cf. [Mn. ix, 8])’, a wife, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.] &c. jāyā : (in astron.) the 7th lunar mansion, [VarBṛ.]; [Laghuj. i, 15.] jāyā : jāyā́ See above. 🔎 jāyā́ | jāyā́- jāyā : jāyā́ f. ‘bringing forth (cf. [Mn. ix, 8])’, a wife, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.] &c. jāyā : (in astron.) the 7th lunar mansion, [VarBṛ.]; [Laghuj. i, 15.] jāyā : jāyā́ See above. 🔎 jāyā́- | nominal stemSGFNOM |
| 10.34.3 | ruṇaddhi | √rudh- 1 rudh : (cf. √ ruh, of which this seems to be only another form) cl. 1. P. ródhati, to sprout, shoot, grow (only ródhati, [RV. viii, 43, 6]; and viródhat, [i, 67, 9]; accord. to some also p. rudhat, [i, 179, 4], in nadásya rudhatáḥ kā́maḥ, ‘the desire of the growing reed’ i.e. of the membrum virile; others, ‘of the husband who keeps me away’, fr. √ 2. ; cf. also nada). rudh : cl. 7. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxix, 1]) ruṇáddhi, runddhé (1. pl. -rudhmas, [AV.]; rundhati, °te, [Br.] &c.; rodhati, [MBh.] pf. rurodha, rurudhe, [RV.] &c. &c.; rurundhatuḥ, [MBh.]; aor. araut, [AV.]; arautsīt, [Br.] &c.; rotsīs, [Up.]; arutsi, aruddha, [Br.]; [Up.]; arautsi, [AitBr.]; arodham, [RV.]; arudhma, [MaitrS.]; p. rudhát cf. √ 1. ; arudhat, [RV.] &c. &c.; Prec. rudhyāt, [Kāv.]; fut. roddhā Gr.; rotsyati, °te, [Br.] &c. inf. roddhum or rodhitum, [MBh.]; roddhos, [Br.]; ind.p. ruddhvā, [MBh.] &c.; -rúdhya, [RV.] &c. &c.; -rundhya, [MBh.]; -rúdham, [AV.]; [Br.]; -rúndham, [Br.]; -rodham, [ib.]), to obstruct, check, arrest, stop, restrain, prevent, keep back, withhold, [RV.] (always with na), &c. &c.; to avert, keep off, repel, [Bhaṭṭ.] (cf. rudhat under √ 1. ); to shut, lock up, confine in (loc.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (accord. to [Vop.] also with double acc.); to besiege, blockade, invest, [Pat.]; [MBh.] &c.; to close, block up (a path), [R.]; to cover, conceal, veil, obscure, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to stop up, fill, [ib.]; to lay (dust), [Ragh.]; to touch, move (the heart), [Bālar.]; to torment, harass, [R.]; to lose, be deprived of (acc.), [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; to tear, rend asunder (?), [AV. xix, 29, 3] : Caus. rodhayati (ep. also °te and rundhayati ; aor. arūrudhat; Pass. rodhyate), to stop, arrest, [MBh.]; to cause to be confined by (acc.), [Pañcar.]; to cause to be besieged by (instr.), [Ragh.]; to close (with a cover or lid), [Bhpr.]; to fetter, enchain, influence, [BhP.]; to oppress, torment, harass, [MBh.]; [R.] : Desid. rorutsate ([Br.]), °ti ([MBh.]), to wish to obstruct &c.: Intens. rorudhyate, roroddhi, to obstruct intensely or repeatedly &c. Gr. (only rorudhaḥ, [MBh.]) rudh : (ifc.) impeding, holding (see kara-r°). rudh : prob. a root of this form once existed with a meaning ‘to be red’. 🔎 √rudh- 1 | rootSGPRSACT3IND |
| 10.34.3 | ná na : the dental nasal (found at the beginning of words and before or after dental consonants as well as between vowels; subject to conversion into ṇa, [Pāṇ. viii, 4, 1]-[39]). na : ná ind. not, no, nor, neither, [RV.] (nā, [x, 34, 8]) &c. &c. (as well in simple negation as in wishing, requesting and commanding, except in prohibition before an Impv. or an augmentless aor. [cf. 1. mā]; in successive sentences or clauses either simply repeated, e.g. [Mn. iv, 34]; or strengthened by another particle, esp. at the second place