yam : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. xxiii, 15]) yácchati (Ved. also °te, and Ved. ep. yámati, °te; pf. yayāma, yeme; 2. sg. yayantha, 3. pl. yemúḥ, yemiré, [RV.] &c. &c.; 3. du. irreg. -yamatuḥ, [RV. v, 67, 1]; aor. áyān, áyamuh; Impv. yaṃsi, yandhí; Pot. yamyās, yamīmahi, [RV.]; áyāṃsam, ayāṃsi, áyaṃsta Subj. yaṃsat, °satas, °sate, [ib.]; [Br.]; 3. sg. -yámiṣṭa, [RV. v, 32, 7]; ayaṃsiṣam Gr.; fut. yantā, [ib.]; yaṃsyati, yamiṣyati, [Br.] &c. inf. yántum, yamitum, [ib.]; yántave, yámitavaí, [RV.]; ind.p. yatvā, yamitvā, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; yátya, [AV.]; [Br.]; -yamya, [GṛŚrS.]; -yámam, [RV.]; [Br.]), to sustain, hold, hold up, support (Ā. ‘one's self’; with loc. ‘to be founded on’), [RV.]; [Br.]; [ChUp.]; to raise, wield (a weapon &c.; Ā. with āyudhaiḥ, ‘to brandish weapons’), [RV.]; to raise, extend or hold (as a screen &c.) over (dat.), [RV.]; (Ā.) to extend one's self before (dat.), [AitBr.]; to raise (the other scale), weigh more, [ŚBr.]; to stretch out, expand, spread, display, show, [RV.]; to hold or keep in, hold back, restrain, check, curb, govern, subdue, control, [ib.] &c. &c.; to offer; confer, grant, bestow on (dat. or loc.), present with (instr.), [RV.] &c. &c.; (with mārgam), to make way for (gen.), [MBh.]; (with prati and abl.), to give anything in exchange for anything, [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 11]; (Ā.) to give one's self up to, be faithful to, obey (dat.), [RV.]; to raise, utter (a sound &c.), [ib.]; to fix, establish, [ib.]; (Ā.) to be firm, not budge, [RV.]; to catch fire, [TBr.] (Sch.) : Pass. yamyáte (aor. áyāmi), to be raised or lifted up or held back or restrained, [RV.] &c. &c.: Caus. yāmayati ([AV.]), yamayati ([Br.] &c.; °te, [MBh.]; aor. ayīyamat), to restrain, hold in, control, keep or put in order: Desid. yiyaṃsati, to wish to restrain &c., [Br.] : Intens. yaṃyamīti (see ud-√ yam) or yaṃyamyate ([Pāṇ. vii, 4, 85], Vārtt. 2, [Pat.]) [cf. Gk. ζημία, ‘restraint, punishment’.]

ya : the 1st semivowel (corresponding to the vowels i and ī, and having the sound of the English y, in Bengal usually pronounced j).

ya : m. (in prosody) a bacchic (˘ ¯ ¯), [Piṅg.]

ya : the actual base of the relative pronoun in declension [cf. yád and Gk. ὅς, ἥ, ὅ].

ya : m. (in some senses fr. √ 1. yā, only, [L.]) a goer or mover

ya : wind

ya : joining

ya : restraining

ya : fame

ya : a carriage (?)

ya : barley

ya : light

ya : abandoning

aśvin : aśvín mfn. possessed of horses, consisting of horses, [RV.]

aśvin : mounted on horseback, [MārkP.]

aśvin : aśvín (ī́), m. a cavalier

aśvin : horse-tamer, [RV.]

aśvin : aśvín (ínā or inau), m. du. ‘the two charioteers’, N. of two divinities (who appear in the sky before the dawn in a golden carriage drawn by horses or birds; they bring treasures to men and avert misfortune and sickness; they are considered as the physicians of heaven), [RV.] &c.

aśvin : a N. of the Nakṣatra presided over by the Aśvins, [VarBṛS.]

aśvin : the number, ‘two’, [ib.]; [Sūryas.]

aśvin : (for aśvi-sutau) the two sons of the Aśvins, viz. Nakula and Sahadeva, [MBh. v, 1816]

aśvin : aśvín (í), n. (= aśva-vat n. q.v.) richness in horses, [RV. i, 53, 4.]

