sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin).

sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯)

sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2).

sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake

sa : air, wind

sa : a bird

sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva

sa : n. knowledge

sa : meditation

sa : a carriage road

sa : a fence.

sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá).

sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.]

sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’

sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c.

sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.]

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following).

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2.

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

retodhā : reto—dhā́ mfn. = prec. mfn., [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.] &c.

retodhā : reto—dhā́ f. = next, [Kauś.]

vṛṣabha : vṛṣabhá mfn. (cf. ṛṣabha) manly, mighty, vigorous, strong (applied like vṛṣan to animate and inanimate objects), [RV.]; [AV.]

vṛṣabha : vṛṣabhá m. (ifc. f(A). ) a bull (in Veda epithet of various gods, as of Indra, Bṛhas-pati, Parjanya &c.; according to [Sāy.] = varṣayitṛ, ‘a showerer of bounties, benefactor’), [RV.] &c.

vṛṣabha : vṛṣabhá m. the chief, most excellent or eminent, lord or best among (in later language mostly ifc., or with gen.), [ib.]

vṛṣabha : the zodiacal sign Taurus, [VarBṛS.]

vṛṣabha : a partic. drug (described as a root brought from the Himālaya mountains, resembling the horn of a bull, of cooling and tonic properties, and serviceable in catarrh and consumption), [Bhpr.]

vṛṣabha : the hollow or orifice of the ear, [L.]

vṛṣabha : N. of Daśad-yu, [RV.]

vṛṣabha : of an Asura slain by Viṣṇu, [Hariv.] (v.l. ṛṣ°)

vṛṣabha : of one of the sons of the 10th Manu, [MārkP.]

vṛṣabha : of a warrior, [MBh.]

vṛṣabha : of a son of Kuśāgra, [Hariv.] (v.l. ṛṣ°)

vṛṣabha : of a son of Kārtavīrya, [BhP.]

vṛṣabha : (with Jainas) of the first Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī, [Col.]

vṛṣabha : of a mountain in Giri-vraja, [MBh.]; [Hariv.] &c.

vṛṣabha : (in astron.) of the 28th Muhūrta

sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin).

sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯)

sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2).

sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake

sa : air, wind

sa : a bird

sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva

sa : n. knowledge

sa : meditation

sa : a carriage road

sa : a fence.

sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá).

sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.]

sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’

sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c.

sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.]

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following).

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2.

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

ātman : ātmán m. (variously derived fr. an, to breathe; at, to move; vā, to blow; cf. tmán) the breath, [RV.]

ātman : the soul, principle of life and sensation, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

ātman : the individual soul, self, abstract individual [e.g. ātmán (Ved. loc.) dhatte, or karoti, ‘he places in himself’, makes his own, [TS. v]; [ŚBr.]; ātmanā akarot, ‘he did it himself’, [Kād.]; ātmanā vi-√ yuj, ‘to lose one's life’, [Mn. vii, 46]; in the sg. is used as reflexive pronoun for all three persons and all three genders, e.g. ātmānaṃ sā hanti, ‘she strikes herself’; putram ātmanaḥ spṛṣṭvā nipetatuḥ, ‘they two having touched their son fell down’, [R. ii, 64, 28]; see also below s.v. ātmanā]

ātman : essence, nature, character, peculiarity (often ifc., e.g. karmātman, &c.), [RV. x, 97, 11], &c.

ātman : the person or whole body considered as one and opposed to the separate members of the body, [VS.]; [ŚBr.]

ātman : the body, [Ragh. i, 14]; [RāmatUp.]

ātman : (ifc.) ‘the understanding, intellect, mind’, see naṣṭātman, mandā°

ātman : the highest personal principle of life, Brahma (cf. paramātman), [AV. x, 8, 44]; [VS. xxxii, 11]; [ŚBr. xiv], &c.

ātman : effort, [L.]

ātman : (= dhṛti) firmness, [L.]

ātman : the sun, [L.]

ātman : fire, [L.]

