nis : nís ind. out, forth, away &c. (rarely used as an independent word [e.g. [AV. vi, 18, 3]; [vii, 115, 3]; [xvi, 2, 1]], but mostly as a prefix to verbs and their derivatives [cf. niḥ-√ kṣi &c. below], or to nouns not immediately connected with verbs, in which case it has the sense, ‘out of’, ‘away from’ [cf. nirvana, niṣ-kauśāmbi &c.] or that of a privative or negative adverb = 3. a, ‘without’, ‘destitute of’, ‘free from’, ‘un-’ [cf. nir-artha, nir-mala &c.], or that of a strengthening particle ‘thoroughly’, ‘entirely’, ‘very’ [cf. niḥ-śūnya, niṣ-kevala, nir-muṇḍa]; it is liable to be changed to niḥ, nir, niś, niṣ, and nī; cf. above and below).

nis : See p. 543, col. 2.

vyadh : cl. 4. P. ([Dhātup. xxvi, 72]) vídhyati (ep. also °te; pf. p. vivyādha, [Br.] &c.; 3. pl. vivyadhuḥ, [MBh.], vividhuḥ, [Up.]; Ā. vivyadhe, [MBh.]; p. vividhvás, [RV.]; aor. vyātsīḥ, [Br.]; Prec. vidhyāt Gr.; fut. veddhā, vetsyati, °te, [MBh.]; vyaddhā, vyatsyati Gr.; inf. veddhum, [MBh.]; -vidhe, [RV.]; ind.p. viḍḍhvā, -vidhya, [MBh.]), to pierce, transfix, hit, strike, wound, [RV.] &c. &c. ; (with sirām) to open a vein, bleed, [Suśr.]; to pelt with (instr.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; to inflict, attach to, affect with (acc. of pers. and instr. of thing), [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; [Up.]; to shake, wave, [MBh.]; (in astron.) to fix the position of a heavenly body, [Gol.]; to cling to (acc.), [ŚBr.] : Caus. vyādhayati or vyadhayati, (ep. also vedhayati; aor. avīvidhat or avivyadhat), to pierce, open (a vein), [MBh.]; [Suśr.]; to cause to pierce or perforate, [AitĀr.] : Desid. vivyatsati, to wish to affect or taint with (instr.), [ŚBr.] : Intens. vevidhyate or vāvyaddhi (?) Gr.

giri : loc. of gír.

giri : f. id. g. kṛṣy-ādi.

giri : girí m. (for gari, Zd. gairi cf. gurú, gárīyas; ifc. [Pāṇ. vi, 2, 94]) a mountain, hill, rock, elevation, rising-ground (often connected with párvata, ‘a mountain having many parts’ [cf. párvan] [RV.]; [AV.]), [RV.] &c.

giri : the number ‘eight’ (there being 8 mountains which surround mount Meru), [Śrut.]

giri : a cloud, [Naigh. i, 10]; [Nir.]; [Sāy.]

giri : a particular disease of the eyes, [Pāṇ. vi, 2, 2], Sch. (kiri, [Kāś.]), [Uṇ.]

giri : = -guḍa, [L.]

giri : a peculiar defect in mercury, [L.]

giri : = gairīyaka, [L.]

giri : a honorific N. given to one of the ten orders of the Daś-nāmī Gosains (founded by ten pupils of Śaṃkarācārya; the word is added to the name of each member; cf. gairika)

giri : N. of a son of Śvaphalka, [VP.]

giri : girí f. (= girikā) a mouse, [L.], Sch.

giri : girí mfn. coming from the mountains, [RV. vi, 66, 11]

giri : girí f. venerable, [L.] ([R. iv, 37, 2], Sch.);

giri : [cf. Slav. gora; Afghan. ghur.]

ā : the second vowel of the alphabet corresponding to the a in far.

ā : ind. a particle of reminiscence, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14]; [Pat.]

ā : also of compassion or pain [more correctly written 1. ās, q.v.], and of assent, [L.] [This particle remains unaltered in orthography even before vowels (which causes it to be sometimes confounded with 1. ās), [Pāṇ. i, 1, 14.]]

ā : m. N. of Śiva, [L.]

ā : grandfather, [L.]

ā : f. N. of Lakṣmī, [L.]

ā : ā́ (as a prefix to verbs, especially of motion, and their derivatives) near, near to, towards (see ā-√ kram &c.; in the Veda, of course, the prefix is separable from the verb; in a few cases, [RV. i, 10, 11] and [v, 64, 5], a verb in the imperative is to be supplied; with roots like gam, yā, and i, ‘to go’, and 1. dā, ‘to give’, it reverses the action; e.g. ā-gacchati, ‘he comes’; ā-datte, ‘he takes’). (As a prep. with a preceding acc.) near to, towards, to, [RV.]

ā : (with a preceding noun in the acc., as jóṣam or váram) for, [RV.]

ā : (with a following acc.) up to … exclusively, [AitBr.]

ā : (with a preceding abl.) from, [RV.]; [AV.]

ā : out of, from among (e.g. bahúbhya ā́, ‘from among many’), [RV.]

