1.84.17
क ई॑षते तु॒ज्यते॒ को बि॑भाय॒ को मं॑सते॒ सन्त॒मिन्द्रं॒ को अन्ति॑
कस्तो॒काय॒ क इभा॑यो॒त रा॒येऽधि॑ ब्रवत्त॒न्वे॒३॒॑ को जना॑य
1.84.17
ká īṣate tujyáte kó bibhāya
kó maṃsate sántam índraṃ kó ánti
kás tokā́ya ká íbhāyotá rāyé
-ádhi bravat tanvè kó jánāya
1.84.17
kaḥfrom ká-
from √īṣ-
from √tuj-
from ká-
from √bhī-
from ká-
from √man- 1
from √as- 1
from índra-
from ká-
from ánti
from ká-
from toká-
from ká-
from íbha-
from utá
from rayí- ~ rāy-
from ádhi
from √brū-
from tanū́-
from ká-
from jána-
1.84.17
Who fleeth forth? who suffereth? who feareth? Who knoweth Indra present, Indra near us? Who sendeth benediction on his offspring, his household, wealth and person, and the People?
| Source index | Surface | Lemma | Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.84.17 | káḥ | ká- ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king). ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]); ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.] ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?) ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c. ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c. ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20] ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10] ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.] ka : of Yama, [L.] ka : of Garuḍa ka : the soul, [Tattvas.] ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.] ka : the sun, [L.] ka : fire, [L.] ka : splendour, light, [L.] ka : air, [L.] ka : a peacock, [L.] ka : the body, [L.] ka : time, [L.] ka : wealth, [L.] ka : sound, [L.] ka : a king, [L.] ka : = kāma-granthi (?) ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c. ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c. ka : the head ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.] ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.) ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse). 🔎 ká- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.84.17 | īṣate | √īṣ- īṣ : cl. 1. Ā. (with prep. also P.) ī́ṣate, -ti (p. ī́ṣamāṇa, [RV.]; [AV.]; īṣé, īṣitum) to go; to fly away, escape, [RV.]; [AitBr.]; to attack, hurt, [TS.]; to glean, collect a few grains; to look, [Dhātup.] īṣ : ind. a Nidhana or concluding chorus at the end of a Sāman, [ĀrṣBr.] 🔎 √īṣ- | rootSGPRSMED3IND |
| 1.84.17 | tujyáte | √tuj- tuj : túj f. (only acc. °jam dat. °jé) = túc, [iii]-[v.] tuj : cl. 6. (3.du. Ā. °jete; p. P. °ját; inf. jáse and túje; Pass. p. °jyámāna), and tuñj (3. pl. P. °jánti Ā. °játe; p. °jāná, túñjāna, and túñjamāna), to strike, hit, push, [RV.]; to press out (‘túñjati, to give’, [Naigh.]; [Nir.]), [RV. i], [ix]; Ā. to flow forth, [iii, 1, 16]; to instigate, incite, [i], [iii]; Pass. to be vexed, [i, 11, 5]: cl. 1. tojati, to hurt, [Dhātup. vii, 70]: Caus. (p. tujáyat; aor. Pot. tutujyā́t, p. tū́tujāna, q.v.) to promote, [RV. i, 143, 6]; to move quickly, [vii, 104, 7]; tuñjayati, ‘to speak’ or ‘to shine’, [Dhātup. xxxiii, 82]; tuñj° or tojayati, to hurt, [xxxii, 30]; to be strong, [ib.]; to give or take, [ib.]; to abide, [ib.]; cf. ā-tují. tuj : túj mfn. urging, [RV.] tuj : túj f. (only instr. °jā) shock, impulse, assault, [RV.] 🔎 √tuj- | rootSGPRSPASS3IND |
| 1.84.17 | káḥ | ká- ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king). ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]); ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.] ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?) ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c. ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c. ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20] ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10] ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.] ka : of Yama, [L.] ka : of Garuḍa ka : the soul, [Tattvas.] ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.] ka : the sun, [L.] ka : fire, [L.] ka : splendour, light, [L.] ka : air, [L.] ka : a peacock, [L.] ka : the body, [L.] ka : time, [L.] ka : wealth, [L.] ka : sound, [L.] ka : a king, [L.] ka : = kāma-granthi (?) ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c. ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c. ka : the head ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.] ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.) ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse). 🔎 ká- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.84.17 | bibhāya | √bhī- bhī : cl. 3. P. ([Dhātup. xxv, 2]) bibhéti (du. bibhītas or bibhitas Pot. bibhīyāt or bibhiyāt, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 115]; Pot. 3. pl. bibhyeyuḥ, [MBh. xii, 459]; impf. 3. pl. abibhayuḥ, [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 83], Sch.; ep. also Ā. 1. sg. bibhye and and P. 3. sg. bibhyati pl. bibhyanti; Ved. also cl. 1. Ā. bháyate, and accord, to, [Dhātup. xxxiv, 15], cl. 10. P. bhāyayati; pf. bibhāya, 3. pl. bibhyuḥ, [RV.] &c. &c.; bībhāya, [AitBr.]; bibhayā́ṃ cakara, [ŚBr.] cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 39]; aor. abhaiṣīt, °ṣma, °ṣuḥ, [RV.]; [AV.] &c., 2. sg. bhaiṣīs, [AV.], bhais, [Br.] &c., esp. in mābhais, ‘do not be afraid’; once for pl. = mā bhaiṣṭa, [R. i, 55, 25]; bhes, [Br.]; bhema, [RV.], p. Ā. bhiyāná, [ib.]; fut. bhetā Gr.; cond. abheṣyat, [ŚBr.]; inf. bhiyáse, [RV.]; bhetum, [MBh.] &c.), to fear, be afraid of (abl. or gen., rarely instr. or acc.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to fear for, be anxious about (abl.), [R.] : Pass. bhīyate, aor., abhāyi Gr.: Caus. bhīṣáyate ([ŚBr.] &c.; cf. [Pāṇ. i, 3, 68]), bhīṣayati ([MBh.]; once mc. bhiṣ°, [BhP.]; p. bhīṣayāṇa, [MBh.]; aor. bībhiṣaḥ, [TS.], °ṣathāḥ, [RV.]), bhāyayati, °te ([Pāṇ. i, 3, 68], Sch.; Pot. bhāyayes, [Megh. 61]; v.l. bhīṣayes; aor. bībhayat, ábībhayanta, [RV.]; ind.p. -bhāyya, [Br.]), bhāpayate ([Pāṇ. vi, 1, 56], Sch.), to terrify, put in a fright, intimidate, [RV.] &c. &c.: Desid. bibhīṣati Gr.: Intens. bebhīyate, bebhayīti, bebheti, [ib.] bhī : [cf. √ bhyas; Lith. bijótis; Slav. bojati; Germ. biben, beben.] bhī : bhī́ f. fear, apprehension, fright, alarm, dread of (abl. loc. acc. with prati, or comp.), [RV.]; &c. 🔎 √bhī- | rootSGPRFACT3IND |
| 1.84.17 | káḥ | ká- ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king). ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]); ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.] ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?) ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c. ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c. ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20] ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10] ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.] ka : of Yama, [L.] ka : of Garuḍa ka : the soul, [Tattvas.] ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.] ka : the sun, [L.] ka : fire, [L.] ka : splendour, light, [L.] ka : air, [L.] ka : a peacock, [L.] ka : the body, [L.] ka : time, [L.] ka : wealth, [L.] ka : sound, [L.] ka : a king, [L.] ka : = kāma-granthi (?) ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c. ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c. ka : the head ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.] ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.) ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse). 🔎 ká- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.84.17 | maṃsate | √man- 1 man : in comp. for 1. mad. man : cl. 8. 4. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxx, 9]; [xxv, 67]) manuté, mányate (ep. also °ti; 3. pl. manvaté, [RV.]; pf. mene, [Br.] &c.; mamnā́the, °nā́ts, [RV.]; aor. ámata, ámanmahi Subj. manāmahe, mananta, p. manāná, q.v., [RV.]; maṃsi, amaṃsta Subj. maṃsate Prec. maṃsīṣṭa, 1. pers. mc. masīya, [ib.]; māṃsta, [AV.], °stādm, [TĀr.]; mandhvam, [Br.]; amaniṣṭa Gr.; fut. maṃsyate, [Br.], °ti, [MBh.]; manta, manitā Gr.; maniṣyate, [RV.]; inf. mantum, [MBh.] &c., mántave, °tavai, [RV.], mántos, [Br.]; ind.p. matvā́, [Up.] &c.; manitvā Gr.; -matya, [Br.] &c.; -manya, [MBh.] &c.), to think, believe, imagine, suppose, conjecture, [RV.] &c. &c. (manye, I think, methinks, is in later language often inserted in a sentence without affecting the construction; cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. iv, 1, 106]); to regard or consider any one or anything (acc.) as (acc. with or without iva, or adv., often in -vat; in later language also dat., to express contempt [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 3, 17]], e.g. g. rājyaṃ tṛṇāya manye, ‘I value empire at a straw’ i.e. I make light of it = laghu √ man, and opp. to bahu, or sādhu √ man, to think much or well of, praise, approve), [ib.]; to think one's self or be thought to be, appear as, pass for (nom.; also with iva), [ib.]; to be of opinion, think fit or right, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to agree or be of the same opinion with (acc.), [MBh.]; to set the heart or mind on, honour, esteem (with na, disdain), hope or wish for (acc. or gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to think of (in prayer &c., either ‘to remember, meditate on’, or ‘mention, declare’, or ‘excogitate, invent’), [RV.]; [AV.]; to perceive, observe, learn, know, understand, comprehend (acc., Ved. also gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to offer, present, [MBh.] : Caus. ([Dhātup. xxxiv, 36]) mānayati (ep. also °te; aor. amīmanat; Pass. mānyate), to honour, esteem, value highly (also with uru, bahu and sādhu), [AV.] &c. &c.; (Ā.) stambhe, [Dhātup. xxxiii, 35]; garvake, [ib.]; [Vop.] : Desid. ([Dhātup. xxiii, 3]) mīmāṃsate (rarely °ti; amīmāṃsiṣṭhās, [ŚBr.]; mīmāṃsyáte, [AV.]; mimaṃsate, mimaniṣate Gr.), to reflect upon, consider, examine, investigate, [AV.]; [Br.] &c.; to call in question, doubt (‘with regard to’ loc.), [ib.] : Desid. of Desid. mimāmiṣate Gr.: Intens. manmanyate, manmanti, [ib.] man : [cf. Zd. man; Gk. μένω, μέμονα, Lat. meminisse, monere; Slav. and Lith. minė́ti; Goth. ga-munan; Germ. meinen; Eng. mean.] 🔎 √man- 1 | rootSGAORMED3SBJV |
| 1.84.17 | sántam | √as- 1 as : cl. 2. P. ásti (2. sg. ási, 1. sg. ásmi; pl. smási or smás, sthá, sánti; (rarely Ā., e.g. 1. pl. smahe, [MBh. xiii, 13]); Subj. ásat; Imper. astu, 2. sg. edhi (fr. as-dhi cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 119]); Pot. syā́t; impf. ā́sīt, rarely ās [only in [RV. x]; cf. [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 97]] ; perf. 1. and 3. sg., ā́sa, 2. sg. ā́sitha, 3. pl. āsúḥ; p. m. sát f. satī́) to be, live, exist, be present; to take place, happen; to abide, dwell, stay; to belong to (gen. or dat.); to fall to the share of, happen to any one (gen.); to be equal to (dat.), [ŚBr. xiv]; [Mn. xi, 85]; to turn out, tend towards any result, prove (with dat.); to become, [BṛĀrUp.] &c., (cf. [Pāṇ. v, 4, 51]-[55]); to be (i.e. used as copula, but not only with adj., but also with adv. [e.g. tūṣṇīm āsīt, [MBh. iii, 4041]], and often with part., [e.g. perf. Pass. p. prasthitāḥ sma, [N.]; fut. p.p. hantavyo 'smi, [N.]; fut. p. especially with Pot., and only in [ŚBr.], as yádi dāsyán-t-syā́t, ‘if he should intend to give’]; the pf. āsa helps to form the periphrastic perf., and asmi &c. the fut.); as : [cf. Gk. ἐσ-τί; Lat. es-t; Goth. is-t; Lith. es-ti.] as : cl. 4. P. ásyati (p. ásyat; impf. ā́syat, [AV.] [cf. parās and vy-as]; fut. p. asiṣyát; aor. āsthat [[Nir. ii, 2]; [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 17]; cf. vy-as]; perf. P. āsa [cf. parās] Ā. āse [cf. vy-as]; Ved. Inf. ástave, [VS.]) to throw, cast, shoot at (loc. dat., or gen.), [RV.] &c.; to drive or frighten away, [Nalod. iv, 36]; See also 1. astá s.v. as : asati, °te = √ aṣ, q.v. 🔎 √as- 1 | rootSGMACCPRSACTnon-finite:PTCP |