nityam : nítyam (am), ind. always, constantly, regularly, by all means, [RV.] &c. &c. (na nityam, never; nityam an-ādāta, never a receiver, [Mn. vi, 8]).

nitya : nítya mf(A)n. (fr. ni; cf. ni-ja) innate, native, [MBh. iii, 13941]

nitya : one's own (opp. to araṇa), [RV.]

nitya : continual, perpetual, eternal, [RV.] &c. &c.

nitya : ifc. constantly dwelling or engaged in, intent upon, devoted or used to (cf. tapo-n°, dharma-n°, dhyāna-n°, śastra-n°), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.

nitya : ordinary, usual, invariable, fixed, necessary, obligatory (opp. to kāmya, naimittika &c.), [Br.]; [ŚrS.]; [Mn.] &c. (with samāsa m. a compound the meaning of which is not expressed by its members when not compounded, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 3], Sch.; with svarita m. = jātya, the independent Svarita, [TPrāt. ii, 8])

nitya : nítya m. the sea, ocean, [L.]

nitya : nítya n. constant and indispensable rite or act, [W.]

yā : (ā), f. going; a car

yā : restraining, religious meditation

yā : attaining

yā : pudendum muliebre

yā : N. of Lakṣmī.

yā : (collateral form of √ 5. i) cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 41]) yā́ti (1. pl. yāmahe, [MBh.]; impf. 3. pl. ayuḥ, [Br.]; ayān, [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 111], Sch.; pf. yayaú, yayā́tha, yayá, yayúḥ, [RV.] &c. &c.; yaye, [Kāv.]; aor. ayāsam or ayāsiṣam; Subj. yā́sat, yeṣam, yāsiṣat, [RV.]; [Br.]; Prec. yāsiṣīṣṭhās, [Br.]; fut. yātā, [MBh.] &c.; yāsyati, [AV.]; °te, [MBh.]; inf. yātum, [MBh.] &c.; Ved. inf. yaí, yā́tave or °vaí; ind.p. yātvā́, [Br.] &c.; -yā́ya, -yāyam, [ib.]), to go, proceed, move, walk, set out, march, advance, travel, journey (often with instr. or acc. of the way, esp. with gatim, mārgam, adhvānam, panthānam, padavīm, yātrām), [RV.] &c. &c.; to go away, withdraw, retire, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; (also with palāyya) to flee, escape, [R.]; [Kathās.] (with kṣemeṇa or svasti, to escape unscathed, [Pañcat.]; [BhP.]); to go towards or against, go or come to, enter, approach, arrive at, reach, [RV.] &c. &c. (with acc. often followed by prati, e.g. with gṛham, to enter a house; with ripum prati, to march against the enemy; with mṛgayām, to go out hunting; with śirasāmahīm, to bow down to the ground with the head; with prakṛtim, to return to one's natural state; with karṇau, to come to the ears, be heard; with utsavād utsavam, to go from one festival to another; with hastam ifc., to fall into the hands of; with patham or gocaram ifc., to come within range of; esp. with the acc. of an abstract noun = to go to any state or condition, become, be, e.g. vināśaṃ yāti, he goes to destruction i.e. he is destroyed; kāṭhinyaṃ yāti, it becomes hard; dveṣyatāṃ yāti, he becomes hated; similarly nidhanaṃ-√ yā, to die; nidrāṃ-√ yā, to fall asleep; udayaṃ-√ yā, to rise, said of stars &c.; sometimes also with loc., e.g. yāhi rājñaḥ sakāśe, go into the presence of the king, [R.]; or even with dat., e.g. yayatuḥ sva-niveśāya, both went home, [Kathās.] ; na cātmane kṛpaṇasya dhanaṃ yāti, nor does the wealth of the miser go to [i.e. benefit] himself, [Hit.]; phalebhyo yāti, he goes to [fetch] fruits, [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 14], Sch.); to go to for any request, implore, solicit (with two acc.), [RV.]; (with striyam) to go to a woman for sexual intercourse, [MBh.]; to go to for any purpose (inf.), [Bhaṭṭ.]; [Vop.]; often with adverbs, e.g. with bahir, to go out, [Kathās.]; with adho, to go down, sink, [BhP.]; with khaṇḍaśo or dalaśo, to fall to pieces, [Kathās.]; with śata-dhā, to fall into a hundred pieces, [ib.]; to extend to (acc.), [VarBṛS.]; to last for (acc.), [Hit.]; to pass away, elapse (said of time), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to vanish, disappear (as wealth), [Mṛcch.]; to come to pass, prosper, succeed, [BhP.]; to proceed, behave, act, [MBh.]; to find out, discover, [MBh.]; to receive or learn (a science) from (abl.), [BhP.]; to undertake, undergo (acc.), [RV.]; Impv. yātu, be it as it may, [Hit.] : Pass. yāyate, to be gone or moved, [MBh.] : Caus. yāpáyati (aor. ayīyapat), to cause to depart, cause to go or march, dismiss, [Kāv.]; [BhP.]; to cause to go towards (acc.), [Pāṇ. i, 4, 32], Sch. (cf. yāpita); to direct (the gaze) towards (loc.), [Bhartṛ.] (v.l. pātayati); to drive away remove, cure (a disease), [Suśr.]; to cause to pass or elapse, pass or spend (time), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to live (Pāli yāpeti), [Divyāv.]; to cause to subsist, support, maintain, [Divyāv.]; to induce, [MW.] : Desid. yiyāsati, to intend or be about to go, desire to proceed, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.: Intens. īyāyate (?), to move, [PraśnUp.]; yāyayate, yāyeti, yāyāti Gr.