or further on in the sentence, e.g. by u [cf. no], utá, api, cāpi, vā, vāpi or atha vā, [RV. i, 170, 1]; [151, 9]; [Nal. iii, 24], &c.; it may even be replaced by ca, vā, api ca, api vā, &c. alone, as, [Mn. ii, 98]; [Nal. i, 14], &c.; often joined with other particles, beside those mentioned above esp. with a following tu, tv eva, tv eva tu, ced, q.v., khalu, q.v., ha [cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 31]] &c.; before round or collective numbers and after any numeral in the instr. or abl. it expresses deficiency, e.g. ekayā na viṃśati, not 20 by 1 i.e. 19 [ŚBr.]; pañcabhir na catvāri śatāni, 395 [ib.]; with another or an a priv. it generally forms a strong affirmation [cf. [Vām. v, 1, 9]] e.g. neyaṃ na vakṣyati, she will most certainly declare, [Śak. iii, 9]; nādaṇḍyo 'sti, he must certainly be punished, [Mn. viii, 335]; it may also, like a, form compounds, [Vām. v, 2, 13] [cf. below]) na : that not, lest, for fear lest (with Pot.), [MBh.]; [R.]; [Daś.] &c. na : like, as, as it were (only in Veda and later artificial language, e.g. gauro na tṛṣitaḥ piba, drink like [lit. ‘not’ i.e. ‘although not being’] a thirsty deer; in this sense it does not coalesce metrically with a following vowel). na : [cf. Gk. νη-; Lat. ně-; Angl.Sax. ne, ‘not’; Engl. no, &c.] na : mfn. ([L.]) thin, spare na : vacant, empty na : identical na : unvexed, unbroken na : m. band, fetter na : jewel, pearl na : war na : gift na : welfare na : N. of Buddha na : N. of Gaṇeśa na : = prastuta na : = dviraṇḍa (?) 🔎 ná | ná na : the dental nasal (found at the beginning of words and before or after dental consonants as well as between vowels; subject to conversion into ṇa, [Pāṇ. viii, 4, 1]-[39]). na : ná ind. not, no, nor, neither, [RV.] (nā, [x, 34, 8]) &c. &c. (as well in simple negation as in wishing, requesting and commanding, except in prohibition before an Impv. or an augmentless aor. [cf. 1. mā]; in successive sentences or clauses either simply repeated, e.g. [Mn. iv, 34]; or strengthened by another particle, esp. at the second place or further on in the sentence, e.g. by u [cf. no], utá, api, cāpi, vā, vāpi or atha vā, [RV. i, 170, 1]; [151, 9]; [Nal. iii, 24], &c.; it may even be replaced by ca, vā, api ca, api vā, &c. alone, as, [Mn. ii, 98]; [Nal. i, 14], &c.; often joined with other particles, beside those mentioned above esp. with a following tu, tv eva, tv eva tu, ced, q.v., khalu, q.v., ha [cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 31]] &c.; before round or collective numbers and after any numeral in the instr. or abl. it expresses deficiency, e.g. ekayā na viṃśati, not 20 by 1 i.e. 19 [ŚBr.]; pañcabhir na catvāri śatāni, 395 [ib.]; with another or an a priv. it generally forms a strong affirmation [cf. [Vām. v, 1, 9]] e.g. neyaṃ na vakṣyati, she will most certainly declare, [Śak. iii, 9]; nādaṇḍyo 'sti, he must certainly be punished, [Mn. viii, 335]; it may also, like a, form compounds, [Vām. v, 2, 13] [cf. below]) na : that not, lest, for fear lest (with Pot.), [MBh.]; [R.]; [Daś.] &c. na : like, as, as it were (only in Veda and later artificial language, e.g. gauro na tṛṣitaḥ piba, drink like [lit. ‘not’ i.e. ‘although not being’] a thirsty deer; in this sense it does not coalesce metrically with a following vowel). na : [cf. Gk. νη-; Lat. ně-; Angl.Sax. ne, ‘not’; Engl. no, &c.] na : mfn. ([L.]) thin, spare na : vacant, empty na : identical na : unvexed, unbroken na : m. band, fetter na : jewel, pearl na : war na : gift na : welfare na : N. of Buddha na : N. of Gaṇeśa na : = prastuta na : = dviraṇḍa (?) 🔎 ná | invariable |