| 1.84.17 | índram | índra- indra : índra m. (for etym. as given by native authorities See [Nir. x, 8]; [Sāy.] on [RV. i, 3, 4]; [Uṇ. ii, 28]; according to [BRD.] fr. in = √ inv with suff. ra preceded by inserted d, meaning ‘to subdue, conquer’ ; according to [Muir, S. T. v, 119], for sindra fr. √ syand, ‘to drop’; more probably from √ ind, ‘to drop’ q.v., and connected with indu above), the god of the atmosphere and sky indra : the Indian Jupiter Pluvius or lord of rain (who in Vedic mythology reigns over the deities of the intermediate region or atmosphere; he fights against and conquers with his thunder-bolt [vajra] the demons of darkness, and is in general a symbol of generous heroism; was not originally lord of the gods of the sky, but his deeds were most useful to mankind, and he was therefore addressed in prayers and hymns more than any other deity, and ultimately superseded the more lofty and spiritual Varuṇa; in the later mythology is subordinated to the triad Brahman, Viṣṇu, and Śiva, but remained the chief of all other deities in the popular mind), [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [R.] &c. &c. indra : (he is also regent of the east quarter, and considered one of the twelve Ādityas), [Mn.]; [R.]; [Suśr.] &c. indra : in the Vedānta he is identified with the supreme being indra : a prince indra : ifc. best, excellent, the first, the chief (of any class of objects; cf. surendra, rājendra, parvatendra, &c.), [Mn.]; [Hit.] indra : the pupil of the right eye (that of the left being called Indrāṇī or Indra's wife), [ŚBr.]; [BṛĀrUp.] indra : the number fourteen, [Sūryas.] indra : N. of a grammarian indra : of a physician indra : the plant Wrightia Antidysenterica (see kuṭaja), [L.] indra : a vegetable poison, [L.] indra : the twenty-sixth Yoga or division of a circle on the plane of the ecliptic indra : the Yoga star in the twenty-sixth Nakṣatra, γ Pegasi indra : the human soul, the portion of spirit residing in the body indra : night, [L.] indra : one of the nine divisions of Jambu-dvīpa or the known continent, [L.] 🔎 índra- | nominal stemSGMACC |
| 1.84.17 | káḥ | ká- ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king). ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]); ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.] ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?) ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c. ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c. ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20] ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10] ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.] ka : of Yama, [L.] ka : of Garuḍa ka : the soul, [Tattvas.] ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.] ka : the sun, [L.] ka : fire, [L.] ka : splendour, light, [L.] ka : air, [L.] ka : a peacock, [L.] ka : the body, [L.] ka : time, [L.] ka : wealth, [L.] ka : sound, [L.] ka : a king, [L.] ka : = kāma-granthi (?) ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c. ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c. ka : the head ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.] ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.) ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse). 🔎 ká- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.84.17 | ánti anti : ánti ind. before, in the presence of near, [RV.]; [AV.] anti : (with gen.) within the proximity of, to anti : [cf. Lat. ante; Gk. ἀντί]. anti : f. an elder sister (in theatrical language), [L.] for 1. ánti See col. 2. 🔎 ánti | ánti anti : ánti ind. before, in the presence of near, [RV.]; [AV.] anti : (with gen.) within the proximity of, to anti : [cf. Lat. ante; Gk. ἀντί]. anti : f. an elder sister (in theatrical language), [L.] for 1. ánti See col. 2. 🔎 ánti | invariable |
