pra : prá ind. before

pra : forward, in front, on, forth (mostly in connection with a verb, esp. with a verb of motion which is often to be supplied; sometimes repeated before the verb, cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 6]; rarely as a separate word, e.g. [AitBr. ii, 40])

pra : as a prefix to subst. = forth, away, cf. pra-vṛtti, pra-sthāna

pra : as prefix to adj. = excessively, very, much, cf. pra-caṇḍa, pra-matta

pra : in nouns of relationship = great- cf. pra-pitāmaha, pra-pautra

pra : (according to native lexicographers it may be used in the senses of gati, ā-rambha, ut-karṣa, sarvato-bhāva, prāthamya, khyāti, ut-patti, vy-avahāra), [RV.]; &c.

pra : [cf. puras, purā, pūrva; Zd. fra; Gk. πρό; Lat. pro; Slav. pra-, pro-; Lith. pra-; Goth. faúr, faúra; Germ. vor; Eng. fore.]

pra : mfn. (√ pṝ or prā) filling, fulfilling

pra : (n. fulfilment ifc.; cf. ākūti-, kakṣya-, kāma-)

pra : like, resembling (ifc.; cf. ikṣu-, kṣura-).

mah : (orig. magh; cf. also √ maṃh) cl. 1. 10. P. ([Dhātup. xvii, 81]; [xxxv, 15]) mahati, maháyati (Ved. and ep. also Ā. mahate, °háyate; p. mahát, q.v.; pf. mamāha Gr.; māmahé; Subj. māmahanta, māmahas, [RV.]; aor. amahīt Gr.; fut. mahitā, mahiṣyati, [ib.]; ind.p. mahitvā, [MBh.]; inf. mahe, and maháye, q.v.) to elate, gladden, exalt, arouse, excite, [RV.]; [Br.]; [Kauś.]; [ChUp.]; [MBh.]; to magnify, esteem highly, honour, revere, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; (Ā.) to rejoice, delight in (instr. or acc.), [RV. iii, 52, 6]; [vi, 15, 2]; to give, bestow, [ib.] [i, 94, 6]; [117, 17]; [v, 27, 1] &c.

mah : [cf. Gk. μέγ-ας; Lat. magnus, mactus; Old Germ. michel; Eng. mickle, much.]

mah : máh mf(I/ or = m.)n. great, strong, powerful mighty, abundant, [RV.]; [VS.]

mah : (with pitṛ or mātṛ) old, aged, [RV. i, 71, 5]; [v, 41, 15] &c.

mati : &c. See p. 783, col. 2.

mati : matí f. (in [ŚBr.] also máti) devotion, prayer, worship, hymn, sacred utterance, [RV.]; [VS.]

mati : thought, design, intention, resolution, determination, inclination, wish, desire (with loc. dat. or inf.), [RV.] &c. &c. (matyā ind. wittingly, knowingly, purposely; matiṃ √ kṛ or dhā or dhṛ or ā-√ dhā or samā-√ dhā or ā-√ sthā or sam-ā-√ sthā, with loc. dat. acc. with prati, or artham ifc., to set the heart on, make up one's mind, resolve, determine; matim with Caus. of ni-√ vṛt and abl. of a verbal noun, to give up the idea of; āhita-mati ifc. = having resolved upon; vinivṛtta-mati with abl. = having desisted from)

mati : opinion, notion, idea, belief, conviction, view, creed, [ŚrS.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (matyā ind. at will; ifc., ‘under the idea of’ e.g. vyāghra-m°, ‘under the idea of its being a tiger’)

mati : the mind, perception, understanding, intelligence, sense, judgement, [ŚBr.] &c. &c. (in [RV.] also ‘that which is sensible’, intelligent, mindful, applied to Aditi, Indra and Agni)

mati : esteem, respect, regard, [Kir.]

mati : memory, remembrance, [L.]

mati : Opinion personified (and identified with Subalātmajā as one of the mothers of the five sons of Pāṇḍu, or regarded as a daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Soma, or as the wife of Viveka), [MBh.]; [Hariv.]; [Prab.]