| 10.34.3 | nāthitáḥ | √nāth- nāth : cl. 1. Ā. ([Dhātup. ii, 6]) nā́thate, [TS.]; [Kāṭh.] &c. (°ti, [MBh.]; [Kathās.]; pf. nanātha; aor. anāthīt; fut. nāthiṣyati, or nāthitā Gr.; inf. nāthitum, [Kathās.]; ind.p. -nāthya, [Prab.]) to seek aid, approach with prayers or requests (loc.), [TS.]; [Kāṭh.]; to ask, solicit, beg for (gen. of thing, [MBh. iii, 126, 30]; cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 55]; dat. of thing, [Vop.]; with 2 acc. [Naiṣ. iii, 25]); to have power, be master, [Dhātup.] : Caus. nāthayati, to cause a person to ask for anything i.e. to grant a request (acc.), [BhP.] (B.), [ii, 9, 25.] nāth : to harass, destroy, [Dhātup.] nāth : [cf. √ nādh; Goth. nithan, Old Sax. ginātha, nātha; HGerm. genāde, gnade.] 🔎 √nāth- | rootSGMNOMnon-finite:PTCP-ta |
| 10.34.3 | vindate | √vid- 1 vid : cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 56]) vetti (vidmahe, [Br.]; vedati, °te, [Up.]; [MBh.]; vidáti, °te, [AV.] &c.; vindati, °te, [MBh.] &c.; Impv. vidāṃ-karotu, [Pañcat.] [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 41]]; 1. sg. impf. avedam, 2. sg. avet or aves [[Pāṇ. viii, 2, 75]] [RV.] &c. &c.; 3. pl. avidus, [Br.] [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 109]]; avidan, [MBh.] &c.; pf. véda [often substituted for pr. vetti cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 83]], 3. pl. vidús or vidre, [RV.]; viveda, [MBh.] &c.; vidāṃcakā́ra, [Br.] &c. [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 38]; accord. to [Vop.] also vidām-babhūva]; aor. avedīt, [ib.]; vidām-akran, [TBr.]; fut. veditā́, [ŚBr.]; vettā, [MBh.] fut. vediṣyati, °te, [Br.]; [Up.]; vetsyati, °te, [MBh.] &c.; inf. véditum, °tos, [Br.]; vettum, [MBh.] &c.; ind.p. viditvā́, [Br.] &c.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with acc., in older, language also with gen.; with inf. = to know how to), [RV.] &c. &c. (viddhi yathā, ‘know that’; vidyāt, ‘one should know’, ‘it should be understood’; ya evam veda [in [Br.]], ‘who knows thus’, ‘who has this knowledge’); to know or regard or consider as, take for, declare to be, call (esp. in 3. pl. vidus, with two acc. or with acc. and nom. with iti, e.g. taṃ sthaviraṃ viduḥ, ‘they consider or call him aged’; rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ, ‘they consider me a Rājarṣi’), [Up.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to mind, notice, observe, remember (with gen. or acc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; to experience, feel (acc. or gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to wish to know, inquire about (acc.), [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] : Caus. vedáyate (rarely °ti; aor. avīvidat; Pass. vedyate), to make known, announce, report, tell, [ŚBr.] &c. &c.; to teach, explain, [ŚāṅkhŚr.]; [Nir.]; to recognize or regard as, take for (two acc.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to feel, experience, [ŚBr.]; [Mn.] &c.: Desid. of Caus. in vivedayiṣu, q.v.: Desid. vividiṣati or vivitsati, to wish to know or learn, inquire about (acc.), [ŚBr.]; &c. : Intens. vevidyate, vevetti Gr. vid : [cf. Gk. εἶδον for ἐϝιδον, οἶδα for ϝοιδα = veda; Lat. videre; Slav. věděti; Goth. witan, wait; Germ. wizzan, wissen; Angl.Sax. wât; Eng. wot.] vid : víd mfn. knowing, understanding, a knower (mostly ifc.; superl. vit-tama), [KaṭhUp.