ātman : a son, [L.];

ātman : [Old Germ. ātum; Angl.Sax. ædhm; Mod. Germ. Athem, Odem; Gk. ἀϋτμήν, ἀτμός (?).]

jagat : jágat mfn. (√ gam redupl. [Pāṇ. iii, 2, 178], Vārtt. 3) moving, movable, locomotive, living, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

jagat : (= jā́gata) composed in the Jagatī metre, [RV. i, 164, 23]; [ṢaḍvBr. i, 4]; [Lāṭy. i, 8, 9]

jagat : jágat m. air, wind, [L.]

jagat : jágat m. pl. people, mankind, [Rājat. (C) iii, 494]

jagat : jágat n. that which moves or is alive, men and animals, animals as opposed to men, men ([Naigh. ii, 3]), [RV.]; [AV.] &c. (°to madhye, ‘within everybody's sight’, [R. vii, 97, 1]; [5] and [10])

jagat : the world, esp. this world, earth, [ŚBr.]; [Mn.] &c.

jagat : the Jagatī metre, [RV. i, 164, 25]

jagat : ‘N. of a Sāman’, see -sāman

jagat : jágat n. du. heaven and the lower world, [Kir. v, 20]

jagat : jágat n. pl. the worlds (= °gat-traya), [Prab. i, 10]

jagat : people, mankind, [Kpr. x, 50/51] ([Sāh.] & [Kuval.])

jagat : accord. to some also ‘a river’, [RV. x, 75, 2]