| 1.84.17 | káḥ | ká- ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king). ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]); ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.] ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?) ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c. ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c. ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20] ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10] ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.] ka : of Yama, [L.] ka : of Garuḍa ka : the soul, [Tattvas.] ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.] ka : the sun, [L.] ka : fire, [L.] ka : splendour, light, [L.] ka : air, [L.] ka : a peacock, [L.] ka : the body, [L.] ka : time, [L.] ka : wealth, [L.] ka : sound, [L.] ka : a king, [L.] ka : = kāma-granthi (?) ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c. ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c. ka : the head ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.] ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.) ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse). 🔎 ká- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.84.17 | tokā́ya | toká- toka : toká n. (fr. √ 1. tuc) offspring, children, race, child (often joined with tánaya; rarely pl. [AV. i], [v]; [BhP. vi]), [RV.]; [AV.]; [Kāṭh.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.]; [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 1]; [Kār.]; [BhP.] toka : a new-born child; [ii], [x] toka : toká m. ifc. the offspring of an animal (e.g. aja-, a young goat), [iii], [x] toka : cf. ava-tokā, jīvat-tokā and sa-toka toka : √ tvakṣ. 🔎 toká- | nominal stemSGNDAT |
| 1.84.17 | káḥ | ká- ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king). ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]); ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.] ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?) ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c. ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c. ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20] ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10] ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.] ka : of Yama, [L.] ka : of Garuḍa ka : the soul, [Tattvas.] ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.] ka : the sun, [L.] ka : fire, [L.] ka : splendour, light, [L.] ka : air, [L.] ka : a peacock, [L.] ka : the body, [L.] ka : time, [L.] ka : wealth, [L.] ka : sound, [L.] ka : a king, [L.] ka : = kāma-granthi (?) ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c. ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c. ka : the head ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.] ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.) ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse). 🔎 ká- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.84.17 | íbhāya | íbha- ibha : íbha m. (?√ i, [Uṇ. iii, 153]) servants, dependants, domestics, household, family, [RV.] [[BRD.]] ibha : fearless [[Sāy.]] ibha : an elephant, [Mn.]; [Bhartṛ.]; [Ragh.] &c. ibha : the number eight ibha : N. of a plant, [L.] ibha : (accord. to some also in [RV.] = ‘elephant’) ibha : [cf. Gk. ἐλ-έϕας Lat. ebur.] 🔎 íbha- | nominal stemSGMDAT |