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. vid : víd m. the planet Mercury, [VarBṛS.] (cf. 2. jña) vid : víd f. knowledge understanding, [RV.]; [KauṣUp.] vid : (pl.), [Bhām.] vid : (originally identical with √ 1. ) cl. 6. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxviii, 138]) vindáti, °te (Ved. also vitté, vidé; p. vidāná or vidāna [q.v.]; ep. 3. pl. vindate Pot. vindyāt, often = vidyāt; pf. vivéda [3. pl. vividus Subj. vividat], vividvás, 3. pl. vividre, vidré, [RV.] &c. &c.; p. vividvás, [RV.]; vividivas, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 68]; aor. ávidat, °data, [ib.] 3. [Ved. Subj. vidā́si, °dā́t; Pot. vidét, deta, [VS.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; sg. videṣṭa, [AV. ii, 36, 3]]; Ā. 1. sg. avitsi, [RV.]; [Br.]; fut. vettā, vediṣyati Gr.; vetsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; inf. vidé, [RV.]; vettum, [MBh.] &c.; véttave, [AV.]; °ttavai [?] and °tos, [Br.]; ind.p. vittvā́, [AV.]; [Br.]; -vidya, [Br.] &c.), to find, discover, meet or fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess, [RV.] &c. &c. (with diśas, to find out the quarters of the sky, [MBh.]) ; to get or procure for (dat.), [RV.]; [ChUp.]; to seek out, look for, attend to, [RV.] &c. &c.; to feel, experience, [Cāṇ.]; to consider as, take for (two acc.), [Kāv.]; to come upon, befall, seize, visit, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce, [RV.]; [ŚBr.]; (Ā. mc. also P.) to take to wife, marry (with or scil. bhāryām), [RV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman), [AV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; to obtain (a son, with or scil. sutam), [BhP.] : Pass. or Ā. vidyáte (ep. also °ti; p. vidyamāna [q.v.]; aor. avedi), to be found, exist, be, [RV.] &c. &c.; (esp. in later language) vidyate, ‘there is, there exists’, often with na, ‘there is not’; with bhoktum, ‘there is something to eat’; followed by a fut., ‘is it possible that?’, [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 146], Sch.; yathā-vidé, ‘as it happens’ i.e. ‘as usual’, ‘as well as possible’, [RV. i, 127, 4] &c. : Caus. vedayati, to cause to find &c., [MBh.] : Desid. vividiṣati or vivitsati, °te Gr. (cf. vivitsita) : Intens. vevidyate, vevetti, [ib.] (for p. vévidat and °dāna See vi- and saṃ√ vid). vid : (ifc.) finding, acquiring, procuring (see anna-, aśva-, ahar-vid &c.) vid : cl. 7. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxix, 13]) vintte, to consider as, take for (two acc.), [Bhaṭṭ.] 🔎 √vid- 1 | rootSGPRSMED3IND |
| 10.34.3 | marḍitā́ram | marḍitár- | nominal stemSGMACC |
| 10.34.3 | áśvasya | áśva- aśva : áśva m. (2. rarely 3 [RV.]) (√ aś, [Uṇ.]) ifc. f. a horse, stallion, [RV.] &c. aśva : the horse (in the game of chess) aśva : the number ‘seven’ (that being the number of the horses of the sun) aśva : the archer (in the Zodiac), [VarBṛ.] aśva : a particular kind of lover (horse-like in strength), [L.] aśva : N. of a teacher (with the patron. Sāmudri), [ŚBr. xiii] aśva : of a son of Citraka, [Hariv. 1921] aśva : of a Dānava, [MBh. i, 2532] aśva : [Zd. aspa; Lat. equus; Gk. ἵππος, &c.] aśva : Nom. P. aśvati, to behave like a horse, [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 11], Sch. 🔎 áśva- | nominal stemSGMGEN |
