ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j).

ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.]

ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ].

ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover

ya : wind

ya : joining

ya : restraining

ya : fame

ya : a carriage (?)

ya : barley

ya : light

ya : abandoning

aṃsya : áṃsya (3) mfn. belonging to the shoulder, [RV. i, 191, 7.]

ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j).

ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.]

ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ].

ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover

ya : wind

ya : joining

ya : restraining

ya : fame

ya : a carriage (?)

ya : barley

ya : light

ya : abandoning

aṅgya : áṅgya (3) mfn. belonging to the limbs, [RV. i, 191, 7.]

aṅgya : áṅgya See col. 1.

sūcīka : sūcī́ka m. a stinging insect, [R.]

ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j).

ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.]

ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ].

ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover

ya : wind

ya : joining

ya : restraining

ya : fame

ya : a carriage (?)

ya : barley

ya : light

ya : abandoning

prakaṅkata : pra-kaṅkatá m. a partic. venomous worm or reptile, [RV.]

adṛṣṭa : a-dṛ́ṣṭa or á-dṛṣṭa [[ŚBr.]], mfn. unseen, unforeseen, invisible, not experienced, unobserved, unknown, unsanctioned

adṛṣṭa : a-dṛ́ṣṭa m. N. of a particular venomous substance or of a species of vermin, [AV.]

adṛṣṭa : a-dṛ́ṣṭa n. unforeseen danger or calamity, that which is beyond the reach of observation or consciousness, (especially the merit or demerit attaching to a man's conduct in one state of existence and the corresponding reward or punishment with which he is visited in another)

adṛṣṭa : destiny, fate: luck, bad luck.

kim : kím ind. (fr. 1. ki, originally nom. and acc. sg. n. of 2. ká, q.v.), what? how? whence? wherefore? why?

kim : is much used as a particle of interrogation like the Lat. num, an, sometimes translatable by ‘whether?’ but oftener serving only like a note of interrogation to mark a question (e.g. kiṃ vyādhā vane 'smin saṃcaranti, ‘do hunters roam about in this wood?’ In an interrogation the verb, if uncompounded with a preposition, generally retains its accent after , [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 44]). To this sense may be referred the expressing inferiority, deficiency, &c. at the beginning of compounds (e.g. kiṃ-rājan, what sort of king? i.e. a bad king, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 64]; [v, 4, 70])

kim : also the prefixed to verbs with a similar meaning (e.g. kim-adhīte, he reads badly, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 44],[Kāś.]) —uta, or —uta-vā or —athavā—uta, whether—or—or, [R.]; [Śak.]; [Bhartṛ.] &c. (cf. utá.)

kim : is very frequently connected with other particles, as follows: kím aṅgá, wherefore then? [RV.]

kim : atha kim. See átha

kim : kim api, somewhat, to a considerable extent, rather, much more, still further, [Śak.]; [Megh.] &c.

kim : kim iti, why? [Śak.]; [Kum.]; [Pañcat.] &c.

kim : kim-iva, what for? [Śiś. xvi, 31]

kim : kím-u or kím-utá how much more? how much less? [RV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c.

kim : kiṃ kila, what a pity! (expressing dissatisfaction), [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 146]

kim : kiṃ-ca, moreover, further, [Pañcat.]; [Kathās.] &c.

kim : what more (expressing impatience), [Śak.]

kim : kiṃ-cana (originally -ca na, negative = ‘in no way’), to a certain degree, a little, [Kathās.]

kim : (with a negation) in no way, not at all, [MBh. i, 6132]

kim : kiṃ-cid, somewhat, a little, [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

kim : kiṃ tarhi, how then? but, however, [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 4], [Pat.]; [iv, 1, 163], [Kāś.]

kim : kiṃ-tu, but, however, nevertheless (bearing the same relation to tu that kiṃ-ca bears to ca), [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

kim : kiṃ-nu, whether indeed? (a stronger interrogative than alone), [MBh.]; [R.] &c.

kim : how much more? how much less? [Bhag. i, 35]

kim : kiṃ nu khalu, how possibly? (a still stronger interrogative), [Śak.]

kim : kim punar, how much more? how much less? [R.]; [Bhag. ix, 33] &c.

kim : however, [Bālar.]

kim : but, [ib.]

kim : kiṃ vā, whether? or whether? [Śak.]; [Pañcat.] &c.

kim : or (often a mere particle of interrogation)

kim : kíṃ svid, why? [Kathās. xxvi, 75]

kim : a stronger interrogative than alone, [RV.]; [MBh.]; [Kathās.]

kim : (in comp.)

ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king).

ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]);

ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.]

ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?)

ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?)

ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c.

ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c.

ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20]

ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10]

ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.]

ka : of Yama, [L.]

ka : of Garuḍa

ka : the soul, [Tattvas.]

ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.]

ka : the sun, [L.]

ka : fire, [L.]

ka : splendour, light, [L.]

ka : air, [L.]

ka : a peacock, [L.]

ka : the body, [L.]

ka : time, [L.]

ka : wealth, [L.]

ka : sound, [L.]

ka : a king, [L.]

ka : = kāma-granthi (?)

ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c.

ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c.

ka : the head

ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.]

ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.)

ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse).

cana : caná ind. (ca ná, [SV.]) and not, also not, even not, not even (this particle is placed after the word to which it gives force; a preceding verb is accentuated [[Pāṇ. viii, 1, 57]]; in Vedic language it is generally, but not always, found without any other neg. particle, whereas in the later language another neg. is usually added, e.g. ā́paś canáprá minanti vratáṃ vāṃ, ‘not even the waters violate your ordinance’, [RV. ii, 24, 12]; nā́ha vivyāca pṛthivī́ canaínaṃ, ‘the earth even does not contain him’, [iii, 36, 4]; in class. Sanskṛt it is only used after the interrogatives ká, katará, katamá, katham, kád, kadā́, kim, kútas, kva, making them indefinite), [RV.]; [AV.] &c. also, [RV. i, 139, 2]; [vi, 26, 7]; [viii, 78, 10.]

iha : ihá ind. (fr. pronom. base 3. i), in this place, here

iha : to this place

iha : in this world

iha : in this book or system

iha : in this case (e.g. teneha na, ‘therefore not in this case’ i.e. the rule does not apply here)

iha : now, at this time, [RV.] &c. &c.;

iha : [cf. Zend idha, ‘here’ ; Gk. ἰθᾱ or ἰθαι in ἰθα-γενής and ἰθαι-γενής; Goth. ith; perhaps Lat. igi-tur.]

sarva : sárva mf(A)n. (perhaps connected with sāra, q.v.; inflected as a pronoun except nom. acc. sg. n. sarvam, and serving as a model for a series of pronominals, cf. sarva-nāman) whole, entire, all, every (m. sg. ‘every one’; pl. ‘all’; n. sg. ‘everything’; sometimes strengthened by viśva [which if alone in [RV.] appears in the meaning ‘all’, ‘every’, ‘every one’] and nikhila; sarve'pi, ‘all together’; sarvaḥ ko'pi, ‘every one so ever’; gavāṃ sarvam, ‘all that comes from cows’; with a negation = ‘not any’, ‘no’, ‘none’ or ‘not every one’, ‘not everything’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sarva : of all sorts, manifold, various, different, [MBh.] &c.

sarva : (with another adjective or in comp.; cf. below) altogether, wholly, completely, in all parts, everywhere, [RV.]; [ChUp.] &c.

sarva : sárva m. (declined like a subst.) N. of Śiva, [MBh.]

sarva : of Kṛṣṇa, [Bhag.]

sarva : of a Muni, [Cat.]

sarva : pl. N. of a people, [MārkP.]

sarva : sárva n. water, [Naigh. i, 12.]

sarva : [cf. Gk. ὅλος for ὁλϝος Lat. salvus.]

sākam : sākám ind. (prob. fr. 7. sa + 2. añc; cf. sāci) together, jointly, at the same time, simultaneously, [RV.] &c. &c.

sākam : along with, together with, with (with instr.), [ib.]

ni : ní ind. down, back, in, into, within (except, [AV. x, 8, 7] always prefixed either to verbs or to nouns; in the latter case it has also the meaning of negation or privation [cf. ‘down-hearted’ = heartless]; sometimes w.r. for nis)

ni : it may also express kṣepa, dāna, upa-rama, ā-śraya, mokṣa &c., [L.]

ni : [cf. Zd. ni; Gk. ἐ-νί; Slav. ni-zu; Germ., ni-dar, ni-der, nieder; Angl.Sax. ni-ther, Eng. ne-ther, be-neath.]

ni : (for nī) mfn. See ṛta-ní.

ni : (in music) the 7th note (for niṣadha).

jas : cl. 1. Ā. (p. jásamāna) to be exhausted or starved, [RV. i, 112, 6]; [vii, 68, 8]: P. jásati, to go, [Naigh. ii, 14]: cl. 4. P. to liberate, [Dhātup. xxvi, 102] : Caus. jāsayati (aor. ajījasata, 2. du. jajastám) to exhaust, weaken, cause to expire, [RV. iv, 50, 11]; [ŚBr. ii, 2, 2, 19]; [xii, 4, 3, 9]; to hurt (cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 56]), [Dhātup. xxxii, 127]; to strike, [xxxiii, 44]; to contemn, [ib.]; cf. uj-, ni-; projjāsana.