yā : (ifc.) going, moving (see ṛṇa-, eva-, tura-, deva-yā).

yā : f. of ya, q.v.

yajña : yajñá m. worship, devotion, prayer, praise

yajña : act of worship or devotion, offering, oblation, sacrifice (the former meanings prevailing in Veda, the latter in post-Vedic literature; cf. mahā-y°), [RV.] &c. &c.

yajña : a worshipper, sacrificer, [RV. iii, 30, 15]; [32, 12]

yajña : fire, [L.]

yajña : = ātman, [L.]

yajña : Sacrifice personified, [MBh.]; [Hariv.]

yajña : (with prājāpatya) N. of the reputed author of [RV. x, 130], [Anukr.]

yajña : N. of a form of Viṣṇu, [Pur.]

yajña : of Indra under Manu Svāyambhuva, [ib.]

yajña : of a son of Ruci and Ākūti, [ib.]

svapatya : sv-apatyá n. good offspring (also applied to good work or deeds; dat. tyaí), [RV.]

svapatya : sv-apatyá mfn. having good offspring, [ib.]

kṣaya : kṣáya See √ 1. 2. and 4. kṣi.

kṣaya : kṣáya m. ‘dominion’, [Sāy.] (on, [RV. vii, 46, 2]).

kṣaya : kṣáya mfn. dwelling, residing, [RV. iii, 2, 13]; [viii, 64, 4]

kṣaya : kṣáya m. an abode, dwelling-place, seat, house (cf. uru- and su-kṣáya, rátha-, divikṣayá), [RV.]; [VS. v, 38]; [TS.]; [Pāṇ.]; [MBh.]; [R.]; [BhP.]

kṣaya : the house of Yama (cf. yama-kṣ°, vaivasvata-kṣ°)

kṣaya : abode in Yama's dominion Comm. on [R. (ed. Bomb.) ii, 109, 11]

kṣaya : (= kṣití) family, race, [RV. i, 123, 1.]

kṣaya : kṣayá (the accent is on the last syllable in the sense ‘destruction’, accord. to [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 56] and [vi, 1, 63].) m. ([Pāṇ. vi, 1, 201]) loss, waste, wane, diminution, destruction, decay, wasting or wearing away (often ifc.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.

kṣaya : fall (as of prices, opposed to vṛddhi, e.g. kṣayo vṛddhiś ca paṇyānām, ‘the fall and rise in the price of commodities’), [Yājñ. ii, 258]

kṣaya : removal, [W.]