| 10.34.3 | iva iva : ind. (fr. pronominal base 3. i), like, in the same manner as (in this sense = yathā, and used correlatively to tathā) iva : as it were, as if (e.g. patheva, as if on a path) iva : in a certain manner, in some measure, a little, perhaps (in qualification or mitigation of a strong assertion) iva : nearly, almost, about (e.g. muhūrtam iva, almost an hour) iva : so, just so, just, exactly, indeed, very (especially after words which involve some restriction, e.g. īṣad iva, just a little; kiṃcid iva, just a little bit: and after a negation, e.g. na cirād iva, very soon). is connected vaguely, and somewhat pleonastically, with an interrogative pronoun or adverb (e.g. kim iva, what? katham iva, how could that possibly be? kveva, where, I should like to know?). In the Pada texts of the Ṛg, Yajur, and Atharva-veda, and by native grammarians, is considered to be enclitic, and therefore compounded with the word after which it stands, [RV.]; [AV.]; &c. 🔎 iva | iva iva : ind. (fr. pronominal base 3. i), like, in the same manner as (in this sense = yathā, and used correlatively to tathā) iva : as it were, as if (e.g. patheva, as if on a path) iva : in a certain manner, in some measure, a little, perhaps (in qualification or mitigation of a strong assertion) iva : nearly, almost, about (e.g. muhūrtam iva, almost an hour) iva : so, just so, just, exactly, indeed, very (especially after words which involve some restriction, e.g. īṣad iva, just a little; kiṃcid iva, just a little bit: and after a negation, e.g. na cirād iva, very soon). is connected vaguely, and somewhat pleonastically, with an interrogative pronoun or adverb (e.g. kim iva, what? katham iva, how could that possibly be? kveva, where, I should like to know?). In the Pada texts of the Ṛg, Yajur, and Atharva-veda, and by native grammarians, is considered to be enclitic, and therefore compounded with the word after which it stands, [RV.]; [AV.]; &c. 🔎 iva | invariable |
| 10.34.3 | járataḥ | járant- | nominal stemSGMGEN |
| 10.34.3 | vásnyasya | vásnya- | nominal stemSGMGEN |
| 10.34.3 | ná na : the dental nasal (found at the beginning of words and before or after dental consonants as well as between vowels; subject to conversion into ṇa, [Pāṇ. viii, 4, 1]-[39]). na : ná ind. not, no, nor, neither, [RV.] (nā, [x, 34, 8]) &c. &c. (as well in simple negation as in wishing, requesting and commanding, except in prohibition before an Impv. or an augmentless aor. [cf. 1. mā]; in successive sentences or clauses either simply repeated, e.g. [Mn. iv, 34]; or strengthened by another particle, esp. at the second place or further on in the sentence, e.g. by u [cf. no], utá, api, cāpi, vā, vāpi or atha vā, [RV. i, 170, 1]; [151, 9]; [Nal. iii, 24], &c.; it may even be replaced by ca, vā, api ca, api vā, &c. alone, as, [Mn. ii, 98]; [Nal. i, 14], &c.; often joined with other particles, beside those mentioned above esp. with a following tu, tv eva, tv eva tu, ced, q.v., khalu, q.v., ha [cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 31]] &c.; before round or collective numbers and after any numeral in the instr. or abl. it expresses deficiency, e.g. ekayā na viṃśati, not 20 by 1 i.e. 19 [ŚBr.]; pañcabhir na catvāri śatāni, 395 [ib.]; with another or an a priv. it generally forms a strong