| 1.84.17 | utá uta : mfn. (fr. √ ve, q.v.), sewn, woven. uta : utá ind. and, also, even, or, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [ChUp.] &c. uta : often used for the sake of emphasis, especially at the end of a line after iti or a verb (e.g. sarva-bhūtāni tam pārtha sadā paribhavanty uta, all creatures, O king, certainly always despise him, [MBh. iii, 1026]), [MBh.]; [Bhag.] &c. (As an interrogative particle, generally at the beginning of the second or following part of a double interrogation) or, utrum-an (e.g. katham nirṇīyate kiṃ syān niṣkāraṇo bandhur uta viśvāsa-ghātakaḥ, how can it be decided whether he be a friend without a motive or a violator of confidence? [Hit.]), [Kum.]; [Kathās.]; [Bhartṛ.]; [Sāh.] &c. uta : in this sense it may be strengthened by āho (e.g. kaccit tvam asi mānuṣī utāho surāṅganā, art thou a mortal woman or divine? Nala), or by āho-svit (e.g. śālihotraḥ kiṃ nu syād utāhosvid rājā nalaḥ, can it be Śālihotra or king Nala?) Rarely kim is repeated before used in this sense (e.g. kim nu svargāt prāptā tasyā rūpeṇa kimutānyāgatā, has she arrived from heaven or has another come in her form? [Mṛcch.]), [Amar.]; [MBh.] &c. (As a particle of wishing, especially at the beginning of a sentence followed by a potential) would that! utinam! (e.g. utādhīyīta, would that he would read!) ( preceded by kim) on the contrary, how much more, how much less (e.g. samartho 'si sahasram api jetuṃ kimutaikam, thou art able to conquer even a thousand, how much more one, [R.]), [Śak.]; [Vikr.]; [Ragh.] &c. ( preceded by prati) on the contrary, rather (e.g. eṣa pṛṣṭo 'smābhir na jalpati hanti praty-uta pāṣāṇaiḥ, this one questioned by us does not speak, but rather throws stones at us), [Kathās.]; [Pañcat.] &c. uta : uta vā, or else, and (e.g. samudrād uta vā purīṣāt, from the sea or from the moisture in the air) uta : vā — uta vā or utāho vāpi — vā, either — or uta : — , both — and (e.g. uta balavān utābalaḥ, both the strong and the weak) uta : kim — uta vā, whether — or else. uta : mfn. woven &c. See 1. , p. 175, col. 2. 🔎 utá | utá uta : mfn. (fr. √ ve, q.v.), sewn, woven. uta : utá ind. and, also, even, or, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [ChUp.] &c. uta : often used for the sake of emphasis, especially at the end of a line after iti or a verb (e.g. sarva-bhūtāni tam pārtha sadā paribhavanty uta, all creatures, O king, certainly always despise him, [MBh. iii, 1026]), [MBh.]; [Bhag.] &c. (As an interrogative particle, generally at the beginning of the second or following part of a double interrogation) or, utrum-an (e.g. katham nirṇīyate kiṃ syān niṣkāraṇo bandhur uta viśvāsa-ghātakaḥ, how can it be decided whether he be a friend without a motive or a violator of confidence? [Hit.]), [Kum.]; [Kathās.]; [Bhartṛ.]; [Sāh.] &c. uta : in this sense it may be strengthened by āho (e.g. kaccit tvam asi mānuṣī utāho surāṅganā, art thou a mortal woman or divine? Nala), or by āho-svit (e.g. śālihotraḥ kiṃ nu syād utāhosvid rājā nalaḥ, can it be Śālihotra or king Nala?) Rarely kim is repeated before used in this sense (e.g. kim nu svargāt prāptā tasyā rūpeṇa kimutānyāgatā, has she arrived from heaven or has another come in her form? [Mṛcch.]), [Amar.]; [MBh.] &c. (As a particle of wishing, especially at the beginning of a sentence followed by a potential) would that! utinam! (e.g. utādhīyīta, would that he would read!) ( preceded by kim) on the contrary, how much more, how much less (e.g. samartho 'si sahasram api jetuṃ kimutaikam, thou art able to conquer even a thousand, how much more one, [R.]), [Śak.]; [Vikr.]; [Ragh.] &c. ( preceded by prati) on the contrary, rather (e.g. eṣa pṛṣṭo 'smābhir na jalpati hanti praty-uta pāṣāṇaiḥ, this one questioned by us does not speak, but rather throws stones at us), [Kathās.]; [Pañcat.] &c. uta : uta vā, or else, and (e.g. samudrād uta vā purīṣāt, from the sea or from the moisture in the air) uta : vā — uta vā or utāho vāpi — vā, either — or uta : — , both — and (e.g. uta balavān utābalaḥ, both the strong and the weak) uta : kim — uta vā, whether — or else. uta : mfn. woven &c. See 1. , p. 175, col. 2. 🔎 utá | invariable |
| 1.84.17 | rāyé | rayí- ~ rāy- rayi : rayí m. or (rarely) f. (fr. √ rā; the following forms occur in the Veda, rayis, °yím, °yibhis, °yīṇām; rayyā́, °yyaí, °yyā́m; cf. 2. rai), property, goods, possessions, treasure, wealth (often personified), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [Br.]; [ŚrS.]; [ChUp.] rayi : stuff, materials, [PraśnUp.] rayi : v.l. for raji, q.v. rayi : rayí mfn. (?) rich, [RV. viii, 31, 11]; [ix, 101, 7.] 🔎 rayí- ~ rāy- | nominal stemSGMDAT |