mati : a kind of vegetable or pot-herb, [L.]

mati : matí m. N. of a king, [Buddh.]

mati : [cf. Lat. mens; Angl.Sax. ge-mynd; Eng. mind.]

yantu : See su-yántu.

i : the third vowel of the alphabet, corresponding to i short, and pronounced as that letter in kill &c.

i : ind. an interjection of anger, calling, sorrow, distress, compassion, &c., (g. cādi, [Pāṇ. i, 4, 57], &c.)

i : base of Nominative case and Acc. sg. du. and pl. of the demonstrative pronoun idam, ‘this’ or ‘that’

i : [cf. ítara, itas, iti, íd, idā́, iyat, iva, iha: cf. also Lat. id; Goth. ita; Eng. it; Old Germ. iz; Mod. Germ. es.]

i : m. N. of Kāmadeva, [L.]

i : cl. 2. P. éti (Impv. 2. sg. ihí) and 1. P. Ā. áyati, ayate [cf. √ ay], (pf. iyāya [2. sg. iyátha, [AV. viii, 1, 10], and iyétha, [RV.]] fut. eṣyati; aor. aiṣīt; inf. etum, étave, [RV.] & [AV.], étavaí, [RV.] étos, [RV.] ityaí, [RV. i, 113, 6]; [124, 1]) to go, walk; to flow; to blow; to advance, spread, get about; to go to or towards (with acc.), come, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; [R.]; [Hit.]; [Ragh.] &c.; to go away, escape, pass, retire, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [R.]; to arise from, come from, [RV.]; [ChUp.]; to return (in this sense only fut.), [MBh.]; [R.]; (with punar) to come back again, return, [MBh.]; [R.]; [Pañcat.] &c.; to succeed, [Mn. iii, 127]; to arrive at, reach, obtain, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Śak.]; [Hit.] &c.; to fall into, come to; to approach with prayers, gain by asking (cf. ita); to undertake anything (with acc.); to be employed in, go on with, continue in any condition or relation (with a part. or instr., e.g. asura-rakṣasāni mṛdyamānāni yanti, ‘the Asuras and Rakshases are being continually crushed’, [ŚBr. i, 1, 4, 14]; gavāmayaneneyuḥ, ‘they, were engaged in the [festival called] Gavāmayana’, [KātyŚr. xxv, 5, 2]); to appear, be, [KaṭhUp.] : Intens. Ā. ī́yate ([RV. i, 30, 18]; p. iyāná, [RV.]; inf. iyádhyai, [RV. vi, 20, 8]) to go quickly or repeatedly; to come, wander, run, spread, get about, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; to appear, make one's appearance, [RV.]; [AV.]; [BṛĀrUp.]; to approach any one with requests (with two acc.), ask, request, [RV.]; [AV.]: Pass. ī́yate, to be asked or requested, [RV.]: Caus. āyayati, to cause to go or escape, [Vop.];

i : [cf. Gk. εἶ-μι, ἴ-μεν; Lat. e-o, ī-mus, i-ter, &c.; Lith. ei-mì, ‘I go’; Slav. i-dû, ‘I go’, i-ti, ‘to go’; Goth. i-ddja, ‘I went’.]