sthā : cl. 1. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxii, 30]) tíṣṭhati, °te (pf. tasthaú, tasthe, [RV.] &c. &c.; aor. ásthāt, ásthita, [ib.]; 3. pl. asthiran, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; āsthat [?] [AV.]; asthiṣi, °ṣata, [Br.] &c.; Subj. sthāti, sthā́thaḥ, [RV.]; Prec. stheyāt, [ib.]; stheṣam, °ṣuḥ [?] [AV.]; sthāsīṣṭa Gr.; fut. sthātā, [MBh.] &c.; sthāsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; inf. sthā́tum, [ib.]; °tos, [Br.]; [GṛŚrS.]; -sthitum, [R.]; ind.p. sthitvā, [MBh.] &c.; -sthā́ya, [RV.] &c. &c.; -sthāyam, [Bhaṭṭ.]), to stand, stand firmly, station one's self, stand upon, get upon, take up a position on (with pādābhyām, ‘to stand on the feet’; with jānubhyām, ‘to kneel’; with agre or agratas and gen., ‘to stand or present one's self before’; with puras and with or without gen., ‘to stand up against an enemy &c.’), [RV.] &c. &c.; to stay, remain, continue in any condition or action (e.g. with kanyā, ‘to remain a girl or unmarried’; with tūṣṇīm or with maunena instr. ‘to remain silent’; with sukham, ‘to continue or feel well’), [AV.] &c. &c.; to remain occupied or engaged in, be intent upon, make a practice of, keep on, persevere in any act (with loc.; e.g. with rājye, ‘to continue governing’; with śāsane, ‘to practise obedience’; with bale, ‘to exercise power’; with sva-dharme, ‘to do one's duty’; with sva-karmaṇi, ‘to keep to one's own business’; with saṃśaye, ‘to persist in doubting’; also with ind.p., e.g. dharmam āśritya, ‘to practise virtue’), [AV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to continue to be or exist (as opp. to ‘perish’), endure, last, [TS.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to be, exist, be present, be obtainable or at hand, [AV.] &c. &c.; to be with or at the disposal of, belong to (dat. gen., or loc.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; (Ā. mc. also P. cf. [Pāṇ. i, 3, 23]; [4, 34]) to stand by, abide by, be near to, be on the side of, adhere or submit to, acquiesce in, serve, obey (loc. or dat.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to stand still, stay quiet, remain stationary, stop, halt, wait, tarry, linger, hesitate (see under sthitvā below), [RV.] &c. &c.; to behave or conduct one's self (with samam, ‘to behave equally towards any one’ loc.); to be directed to or fixed on (loc.), [Hariv.]; [Kathās.]; to be founded or rest or depend on, be contained in (loc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; to rely on, confide in (loc., e.g. mayi sthitvā, ‘confiding in me’), [Bhaṭṭ.]; to stay at, resort to (acc.), [R.]; to arise from (abl. or gen.), [RV.]; [ChUp.]; to desist or cease from (abl.), [Kathās.]; to remain unnoticed (as of no importance), be left alone (only Impv. and Pot.), [Kāv.]; [Pañcat.] : Pass. sthīyate (aor. asthāyi), to be stood &c. (frequently used impers., e.g. mayā sthīyatām, ‘let it be abided by me’ i.e. ‘I must abide’), [Br.] &c. &c.: Caus. sthāpayati, °te (aor. átiṣṭhipat; ind.p. sthāpayitvā [q.v.] and -sthā́pam: Pass. sthāpyate), to cause to stand, place, locate, set, lay, fix, station, establish, found, institute, [AV.] &c. &c.; to set up, erect, raise, build, [MBh.]; [R.]; to cause to continue, make durable, strengthen, confirm, [MBh.]; [R.]; [Suśr.] &c.; to prop up, support, maintain, [MBh.]; [Hcat.]; to affirm, assent, [Sāh.]; [Nyāyas.], Sch.; to appoint (to any office loc.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to cause to be, constitute, make, appoint or employ as (two acc.; with dhātrīm, ‘to employ any one as a nurse’; with rakṣārtham, ‘to appoint any one as guardian’; with sajjam, ‘to make anything ready’ ; with su-rakṣitam, ‘to keep anything well guarded’; with svīkṛtya, ‘to make anything one's own’; with pariśeṣam, ‘to leave anything over or remaining’), [ŚvetUp.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to fix, settle, determine, resolve, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to fix in or on, lead or bring into, direct or turn towards (loc., rarely acc.; with hṛdi, ‘to impress on the heart’; with manas, ‘to fix the mind on’), [AV.] &c. &c.; to introduce or initiate into, instruct in (loc., e.g. with naye, ‘to instruct in a plan or system’), [MBh.]; [Kathās.]; to make over or deliver up to (loc. or haste with gen., ‘into the hands of’), [Yājñ.]; [Ratnāv.]; [Kathās.]; to give in marriage, [MBh.]; to cause to stand still, stop, arrest, check, hold, keep in, restrain (with baddhvā, ‘to keep bound or imprisoned’), [ŚBr.] &c. &c.; to place aside, keep, save, preserve, [MBh.]; [Hariv.] : Desid. of Caus. -sthāpayiṣati (see saṃ-√ sthā) : Desid. tíṣṭhāsati, to wish to stand &c., [ŚBr.] : Intens. teṣṭhīyate; tāstheti, tāsthāti Gr.

sthā : [cf. Gk. ἱ-στάναι; Lat. stare; Lith. stóti; Slav. stati; Germ. stân, stehen; Eng. stand.]

sthā : sthā́ (or ṣṭhā́), mfn. (nom. m. n. sthā́s) standing, stationary (often ifc. = ‘standing, being, existing in or on or among’, cf. agni-ṣṭhā, ṛta-sthā &c.), [RV.]; [PañcavBr.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.]

ca : the 20th letter of the alphabet, 1st of the 2nd (or palatal) class of consonants, having the sound of ch in church.