ā : towards (only in asmád ā́, ‘towards us’), [RV.]

ā : (with a following abl. cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 13] & [3, 10]) up to, to, as far as, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

ā : from, [RV. i, 30, 21]

ā : (with a preceding loc.) in, at, on [RV.]; [AV.] (As an adv. after words expressing a number or degree) fully, really, indeed (e.g. trír ā́ divás, ‘quite or fully three times a day’; mahimā́ vām índrāgnī pániṣṭha ā́,, ‘your greatness, O Indra and Agni, is most praiseworthy indeed’, &c.), [RV.]

ā : (after a subst. or adj.) ‘as, like’, (or it simply strengthens the sense of the preceding word), [RV.], (after a verb), [RV. v, 7, 7]; [KenaUp.]

ā : (as a conjunctive particle) moreover, further, and (it is placed either between the two words connected [rarely after the second, [RV. x, 16, 11], or after both, [RV. x, 92, 8]] or, if there are more, after the last [[RV. iv, 57, 1] and [x, 75, 5]]; see also ātaś ca s.v.) In classical Sanskṛt it may denote the limit ‘to’, ‘until’, ‘as far as’, ‘from’, either not including the object named or including it (sometimes with acc. or abl. or forming an adv.) e.g. ā-maraṇam or ā-maraṇāt, ‘till death’, [Pañcat.] (cf. ā-maraṇānta &c.)

ā : ā-gopālā dvijātayaḥ, ‘the twice-born including the cowherds’, [MBh. ii, 531]

ā : ā-samudram or ā-samudrāt, ‘as far as the ocean’ or ‘from the ocean’ (but not including it)

ā : ā-kumāram, ‘from a child’ or ‘from childhood’ or ‘to a child’ (cf. Lat. a puero), [MBh. iii, 1403]

ā : ā-kumāram yaśaḥ pāṇineḥ, ‘the fame of Pāṇini extends even to children’

ā : ā́ ājānu-bāhu mfn. ‘one whose arms reach down to the knees’, [R. i, 1, 12]

ā : ā́ (see also ākarṇa- and ājanma-)

ā : ā́ (cf. ā-jarasám, ā-vyuṣám, ā-saptama, otsūryám.) Prefixed to adj. [rarely to subst.; cf. ā-kopa] it implies diminution, [Pāṇ. ii, 2, 18] Comm. ‘a little’ e.g. ā-piñjara mfn. a little red, reddish, [Ragh. xvi, 51]

ā : ā́ (see also ā-pakva, oṣṇa, &c.) Some commentaries (e.g. Comm. on [Ragh. iii, 8]) occasionally give to in this application the meaning samantāt, ‘all through, completely’, as ā-nīla, ‘blue all round’.

dhārayat : mf(antI)n. holding, possessing, maintaining &c. (cf. below)

dhārayat : acquainted with, versed in [W.]

dhṛ : cl. 1. P. Ā. dharati, °te ([Dhātup. xxii, 3]; Ā. Pot. dhareran, [ĀpŚr.]), but more commonly in the same sense the Caus. form dhārayati, °te (perf. P. dādhā́ra or dadhā́ra, °dhártha [Impv. dadhartu, [AV.Paipp.]]; Ā. dadhré, 3. pl. °dhriré, [RV.] &c. &c.; aor. adhāram, [R.]; adhṛta, dhṛthās, [AV.]; ádīdharat, [RV.] &c. &c. [dīdhar, didhṛtam, °ta, [RV.]; 3. pl. °rata, [ŚBr.]]; adhārṣīt Gr.; fut. dhariṣyati, [MBh.]; °ṣyé, [AV.]; dhartā, [BhP.]; inf. dhartum, [Kāv.], °tavai, [Br.] [dhartári See under °tṛ]; ind.p. dhṛtvā, -dhṛtya, [Br.]) to hold, bear (also bring forth), carry, maintain, preserve, keep, possess, have, use, employ, practise, undergo, [RV.] &c. &c.; (with or scil. ātmānam, jīvitam, prāṇān, deham, śarīram &c.) to preserve soul or body, continue living, survive, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. (esp. fut. dhariṣyati; cf. Pass. below); to hold back, keep down, stop, restrain, suppress, resist, [Br.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to place or fix in, bestow or confer on (loc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.] &c.; to destine for (dat.; Ā. also to be destined for or belong to), [RV.]; to present to (gen.), [Kāraṇḍ.]; to direct or turn (attention, mind, &c.) towards, fix or resolve upon (loc. or dat.), [Up.]; [Yājñ.]; [MBh.]; Ā. to be ready or prepared for, [ŚBr.]; P. Ā. to owe anything (acc.) to (dat. or gen.), [MBh.] (cf. [Pāṇ. i, 4, 35]); to prolong (in pronunciation), [AitBr.]; [RPrāt.]; to quote, cite, [L.]; (with garbham) to conceive, be pregnant (older °bham-√ bhṛ), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; (with daṇḍam) to inflict punishment on (loc.), [MBh.]; [R.]; [BhP.] (also damam); (with keśān, or śmaśru) to let the hair or beard grow, [MBh.]; (with raśmīn [[ib.]] or praharān [[Śak.]]) to draw the reins tight; (with dharamam) to fulfil a duty, [R.]; (with vratám) to observe or keep a vow, [RV.] &c. &c.; (with dhāraṇām) to practise self-control, [Yājñ.]; (wit. ipas) to perform penance, [BhP.]; (with mūrdhnā or °dhni, śirasā or °si) to bear on the head, honour highly, [Kāv.]; (with or scil. tulayā) to hold in a balance, weigh, measure, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; (with or scil. manasā) to bear in mind, recollect, remember, [ib.]; (with samaye) to hold to an agreement, cause to make a compact, [Pañc. i, 125/126] (B. dṛṣṭvā for dhṛtvā) : Pass. dhriyáte (ep. also °yati; pf. dadhré &c. = Ā.; aor. adhāri) to be borne &c.; to be firm, keep steady, [RV.] &c. &c.; continue living, exist, remain, [Br.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. (also dhāryate, [R.]); to begin, resolve upon, undertake (dat.; acc. or inf.), [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [ChUp.] : Caus. dhāráyati, °te See above: Desid. didhīrṣati (see °ṣā), didhariṣate, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 75]; didhārayiṣati, to wish to keep up or preserve (ātmānam), [Gobh. iii, 5, 30] : Intens. dárdharti ([RV.]) and dādharti (3. pl. °dhrati, [TS.]; cf. [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 65]) to hold fast, bear firmly, fasten.