affirmation [cf. [Vām. v, 1, 9]] e.g. neyaṃ na vakṣyati, she will most certainly declare, [Śak. iii, 9]; nādaṇḍyo 'sti, he must certainly be punished, [Mn. viii, 335]; it may also, like a, form compounds, [Vām. v, 2, 13] [cf. below]) na : that not, lest, for fear lest (with Pot.), [MBh.]; [R.]; [Daś.] &c. na : like, as, as it were (only in Veda and later artificial language, e.g. gauro na tṛṣitaḥ piba, drink like [lit. ‘not’ i.e. ‘although not being’] a thirsty deer; in this sense it does not coalesce metrically with a following vowel). na : [cf. Gk. νη-; Lat. ně-; Angl.Sax. ne, ‘not’; Engl. no, &c.] na : mfn. ([L.]) thin, spare na : vacant, empty na : identical na : unvexed, unbroken na : m. band, fetter na : jewel, pearl na : war na : gift na : welfare na : N. of Buddha na : N. of Gaṇeśa na : = prastuta na : = dviraṇḍa (?) 🔎 ná | ná na : the dental nasal (found at the beginning of words and before or after dental consonants as well as between vowels; subject to conversion into ṇa, [Pāṇ. viii, 4, 1]-[39]). na : ná ind. not, no, nor, neither, [RV.] (nā, [x, 34, 8]) &c. &c. (as well in simple negation as in wishing, requesting and commanding, except in prohibition before an Impv. or an augmentless aor. [cf. 1. mā]; in successive sentences or clauses either simply repeated, e.g. [Mn. iv, 34]; or strengthened by another particle, esp. at the second place or further on in the sentence, e.g. by u [cf. no], utá, api, cāpi, vā, vāpi or atha vā, [RV. i, 170, 1]; [151, 9]; [Nal. iii, 24], &c.; it may even be replaced by ca, vā, api ca, api vā, &c. alone, as, [Mn. ii, 98]; [Nal. i, 14], &c.; often joined with other particles, beside those mentioned above esp. with a following tu, tv eva, tv eva tu, ced, q.v., khalu, q.v., ha [cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 31]] &c.; before round or collective numbers and after any numeral in the instr. or abl. it expresses deficiency, e.g. ekayā na viṃśati, not 20 by 1 i.e. 19 [ŚBr.]; pañcabhir na catvāri śatāni, 395 [ib.]; with another or an a priv. it generally forms a strong affirmation [cf. [Vām. v, 1, 9]] e.g. neyaṃ na vakṣyati, she will most certainly declare, [Śak. iii, 9]; nādaṇḍyo 'sti, he must certainly be punished, [Mn. viii, 335]; it may also, like a, form compounds, [Vām. v, 2, 13] [cf. below]) na : that not, lest, for fear lest (with Pot.), [MBh.]; [R.]; [Daś.] &c. na : like, as, as it were (only in Veda and later artificial language, e.g. gauro na tṛṣitaḥ piba, drink like [lit. ‘not’ i.e. ‘although not being’] a thirsty deer; in this sense it does not coalesce metrically with a following vowel). na : [cf. Gk. νη-; Lat. ně-; Angl.Sax. ne, ‘not’; Engl. no, &c.] na : mfn. ([L.]) thin, spare na : vacant, empty na : identical na : unvexed, unbroken na : m. band, fetter na : jewel, pearl na : war na : gift na : welfare na : N. of Buddha na : N. of Gaṇeśa na : = prastuta na : = dviraṇḍa (?) 🔎 ná | invariable |
| 10.34.3 | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | pronounSGNOM |