ca : ind. and, both, also, moreover, as well as (= τε, Lat. que, placed like these particles as an enclitic after the word which it connects with what precedes; when used with a personal pronoun this must appear in its fuller accented form (e.g. táva ca máma ca [not te ca me ca], ‘both of thee and me’), when used after verbs the first of them is accented, [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 58 f.]; it connects whole sentences as well as parts of sentences; in [RV.] the double occurs more frequently than the single (e.g. aháṃ ca tváṃ ca, ‘I and thou’, [viii, 62, 11]); the double may also be used somewhat redundantly in class. Sanskṛt (e.g. kva hariṇakānāṃ jīvitaṃ cātilolaṃ kva ca vajra-sārāḥ śarās te, ‘where is the frail existence, of fawns and where are thy adamantine arrows?’, [Śak. i, 10]); in later literature, however, the first is more usually omitted (e.g. ahaṃ tvaṃ ca), and when more than two things are enumerated only one is often found (e.g. tejasā yaśasā lakṣmyā sthityā ca parayā, ‘in glory, in fame, in beauty, and in high position’, [Nal. xii, 6]); elsewhere, when more than two things are enumerated, is placed after some and omitted after others (e.g. ṛṇa-dātā ca vaidyaś ca śrotriyo nadī, ‘the payer of a debt and a physician [and] a Brāhman [and] a river’, [Hit. i, 4, 55]); in Ved. and even in class. Sanskṛt [[Mn. iii, 20]; [ix, 322]; [Hit.]], when the double would generally be used, the second may occasionally be omitted (e.g. indraś ca soma, ‘both Indra [and thou] Soma’, [RV. vii, 104, 25]; durbhedyaś cāśusaṃdheyaḥ, ‘both difficult to be divided [and] quickly united’, [Hit. i]); with lexicographers may imply a reference to certain other words which are not expressed (e.g. kamaṇḍalau ca karakaḥ, ‘the word karaka has the meaning ‘pitcher’ and other meanings’); sometimes is = eva, even, indeed, certainly, just (e.g. su-cintitaṃ cauṣadhaṃ na nāma-mātreṇa karoty arogam, ‘even a well-devised remedy does not cure a disease by its mere name’, [Hit.]; yāvanta eva te tāvāṃśca saḥ, ‘as great as they [were] just so great was he’, [Ragh. xii, 45]); occasionally is disjunctive, ‘but’, ‘on the contrary’, ‘on the other hand’, ‘yet’, ‘nevertheless’ (varam ādyau na cāntimaḥ, ‘better the two first but not the last’, [Hit.] ; śāntam idam āśrama-padaṃ sphurati ca bāhuḥ, ‘this hermitage is tranquil yet my arm throbs’, [Śak. i, 15]); ca-ca, though — yet, [Vikr. ii, 9]; ca-na ca, though — yet not, [Pat.]; — na tu (v.l. nanu) id., [Mālav. iv, 8]; na ca — , though not — yet, [Pat.]; may be used for vā, ‘either’, ‘or’ (e.g. iha cāmutra vā, ‘either here or hereafter’, [Mn. xii, 89]; strī vā pumān vā yac cānyat sattvam, ‘either a woman or a man or any other being’, [R.]), and when a neg. particle is joined with the two may then be translated by ‘neither’, ‘nor’; occasionally one or one na is omitted (e.g. na ca paribhoktuṃ naiva śaknomi hātum, ‘I am able neither to enjoy nor to abandon’, [Śak. v, 18]; na pūrvāhṇe na ca parāhṇe, ‘neither in the forenoon nor in the afternoon’); ca-ca may express immediate connection between two acts or their simultaneous occurrence (e.g. mama ca muktaṃ tamasā mano manasijena dhanuṣi śaraś ca niveśitaḥ, ‘no sooner is my mind freed from darkness than a shaft is fixed on his bow by the heart-born god’, [vi, 8]); is sometimes = ced, ‘if’ (cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 30]; the verb is accented), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Vikr. ii, 20]; [Bhartṛ. ii, 45]; may be used as an expletive (e.g. anyaiś ca kratubhiś ca, ‘and with other sacrifices’); is often joined to an adv. like eva, api, tathā, tathaiva, &c., either with or without a neg. particle (e.g. vairiṇaṃ nopaseveta sahāyaṃ caiva vairiṇaḥ, ‘one ought not to serve either an enemy or the ally of an enemy’, [Mn. iv, 133]); (see eva, api, &c.) For the meaning of after an interrogative See ká, kathā́, kím, kvá);

ca : [cf. τε, Lat. que, pe (in nempe &c.); Goth. uh; Zd. ca; Old Pers. cā.]