dhṛ : [cf. Zd. dar ; Gk. θρόνος, θρᾶ-νος, θρή-σασθαι; Lat. frē-tus, frē-num.]

pakva : pakvá mf(A)n. (considered as p.p. of √ 2. pac; cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 2, 52]) cooked, roasted, baked, boiled, prepared on a fire (opp. to āma), [RV.] &c. &c. (also applied to the milk in an udder)

pakva : warmed (cf. dviṣ-), [Gobh.]; [Mn.] &c.

pakva : baked or burnt (as bricks or earthenware pots), [ŚBr.]; [Var.] &c.

pakva : ripe, mature (lit. and fig.), [RV.] &c. &c. (also applied to a tree with ripe fruits)

pakva : grey, hoary (as the hair), [Dhūrtas.]

pakva : accomplished, perfect, fully developed (as the understanding, character &c.), [MBh.]; [BhP.]

pakva : ripe for decay, near to death, decrepit, perishing,decaying, [ib.]

pakva : digested, [W.]

pakva : pakvá n. cooked food, dish, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]

pakva : ripe corn, [AV.]

pakva : the ashes of a burnt corpse, [ib.]

odana : odaná as, am, m. n. (√ ud, [Uṇ. ii, 76]), grain mashed and cooked with milk, porridge, boiled rice, any pap or pulpy substance, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c.

odana : odaná as, m. cloud, [Nigh.]

indra : índra m. (for etym. as given by native authorities See [Nir. x, 8]; [Sāy.] on [RV. i, 3, 4]; [Uṇ. ii, 28]; according to [BRD.] fr. in = √ inv with suff. ra preceded by inserted d, meaning ‘to subdue, conquer’ ; according to [Muir, S. T. v, 119], for sindra fr. √ syand, ‘to drop’; more probably from √ ind, ‘to drop’ q.v., and connected with indu above), the god of the atmosphere and sky

indra : the Indian Jupiter Pluvius or lord of rain (who in Vedic mythology reigns over the deities of the intermediate region or atmosphere; he fights against and conquers with his thunder-bolt [vajra] the demons of darkness, and is in general a symbol of generous heroism; was not originally lord of the gods of the sky, but his deeds were most useful to mankind, and he was therefore addressed in prayers and hymns more than any other deity, and ultimately superseded the more lofty and spiritual Varuṇa; in the later mythology is subordinated to the triad Brahman, Viṣṇu, and Śiva, but remained the chief of all other deities in the popular mind), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [R.] &c. &c.

indra : (he is also regent of the east quarter, and considered one of the twelve Ādityas), [Mn.]; [R.]; [Suśr.] &c.

indra : in the Vedānta he is identified with the supreme being

indra : a prince

indra : ifc. best, excellent, the first, the chief (of any class of objects; cf. surendra, rājendra, parvatendra, &c.), [Mn.]; [Hit.]

indra : the pupil of the right eye (that of the left being called Indrāṇī or Indra's wife), [ŚBr.]; [BṛĀrUp.]

indra : the number fourteen, [Sūryas.]

indra : N. of a grammarian

indra : of a physician

indra : the plant Wrightia Antidysenterica (see kuṭaja), [L.]

indra : a vegetable poison, [L.]

indra : the twenty-sixth Yoga or division of a circle on the plane of the ecliptic

indra : the Yoga star in the twenty-sixth Nakṣatra, γ Pegasi

indra : the human soul, the portion of spirit residing in the body

indra : night, [L.]

indra : one of the nine divisions of Jambu-dvīpa or the known continent, [L.]

bunda : bundá m. an arrow, [RV.] (= iṣu, [Nir.])