| 10.34.3 | vindāmi | √vid- 1 vid : cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 56]) vetti (vidmahe, [Br.]; vedati, °te, [Up.]; [MBh.]; vidáti, °te, [AV.] &c.; vindati, °te, [MBh.] &c.; Impv. vidāṃ-karotu, [Pañcat.] [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 41]]; 1. sg. impf. avedam, 2. sg. avet or aves [[Pāṇ. viii, 2, 75]] [RV.] &c. &c.; 3. pl. avidus, [Br.] [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 109]]; avidan, [MBh.] &c.; pf. véda [often substituted for pr. vetti cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 83]], 3. pl. vidús or vidre, [RV.]; viveda, [MBh.] &c.; vidāṃcakā́ra, [Br.] &c. [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 38]; accord. to [Vop.] also vidām-babhūva]; aor. avedīt, [ib.]; vidām-akran, [TBr.]; fut. veditā́, [ŚBr.]; vettā, [MBh.] fut. vediṣyati, °te, [Br.]; [Up.]; vetsyati, °te, [MBh.] &c.; inf. véditum, °tos, [Br.]; vettum, [MBh.] &c.; ind.p. viditvā́, [Br.] &c.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with acc., in older, language also with gen.; with inf. = to know how to), [RV.] &c. &c. (viddhi yathā, ‘know that’; vidyāt, ‘one should know’, ‘it should be understood’; ya evam veda [in [Br.]], ‘who knows thus’, ‘who has this knowledge’); to know or regard or consider as, take for, declare to be, call (esp. in 3. pl. vidus, with two acc. or with acc. and nom. with iti, e.g. taṃ sthaviraṃ viduḥ, ‘they consider or call him aged’; rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ, ‘they consider me a Rājarṣi’), [Up.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to mind, notice, observe, remember (with gen. or acc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; to experience, feel (acc. or gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to wish to know, inquire about (acc.), [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] : Caus. vedáyate (rarely °ti; aor. avīvidat; Pass. vedyate), to make known, announce, report, tell, [ŚBr.] &c. &c.; to teach, explain, [ŚāṅkhŚr.]; [Nir.]; to recognize or regard as, take for (two acc.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to feel, experience, [ŚBr.]; [Mn.] &c.: Desid. of Caus. in vivedayiṣu, q.v.: Desid. vividiṣati or vivitsati, to wish to know or learn, inquire about (acc.), [ŚBr.]; &c. : Intens. vevidyate, vevetti Gr. vid : [cf. Gk. εἶδον for ἐϝιδον, οἶδα for ϝοιδα = veda; Lat. videre; Slav. věděti; Goth. witan, wait; Germ. wizzan, wissen; Angl.Sax. wât; Eng. wot.] vid : víd mfn. knowing, understanding, a knower (mostly ifc.; superl. vit-tama), [KaṭhUp.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. vid : víd m. the planet Mercury, [VarBṛS.] (cf. 2. jña) vid : víd f. knowledge understanding, [RV.]; [KauṣUp.] vid : (pl.), [Bhām.] vid : (originally identical with √ 1. ) cl. 6. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxviii, 138]) vindáti, °te (Ved. also vitté, vidé; p. vidāná or vidāna [q.v.]; ep. 3. pl. vindate Pot. vindyāt, often = vidyāt; pf. vivéda [3. pl. vividus Subj. vividat], vividvás, 3. pl. vividre, vidré, [RV.] &c. &c.; p. vividvás, [RV.]; vividivas, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 68]; aor. ávidat, °data, [ib.] 3. [Ved. Subj. vidā́si, °dā́t; Pot. vidét, deta, [VS.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; sg. videṣṭa, [AV. ii, 36, 3]]; Ā. 1. sg. avitsi, [RV.]; [Br.]; fut. vettā, vediṣyati Gr.; vetsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; inf. vidé, [RV.]; vettum, [MBh.] &c.; véttave, [AV.]; °ttavai [?] and °tos, [Br.]; ind.p. vittvā́, [AV.]; [Br.]; -vidya, [Br.] &c.), to find, discover, meet or fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess, [RV.] &c. &c. (with diśas, to find out the quarters of the sky, [MBh.]) ; to get or procure for (dat.), [RV.]; [ChUp.]; to