ca : mfn. pure, [L.]

ca : moving to and fro, [L.]

ca : mischievous, [L.]

ca : seedless, [L.]

ca : m. a thief, [L.]

ca : the moon, [L.]

ca : a tortoise, [L.]

ca : Śiva, [L.]

tat : for tád. See col. 3.

tat : , 1. tatá. See √ tan

tat : in comp. for tád.

tat : mfn. ifc. See parī-

tat : cf. purī-tát.

sa : the last of the three sibilants (it belongs to the dental class and in sound corresponds to s in sin).

sa : (in prosody) an anapest (˘ ˘ ¯)

sa : (in music) an abbreviated term for ṣaḍ-ja (see p. 1109, col. 2).

sa : m. (only [L.]) a snake

sa : air, wind

sa : a bird

sa : N. of Viṣṇu or Śiva

sa : n. knowledge

sa : meditation

sa : a carriage road

sa : a fence.

sa : mfn. (fr. √ san) procuring, bestowing (only ifc.; cf. palu-ṣá and priya-sá).

sa : sá the actual base for the nom. case of the 3rd pers. pron. tád, q.v. (occurring only in the nom. sg. mf. [sá or sás, sā], and in the Ved. loc. [sásmin, [RV. i, 152, 6]; [i, 174, 4]; [x, 95, 11]]; the final s of the nom. m. is dropped before all consonants [except before p in [RV. v, 2, 4], and before t in [RV. viii, 33, 16]] and appears only at the end of a sentence in the form of Visarga; occasionally blends with another vowel [as in saīṣaḥ]; and it is often for emphasis connected with another pron. as with aham, tvam, eṣa, ayam &c. [e.g. so 'ham, sa tvam, ‘I (or thou) that very person’; cf. under tád, p. 434], the verb then following in the 1st and 2nd pers. even if aham or tvam be omitted [e.g. sa tvā pṛcchāmi ‘I that very person ask you’, [BṛĀrUp.]; sa vai no brūhi ‘do thou tell us’, [ŚBr.]]; similarly, to denote emphasis, with bhavān [e.g. sa bhavān vijayāya pratiṣṭhatām, ‘let your Highness set out for victory’, [Śak.]]; it sometimes [and frequently in the Brāhmaṇas] stands as the first word of a sentence preceding a rel. pronoun or adv. such as ya, yad, yadi, yathā, ced; in this position may be used pleonastically or as a kind of ind., even where another gender or number is required [e.g. sa yadi sthāvarā āpo bhananti, ‘if those waters are stagnant’, [ŚBr.]]; in the Sāṃkhya , like eṣa, ka, and ya, is used to denote Puruṣa, ‘the Universal Soul’), [RV.] &c. &c.

sa : [cf. Zd. hō, hā; Gk. ὁ, ἡ.]

sa : ind. (connected with saha, sam, sama, and occasionally in [BhP.] standing for saha with instr.) an inseparable prefix expressing ‘junction’, ‘conjunction’, ‘possession’ (as opp. to a priv.), ‘similarity’, ‘equality’

sa : (and when compounded with nouns to form adjectives and adverbs it may be translated by ‘with’, ‘together or along with’, ‘accompanied by’, ‘added to’, ‘having’, ‘possessing’, ‘containing’, ‘having the same’ [cf. sa-kopa, sāgni, sa-bhāya, sa-droṇa, sa-dharman, sa-varṇa]; or it may = ‘ly’, as in sa-kopam, ‘angrily’, sopadhi, ‘fraudulently’), [RV.]; &c.

sa : [cf. Gk. ἁ in ἁπλοῦς; Lat. sim in simplex; sem in semel, semper Eng. same.]

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following).

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : See 5. , p. 1111, col. 2.