viṣṇu : víṣṇu m. (prob. fr. √ viṣ, ‘All-pervader’ or ‘Worker’) N. of one of the principal Hindū deities (in the later mythology regarded as ‘the preserver’, and with Brahmā ‘the creator’ and Śiva ‘the destroyer’, constituting the well-known Tri-mūrti or triad; although Viṣṇu comes second in the triad he is identified with the supreme deity by his worshippers; in the Vedic period, however, he is not placed in the foremost rank, although he is frequently invoked with other gods [esp. with Indra whom he assists in killing Vṛtra and with whom he drinks the Soma juice; cf. his later names Indrānuja and Upendra]; as distinguished from the other Vedic deities, he is a personification of the light and of the sun, esp. in his striding over the heavens, which he is said to do in three paces [see tri-vikrama and cf. bali, vāmana], explained as denoting the threefold manifestations of light in the form of fire, lightning, and the sun, or as designating the three daily stations of the sun in his rising, culminating, and setting ; Viṣṇu does not appear to have been included at first among the Ādityas [q.v.], although in later times he is accorded the foremost place among them; in the Brāhmaṇas he is identified with sacrifice, and in one described as a dwarf; in the Mahā-bhārata and Rāmāyaṇa he rises to the supremacy which in some places he now enjoys as the most popular deity of modern Hindū worship; the great rivalry between him and Śiva [cf. vaiṣṇava and śaiva] is not fully developed till the period of the Purāṇas: the distinguishing feature in the character of the Post-vedic Viṣṇu is his condescending to become incarnate in a portion of his essence on ten principal occasions, to deliver mankind from certain great dangers [cf. avatāra and [IW. 327]]; some of the Purāṇas make 22 incarnations, or even 24, instead of 10; the Vaiṣṇavas regard Viṣṇu as the supreme being, and often identify him with Nārāyaṇa, the personified Puruṣa or primeval living spirit [described as moving on the waters, reclining on Śeṣa, the serpent of infinity, while the god Brahmā emerges from a lotus growing from his navel; cf. [Manu. i, 10]]; the wives of Viṣṇu are Aditi and Sinīvālī, later Lakṣmī or Śrī and even Sarasvatī; his son is Kāma-deva, god of love, and his paradise is called Vaikuṇṭha; he is usually represented with a peculiar mark on his breast called Śrī-vatsa, and as holding a śaṅkha, or conch-shell called Pāñcajanya, a cakra or quoit-like missile-weapon called Su-darśana, a gadā or club called Kaumodakī and a padma or lotus; he has also a bow called Śārṅga, and a sword called Nandaka; his vāhana or vehicle is Garuḍa q.v.; he has a jewel on his wrist called Syamantaka, another on his breast called Kaustubha, and the river Ganges is said to issue from his foot; the demons slain by him in his character of ‘preserver from evil’, or by Kṛṣṇa as identified with him, are Madhu, Dhenuka, Cāṇūra, Yamala, and Arjuna [see yamalārjuna], Kāla-nemi, Haya-grīva, Śakaṭa, Ariṣṭa, Kaiṭabha, Kaṃsa, Keśin, Mura, Śālva, Mainda, Dvi-vida, Rāhu, Hiraṇya-kaśipu, Bāṇa, Kāliya, Naraka, Bali; he is worshipped under a thousand names, which are all enumerated in [MBh. xiii, 6950]-[7056]; he is sometimes regarded as the divinity of the lunar mansion called Śravaṇa), [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. [RTL. 44]; [IW. 324])

viṣṇu : N. of the month Caitra, [VarBṛS.]

viṣṇu : (with prājāpatya) of the author of [RV. x, 84]

viṣṇu : of a son of Manu Sāvarṇa and Bhautya, [MārkP.]

viṣṇu : of the writer of a law-book, [Yājñ.]

viṣṇu : of the father of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī, [L.]

viṣṇu : (also with gaṇaka, kavi, daivajña, paṇḍita, bhaṭṭa, miśra, yatīndra, vājapeyin, śāstrin &c.) of various authors and others, [Inscr.]; [Cat.]

viṣṇu : = agni, [L.]

viṣṇu : = vasu-devatā, [L.]

viṣṇu : = śuddha, [L.]

viṣṇu : víṣṇu f. N. of the mother of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī, [L.]

viṣṇu : víṣṇu n. pl. (in a formula), [ĀpŚr.]

viṣṇu : (viṣṇor with apamarṇam, ājya-doham, vratam; [oḥ] sāma, svarīyaḥ N. of Sāmans; with ṣoḍaśa-nāma-stotram, anusmṛtiḥ, aṣṭāviṃśati-nāma-stotram, and mahā-stutiḥ N. of works.)