seek out, look for, attend to, [RV.] &c. &c.; to feel, experience, [Cāṇ.]; to consider as, take for (two acc.), [Kāv.]; to come upon, befall, seize, visit, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce, [RV.]; [ŚBr.]; (Ā. mc. also P.) to take to wife, marry (with or scil. bhāryām), [RV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman), [AV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; to obtain (a son, with or scil. sutam), [BhP.] : Pass. or Ā. vidyáte (ep. also °ti; p. vidyamāna [q.v.]; aor. avedi), to be found, exist, be, [RV.] &c. &c.; (esp. in later language) vidyate, ‘there is, there exists’, often with na, ‘there is not’; with bhoktum, ‘there is something to eat’; followed by a fut., ‘is it possible that?’, [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 146], Sch.; yathā-vidé, ‘as it happens’ i.e. ‘as usual’, ‘as well as possible’, [RV. i, 127, 4] &c. : Caus. vedayati, to cause to find &c., [MBh.] : Desid. vividiṣati or vivitsati, °te Gr. (cf. vivitsita) : Intens. vevidyate, vevetti, [ib.] (for p. vévidat and °dāna See vi- and saṃ√ vid). vid : (ifc.) finding, acquiring, procuring (see anna-, aśva-, ahar-vid &c.) vid : cl. 7. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxix, 13]) vintte, to consider as, take for (two acc.), [Bhaṭṭ.] 🔎 √vid- 1 | rootSGPRSACT1IND |
| 10.34.3 | kitavásya | kitavá- kitava : kitavá as, m. (g. śauṇḍādi [also vyāghrādi, but not in [Kāś.] & [Gaṇar.]]) a gamester, gambler, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.] &c. kitava : a cheat, fraudulent man, [BhP. viii, 20, 3]; [Megh.]; [Amar.] kitava : (also ifc., e.g. yājñika-k°, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 53], [Kāś.]) kitava : (= matta) a crazy person, [L.] kitava : thorn-apple (cf. dhūrta and unmatta), [L.] kitava : a kind of perfume (commonly Rocana), [Bhpr.] kitava : N. of a man g. tikādi, utkarādi, aśvādi kitava : kitavá (ās), m. N. of a people, [MBh. ii, 1832] 🔎 kitavá- | nominal stemSGMGEN |
| 10.34.3 | bhógam | bhóga- bhoga : bhogá m. (√ bhuj) any winding or curve, coil (of a serpent), [RV.] &c. &c. bhoga : the expanded hood of a snake, [Hariv.]; [Kām.]; [Pañcat.] bhoga : a partic. kind of military array, [Kām.] bhoga : a snake, [Suparṇ.] bhoga : the body, [L.] bhoga : m. (√ 3. bhuj) enjoyment, eating, feeding on [RV.] &c. &c. (with Jainas ‘enjoying once’, as opp. to upa-bhoga, q.v.) bhoga : use, application, [ŚBr.]; [GṛŚrS.] &c. bhoga : fruition, usufruct, use of a deposit &c., [Mn.]; [Yājñ.] bhoga : sexual enjoyment, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. bhoga : enjoyment of the earth or of a country i.e. rule, sway, [MārkP.] bhoga : experiencing, feeling, perception (of pleasure or pain), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. bhoga : profit, utility, advantage, pleasure, delight, [RV.] &c. &c. bhoga : any object of enjoyment (as food, a festival &c.), [MBh.]; [R.] bhoga : possession, property, wealth, revenue, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. bhoga : hire, wages (esp. of prostitution), [L.] bhoga : (in astron.) the passing through a constellation, [VarBṛS.] bhoga : the part of the ecliptic occupied by each of the 27 lunar mansions, [Sūryas.] bhoga : (in arithm.) the numerator of a fraction (?), [W.] bhoga : N. of a teacher, [Cat.] bhoga : n. w.r. for bhogya or bhāgya. 🔎 bhóga- | nominal stemSGMACC |