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following)

sa : (to be similarly prefixed to the following) :

me : cl. 1. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxii, 65]) mayate (ep. also P. mayati; pf. mame Gr.; aor. amāsta, [ib.]; fut. mātā, māsyate, [ib.]; ind.p. -mitya or -māya, [ib.]). to exchange, barter (cf. apa-. and ni-√ me) : Caus. māpayati, [ib.] : Desid. mitsate, [ib.] : Intens. memīyate, māmeti, māmāti, [ib.]

me : (onomat.) imitative of the sound of a bleating goat (me-me-√ kṛ, to bleat), [Kāv.]

aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c.

aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.]

aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az].

ṛtam : ṛtám (ám), ind. right, duly, properly, expressly, very, [RV.]; [BhP.]

ṛtam : (ṛtam √ i, to go the right way, be pious or virtuous, [RV.])

ṛta : ṛtá mf(A)n. met with, afflicted by (with instr.), [TS. v]

ṛta : proper, right, fit, apt, suitable, able, brave, honest, [RV.]; [VS. xvii, 82]

ṛta : true, [MBh.]; [BhP.]; [Mn. viii, 82]; [87]; [Bhag.] &c.

ṛta : worshipped, respected, [L.]

ṛta : enlightened, luminous, [L.]

ṛta : ṛtá (as), m. N. of a Rudra, [MBh.]

ṛta : of a son of Manu Cākṣuṣa, [BhP. iv, 13, 16]

ṛta : of a son of Vijaya, [VP.]

ṛta : ṛtá (am), n. fixed or settled order, law, rule (esp. in religion)

ṛta : sacred or pious action or custom, divine law, faith, divine truth (these meanings are given by, [BRD.] and are generally more to be accepted than those of native authorities and marked, [L.] below), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] &c.

ṛta : truth in general, righteousness, right, [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Mn. viii, 61]; [104]; [Pañcat.] &c.

ṛta : figuratively said of gleaning (as the right means of a Brāhman's obtaining a livelihood as opposed to agriculture, which is anṛta), [Mn. iv, 4 ff.]

ṛta : promise, oath, vow, [TāṇḍyaBr.]; [Lāṭy.]

ṛta : truth personified (as an object of worship, and hence enumerated among the sacred objects in the [Nir.])

ṛta : water, [L.]

ṛta : sacrifice, [L.]

ṛta : a particular sacrifice, [L.]

ṛta : the sun, [L.]

ṛta : wealth, [L.]

ṛta : ṛti, ṛtu See p. 223, col. 2 — p. 224, col. 1.

pātu : m. a protector, [L.]

pātu : N. of Brahmā, ib.

pā : f. guarding, protecting, [L.]

pā : f. = pūta and pūritaka.

pā : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. xxii, 27]) píbati (Ved. and ep. also Ā. °te; rarely pipati, °te, [Kāṭh.]; [Br.]) cl. 2. pāti, pāthás, pānti, [RV.]; [AV.]; p. Ā. papāná, [RV.], pípāna, [AV.] (pf. P. papaú, 2. sg. papātha, [RV.]; papitha, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 64], Sch.; papīyāt, [RV.]; p. papivás, [AV.]; Ā. pape, papire, [RV.]; p. papāná, [ib.]; aor. or impf. apāt, [RV.] [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 77]]; 3. pl. apuḥ [?] [RV. i, 164, 7]; -pāsta, [AV. xii, 3, 43]; Prec. 3. sg. peyās, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; pātā Gr.; ind.p. pītvā́, [RV.] &c. &c., °tvī, [RV.]; -pāya, [AV.] &c. &c.; -pīya, [MBh.]; pāyam, [Kāvyād.]; inf. píbadhyai, [RV.]; pātum, [MBh.] &c.; pā́tave, [AV.]; [Br.]; pā́tavaí, [RV.]), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with acc., rarely gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears &c.), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to drink up, exhaust, absorb, [BhP.]; [Pañc.]; to drink intoxicating liquors, [Buddh.] : Pass. pīyáte, [AV.] &c. &c.: Caus. pāyayati, °te (pf. pāyayām āsā, [MBh.]; aor. apīpyat, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 4]; ind.p. pāyayitvā, [MBh.]; inf. pā́yayitavaí, [ŚBr.]), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle), [RV.] &c. &c.: Desid. pipāsati ([RV.] also pipīṣati), to wish to drink, thirst, [ib.] : Desid. of Caus. pipāyayiṣati, to wish or intend to give to drink, [Kāṭh.] : Intens. pepīyate (p. °yamāna also with pass meaning), to drink greedily or repeatedly, [Up.]; [Hariv.]