girijā : giri—jā́ See s.v. 3. girí.

girijā : giri—jā f. N. of several plants (a kind of lemon tree; kārī; kṣudra-pāṣāṇa-bhedā; giri-kadalī; trāyamāṇā; śveta-buhvā), [L.]

girijā : N. of the goddess Pārvatī (as the daughter of the personified Himālaya mountain), [BhP. i], [x]; [Kathās.]; [Ānand.]

girijā : giri—jā́ mfn. proceeding from the mountains [[NBD.]; ‘proceeding from the voice’ (giri loc. fr. 1. gír), [Sāy.]], [RV. v, 87, 1.]

evayāmarut : eva—yā—marut m. ‘accompanied or protected by the quick Maruts’, N. of a Ṛṣi, [RV. v, 87, 1 ff.]

evayāmarut : N. of a hymn ([RV. v, 87]), [AitBr. vi, 30, 1 ff.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.] &c.

pra : prá ind. before

pra : forward, in front, on, forth (mostly in connection with a verb, esp. with a verb of motion which is often to be supplied; sometimes repeated before the verb, cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 6]; rarely as a separate word, e.g. [AitBr. ii, 40])

pra : as a prefix to subst. = forth, away, cf. pra-vṛtti, pra-sthāna

pra : as prefix to adj. = excessively, very, much, cf. pra-caṇḍa, pra-matta

pra : in nouns of relationship = great- cf. pra-pitāmaha, pra-pautra

pra : (according to native lexicographers it may be used in the senses of gati, ā-rambha, ut-karṣa, sarvato-bhāva, prāthamya, khyāti, ut-patti, vy-avahāra), [RV.]; &c.

pra : [cf. puras, purā, pūrva; Zd. fra; Gk. πρό; Lat. pro; Slav. pra-, pro-; Lith. pra-; Goth. faúr, faúra; Germ. vor; Eng. fore.]

pra : mfn. (√ pṝ or prā) filling, fulfilling

pra : (n. fulfilment ifc.; cf. ākūti-, kakṣya-, kāma-)

pra : like, resembling (ifc.; cf. ikṣu-, kṣura-).

śardha : śárdha mfn. (√ śṛdh) defiant, bold (orig. ‘breaking wind against another’), [RV.]

śardha : śárdha m. breaking wind, flatulence, [Vop.]

śardha : a (defiant or bold) host, troop (esp. the host of the Maruts), [RV.]

śardha : &c. See p. 1058, col. 2.

prayajyu : prá-°yajyu (prá-), mfn. worshipful, adorable, [RV.] (= prakarṣeṇa pūjya, [Sāy.]; others ‘pressing onwards, rushing on’).

sukhādi : su—khādí mfn. (for See p. 1221, col. 3) wearing beautiful bracelets or rings (said of the Maruts), [RV.]

sukhādi : mfn. (for See p. 1220, col. 3) beginning with pleasure, pleasure &c. (see sukha-duḥkhādi).

tavas : tavás mfn. (√ tu) strong, energetic, courageous, [RV.] (compar. °vás-tara [cf. távīyas], [i, 30, 7] superl. °vás-tama, [190, 5]; [ii, 33, 3])

tavas : tavás m. power, strength, courage, [RV. iii, 1, 1] and [30, 8]; [AV. xi, 1, 14]

tavas : cf. prá-, svá-.

bhandadiṣṭi : bhandád-iṣṭi mfn. (prob.) hastening along with shouts and yells (said of the Maruts), [RV. v, 87, 1] (cf. krandád-iṣṭi).

dhunivrata : dhúni—vrata (dhu°), mfn. roaring habitually, [ib.]

śavas : śávas n. (orig. ‘swelling, increase’) strength, power, might, superiority, prowess, valour, heroism (°sā ind. mightily, with might), [RV.]; [AV.]

śavas : water, [L.]

śavas : a dead body (= -śava), [L.]

śavas : śávas m. N. of a teacher, [Cat.]