kṣaya : end, termination (e.g. nidrā-kṣ°, the end of sleep, [R. vi, 105, 14]; dina-kṣaye, at the end of day, [MBh. i, 699]; [R. iv, 3, 10]; jīvita-kṣaye, at the end of life, [Daś.]; āyuṣaḥ kṣ° id., [Ragh.]; kṣayaṃ √ gam, √ yā, √ i, or upa√ i, to become less, be diminished, go to destruction, come to an end, perish, [Nal.]; [R.]; [Suśr.]; [VarBṛS.]; [Daś.]; [Amar.]; [Hit.]; kṣayaṃ√ nī, to destroy, [R. v, 36, 51])

kṣaya : consumption, phthisis pulmonalis, [Suśr.]; [Hcat.]

kṣaya : sickness in general, [L.]

kṣaya : the destruction of the universe, [Pañcat.]

kṣaya : (in alg.) a negative quantity, minus, [Āryabh.]

kṣaya : = -māsa, [Jyot.]

kṣaya : = kṣayāha, [Gaṇit.]

kṣaya : N. of a prince, [VP.]

kṣaya : kṣayá (am), n. N. of the last year in the sixty years' Bṛhaspati cycle, [VarBṛS.]

aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c.

aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.]

aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az].

svajanman : svá—janman (svá-), mfn. self-begotten, own, [RV.]

śeṣas : śéṣas n. offspring, [RV.]

vṛdh : cl. 1. Ā. ([Dhātup. xviii, 20]) várdhate (Ved. and ep. also °ti; pf. vavárdha, vavṛdhe, [RV.] &c. &c. [Ved. also vāvṛ°; vavṛdhāti, °dhītā́s, °dhásva, [RV.]; vāvṛdhéte, [RV.]; p. vāvṛdhát or vavṛdhát, [RV.]; [AV.]; aor. Ved. avṛdhat, vṛdhātas, °dhātu; p. vṛdhát, °dhāná]; avardhiṣṭa, [MBh.] &c.; Prec. vardhiṣīmáhi, [VS.]; fut. vardhitā Gr.; vartsyati, [Kāv.]; vardhiṣyate Gr.; inf. Ved. vṛdhe [‘for increase’, ‘to make glad’], vṛdháse, vāvṛdhádhyai; Class. vardhitum; ind.p. vṛddhvā, or vardhitvā Gr.; in [MBh.] √ is sometimes confounded with √ 1. vṛt), trans. P., to increase, augment, strengthen, cause to prosper or thrive, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; to elevate, exalt, gladden, cheer, exhilarate (esp. the gods, with praise or sacrifice), [RV.]; (intrans. Ā.; in Ved. P. in pf. and aor.; in Class. P. in aor. fut. and cond.; also P. mc. in other forms), to grow, grow up, increase, be filled or extended, become longer or stronger, thrive, prosper, succeed, [RV.] &c. &c.; to rise, ascend (as the scale in ordeals), [Yājñ., Sch.]; to be exalted or elevated, feel animated or inspired or excited by (instr. loc. gen.) or in regard to (dat.), become joyful, have cause for congratulation (vṛdhaḥ, °dhat in sacrificial formulas = ‘mayest thou or may he prosper’; in later language often with diṣṭyā), [RV.] &c. &c.: Caus. vardháyati, °te (in later language also vardhāpayati; aor. Ved. avīvṛdhat, °dhata), to cause to increase or grow, augment, increase, make larger or longer, heighten, strengthen, further, promote (Ā. ‘for one's self’), [RV.] &c. &c.; to rear, cherish, foster, bring up, [ib.]; to elevate, raise to power, cause to prosper or thrive, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c.; to exalt, magnify, glorify (esp. the gods), make joyful, gladden (Ā. in Ved. also = to rejoice, be joyful, take delight in [instr.], enjoy, [RV.] &c. &c.; with or scil. diṣṭyā) to congratulate, [Kād.]; (cl. 10. accord. to [Dhātup. xxxiii, 109]) ‘to speak’ or ‘to shine’ (bhāṣārthe or bhāsārthe) : Desid. of Caus. See vivardhayiṣu: Desid. vivardhiṣate or vivṛtsati Gr.: Intens. varīvṛdhyate, varivṛdhīti, [ib.]