pā : [cf. Gk. πέ-πω-κα; Aeol. πώ-νω = πίνω; Lat. pō-tus, pō-tum, bibo for pi-bo; Slav. pi-ja, pi-ti]

pā : mfn. drinking, quaffing &c. (cf. agre-, ṛtu-, madhu-, soma- &c.)

pā : cl. 2. P. ([Dhāt. xxiv, 48]) pā́ti (Impv. pāhí; pr. p. P. pā́t Ā. pāná, [RV.]; pf. papau Gr.; aor. apāsīt, [Rājat.] Subj. pāsati, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, pātā Gr.; Prec. pāyāt, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 68], Sch.; inf. pātum, [MBh.]), to watch, keep, preserve; to protect from, defend against (abl.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to protect (a country) i.e. rule, govern, [Rājat.]; to observe, notice, attend to, follow, [RV.]; [AitBr.] : Caus. pālayati See √ pāl: Desid. pipāsati Gr.: Intens. pāpāyate, pāpeti, pāpāti, [ib.]

pā : [cf. Zd. pā, paiti; Gk. πά-ομαι, πέ-πα-μαι, πῶ-ν, &c.; Lat. pa-sco, pa-bulum; Lith. pë-mů́]

pā : mfn. keeping, protecting, guarding &c. (cf. apāna-, ritā-, go-, tanū- &c.)

pā : cl. 3. Ā. pípīte, to rise against, be hostile (see 2. anūt-√ , p. 41; 2. ut-pā, p. 181; praty-ut- √ , p. 677).

śataśāradāya : śatá—śāradāya (āya), ind. for a hundred autumns or years, [MW.]

śataśārada : śatá—śārada (śatá-), mfn. containing or bestowing &c. a hundred autumns, [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]

śataśārada : śatá—śārada n. a period or age of a hundred years, [RV.]; [AV.]

yūyam : yūyám See under yuṣma, p. 855.col. 3.

pāta : mfn. (for 2. See p. 616, col. 3) watched, protected, preserved, [L.]

pāta : m. (for 1. See under √ 3. pā) flying, mode of flying, flight, [MBh.]

pāta : throwing one's self or falling into (loc.) or from (abl.), fall, downfall (also ifc. after what would be a gen. or abl. &c. e.g., gṛha-, fall of a house; parvata-, fall from a mountain; bhū-, fall on the earth), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.

pāta : alighting, descending or causing to descend, casting or throwing upon, cast, fall (of a thunderbolt), throw, shot, [MBh.]; [R.]; [Pañcat.]

pāta : a stroke (of a sword &c.), [Kathās.]

pāta : application (of ointment, of a knife &c.), [Kāvyād.]

pāta : casting or directing (a look or glance of the eyes), [Ragh.]

pāta : decay of the body (deha-pāta), death, [Kathās.]; [Bādar.]

pāta : (with garbhasya) fall of the fetus, miscarriage, [Suśr.]

pāta : an attack, incursion, [Var.]

pāta : a case, possibility, [ŚāṅkhBr.]

pāta : happening, occurrence, appearance, [Prab.]; [Kathās.]; [Daśar.]

pāta : a fault, error, mistake, [Sūryas.]

pāta : the node in a planet's orbit, [ib.] (cf. [IW. 179])

pāta : a malignant aspect, [ib.]

pāta : N. of Rāhu, [L.]

pāta : pl. N. of a school of the Yajur-veda, [ib.]

pā : f. guarding, protecting, [L.]

pā : f. = pūta and pūritaka.

pā : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. xxii, 27]) píbati (Ved. and ep. also Ā. °te; rarely pipati, °te, [Kāṭh.]; [Br.]) cl. 2. pāti, pāthás, pānti, [RV.]; [AV.]; p. Ā. papāná, [RV.], pípāna, [AV.] (pf. P. papaú, 2. sg. papātha, [RV.]; papitha, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 64], Sch.; papīyāt, [RV.]; p. papivás, [AV.]; Ā. pape, papire, [RV.]; p. papāná, [ib.]; aor. or impf. apāt, [RV.] [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 77]]; 3. pl. apuḥ [?] [RV. i, 164, 7]; -pāsta, [AV. xii, 3, 43]; Prec. 3. sg. peyās, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; pātā Gr.; ind.p. pītvā́, [RV.] &c. &c., °tvī, [RV.]; -pāya, [AV.] &c. &c.; -pīya, [MBh.]; pāyam, [Kāvyād.]; inf. píbadhyai, [RV.]; pātum, [MBh.] &c.; pā́tave, [AV.]; [Br.]; pā́tavaí, [RV.]), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with acc., rarely gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears &c.), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to drink up, exhaust, absorb, [BhP.]; [Pañc.]; to drink intoxicating liquors, [Buddh.] : Pass. pīyáte, [AV.] &c. &c.: Caus. pāyayati, °te (pf. pāyayām āsā, [MBh.]; aor. apīpyat, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 4]; ind.p. pāyayitvā, [MBh.]; inf. pā́yayitavaí, [ŚBr.]), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle), [RV.] &c. &c.: Desid. pipāsati ([RV.] also pipīṣati), to wish to drink, thirst, [ib.] : Desid. of Caus. pipāyayiṣati, to wish or intend to give to drink, [Kāṭh.] : Intens. pepīyate (p. °yamāna also with pass meaning), to drink greedily or repeatedly, [Up.]; [Hariv.]

pā : [cf. Gk. πέ-πω-κα; Aeol. πώ-νω = πίνω; Lat. pō-tus, pō-tum, bibo for pi-bo; Slav. pi-ja, pi-ti]

pā : mfn. drinking, quaffing &c. (cf. agre-, ṛtu-, madhu-, soma- &c.)

pā : cl. 2. P. ([Dhāt. xxiv, 48]) pā́ti (Impv. pāhí; pr. p. P. pā́t Ā. pāná, [RV.]; pf. papau Gr.; aor. apāsīt, [Rājat.] Subj. pāsati, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, pātā Gr.; Prec. pāyāt, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 68], Sch.; inf. pātum, [MBh.]), to watch, keep, preserve; to protect from, defend against (abl.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to protect (a country) i.e. rule, govern, [Rājat.]; to observe, notice, attend to, follow, [RV.]; [AitBr.] : Caus. pālayati See √ pāl: Desid. pipāsati Gr.: Intens. pāpāyate, pāpeti, pāpāti, [ib.]

pā : [cf. Zd. pā, paiti; Gk. πά-ομαι, πέ-πα-μαι, πῶ-ν, &c.; Lat. pa-sco, pa-bulum; Lith. pë-mů́]

pā : mfn. keeping, protecting, guarding &c. (cf. apāna-, ritā-, go-, tanū- &c.)

pā : cl. 3. Ā. pípīte, to rise against, be hostile (see 2. anūt-√ , p. 41; 2. ut-pā, p. 181; praty-ut- √ , p. 677).

svasti : sv-astí n. f. (nom. svastí, °tís; acc. svastí, °tím; instr. svastí, °tyā́; dat. svastáye; loc. svastaú; instr. svastíbhis; also personified as a goddess, and sometimes as Kalā cf. svasti-devī), well-being, fortune, luck, success, prosperity, [RV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; [R.]; [BhP.]

svasti : sv-astí (í), ind. well, happily, successfully (also = ‘may it be well with thee! hail! health! adieu! be it!’ a term of salutation [esp. in the beginning of letters] or of sanction or approbation), [RV.]; &c.

sadā : sádā ind. always, ever, every time, continually, perpetually (with na, ‘never’), [RV.] &c. &c.

aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c.

aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.]

aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az].