| 1.84.17 | ádhi adhi : m. (better ādhi, q.v.), anxiety adhi : f. a woman in her courses (= avi, q.v.), [L.] adhi : ádhi ind., as a prefix to verbs and nouns, expresses above, over and above, besides. As a separable adverb or preposition adhi : (with abl.) Ved. over adhi : from above, from adhi : from the presence of adhi : after, [AitUp.] adhi : for adhi : instead of [RV. i, 140, 11], (with loc.) Ved. over adhi : on adhi : at adhi : in comparison with adhi : (with acc.) over, upon, concerning. 🔎 ádhi | ádhi adhi : m. (better ādhi, q.v.), anxiety adhi : f. a woman in her courses (= avi, q.v.), [L.] adhi : ádhi ind., as a prefix to verbs and nouns, expresses above, over and above, besides. As a separable adverb or preposition adhi : (with abl.) Ved. over adhi : from above, from adhi : from the presence of adhi : after, [AitUp.] adhi : for adhi : instead of [RV. i, 140, 11], (with loc.) Ved. over adhi : on adhi : at adhi : in comparison with adhi : (with acc.) over, upon, concerning. 🔎 ádhi | invariablelocal particle:LP |
| 1.84.17 | bravat | √brū- brū : cl. 2. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 35]) brávīti, brūté (only pr. stem; the other forms are supplied by √ vac cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 53]; brūmi for bravīmi, [R.]; Subj. brávas, °vat, [RV.]; Impv. brūhi, ep. also bravīhi, bruvadhvam; brūtāt, [Pāṇ. vii, 1, 35], Sch.; impf. abruvam for abravam, [Up.]; [MBh.]; pr.p. Ā. ep. bruvamāṇa for bruvāṇa; Prec. 2. pl. brūyāsta, [Nal. xvii, 36], prob. w.r. for brūyās tat), to speak, say, tell (either intrans.; or with acc. of pers. or thing; or with acc. of thing and acc. dat. gen. or loc. of person = to tell or relate anything to; with two acc. also = declare or pronounce to be, call), [RV.] &c. &c.; to speak about any person or thing (acc. with or without prati, or adhikṛtya), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to proclaim, predict, [Var.]; to answer (either intrans. with punar or trans. with praśnam, ‘a question’), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; (with anyathā) to speak or decide or judge wrongly, [Mn.]; [Pañcat.]; (Ā., rarely P.) to call or profess one's self to be (nom., rarely with iti), [RV.]; [Br.]; [MBh.]; (Ā.) to designate for one's self, choose, [AitBr.]; (Ā.) to be told by itself, tell itself (tell its tale), [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 89], Vārtt. 1, [Pat.] brū : [cf. Zd. mrū.] 🔎 √brū- | rootSGPRSACT3SBJV |
| 1.84.17 | tanvè | tanū́- tanū : in comp. for °nú. tanū : tanū́ f. (of °nú, q.v.; acc. °nvám, [RV.] &c., [BhP. iii]; °nuvam [[Pāṇ. vi, 4, 77], Vārtt.] [BhP. vii, 9, 37]; instr. °nuvā, [iii f.]; gen. abl. °nvás, [RV.] &c.; loc. °nví & °nvī́, [RV.]; °nvā́m, [AV.] &c.; du. °nū́ [[RV. x, 183, 2]; [AV. iv, 25, 5]], °nvā́ [[RV.]], °núvau [[TBr. i, 1, 7, 3]], °nvau [see gharma-]; pl. nom. & acc. °nvás, [RV.] &c., [BhP. i]; nom. °núvas, [TBr. i, 1, 7, 3]) the body, person, self (often used like a reflexive pron.; cf. ātmán), [RV.] &c. tanū : form or manifestation, [RV.] &c. (tanū́ manyos, ‘a sign of wrath’, [PārGṛ. iii, 13, 5]). 🔎 tanū́- | nominal stemSGFDAT |
| 1.84.17 | káḥ | ká- ka : the first consonant of the alphabet, and the first guttural letter (corresponding in sound to k in keep or king). ka : ká kas, kā, kim, interrog. pron. (see kim and kad, and cf. the following words in which the interrogative base appears, katama, katara, kati, katham, kadā, karhi, kā, &c.), who? which? what? In its declension follows the pronoun tad except in nom. acc. sing. neut., where kim has taken the place of kad or kat in classical Sanskṛt; but the old form kad is found in the Veda (see [Gram. 227]); ka : [cf. Zd. ka, kô, kâ, kat; Gk. πόθεν, πῶς, (Ion. κόθεν, κῶς), τίς, τί; Lat. quis, quid; Lith. kas ká; Goth. hvas, hvô, hva, Angl.Sax. hwā, hwaet; Eng. who, what.] ka : The interrogative sentence introduced by is often terminated by iti (e.g. kasya sa putra iti kathyatām, let it be said, ‘whose son is he?’), but iti may be omitted and the sentence lose its direct interrogative character (e.g. kasya sa putro na jñāyate, it is not known whose son he is). with or without √ 1. as may express ‘how is it possible that?’ ‘what power have I, you, they, &c.?’ (e.g. ke mama dhanvino'nye, what can the other archers do against me? ke āvām paritrātum, what power have we to rescue you?) is often connected with a demonstrative pron. (e.g. ko 'yam āyāti, who comes here?) or with the potential (e.g. ko hariṃ nindet, who will blame Hari?) is sometimes repeated (e.g. kaḥ ko 'tra, who is there? kān kān, whom? whom? i.e. which of them? cf. [Gram. 54]), and the repetition is often due to a kind of attraction (e.g. keṣāṃ kiṃ śāstram adhyayanīyam, which book is to be read by whom? [Gram. 836. a]). When kim is connected with the inst. c. of a noun or with the indeclinable participle it may express ‘what is gained by doing so, &c.?’ (= ko'rthas); (e.g. kiṃ vilambena, what is gained by delay? kim bahunā, what is the use of more words? dhanena kiṃ yo na dadāti, what is the use of wealth to him who does not give? with inst. and gen., nīrujaḥ kim auṣadhaiḥ, what is the use of medicine to the healthy?) ka : is often followed by the particles iva, u, nāma, nu, vā, svid, some of which serve merely to generalize the interrogation (e.g. kim iva etad, what can this be? ka u śravat, who can possibly hear? ko nāma jānāti, who indeed knows? ko nvayam, who, pray, is this? kiṃ nu kāryam, what is to be done? ko vā devād anyaḥ, who possibly other than a god? kasya svid hṛdayaṃ nāsti, of what person is there no heart?) ka : is occasionally used alone as an indefinite pronoun, especially in negative sentences (e.g. na kasya ko vallabhaḥ, no one is a favourite of any one; nānyo jānāti kaḥ, no one else knows; kathaṃ sa ghātayati kam, how does he kill any one?) Generally, however, is only made indefinite when connected with the particles ca, caná, cid, vā, and ápi, in which case may sometimes be preceded by the relative ya (e.g. ye ke ca, any persons whatsoever; yasyai kasyai ca devatāyai, to any deity whatsoever; yāni kāni ca mitrāṇi, any friends whatsoever; yat kiṃca, whatever). The particle cana, being composed of ca and na, properly gives a negative force to the pronoun (e.g. yasmād indrād ṛte kiṃcana, without which Indra there is nothing), but the negative sense is generally dropped (e.g. kaścana, any one; na kaścana, no one), and a relative is sometimes connected with it (e.g. yat kiṃcana, anything whatsoever). Examples of cid with the interrogative are common; vā and api are not so common, but the latter is often found in classical Sanskṛt (e.g. kaścid, any one; kecid, some; na kaścid, no one; na kiṃcid api, nothing whatsoever; yaḥ kaścid, any one whatsoever; kecit — kecit, some — others; yasmin kasmin vā deśe, in any country whatsoever; na ko 'pi, no one; na kimapi, nothing whatever). may sometimes be used, like 2. kad, at the beginning of a compound. See ka-pūya, &c. ka : ká as, m. (according to native authorities) N. of Prajāpati or of a Prajāpati, [VS. xx, 4]; [xxii, 20]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr.] &c. ka : of Brahman, [MBh. i, 32]; [BhP. iii, 12, 51]; [xii, 13, 19]; [20] ka : of Dakṣa, [BhP. ix, 10, 10] ka : of Viṣṇu, [L.] ka : of Yama, [L.] ka : of Garuḍa ka : the soul, [Tattvas.] ka : a particular comet, [VarBṛS.] ka : the sun, [L.] ka : fire, [L.] ka : splendour, light, [L.] ka : air, [L.] ka : a peacock, [L.] ka : the body, [L.] ka : time, [L.] ka : wealth, [L.] ka : sound, [L.] ka : a king, [L.] ka : = kāma-granthi (?) ka : ká (am), n. happiness, joy, pleasure, [ChUp. iv, 10, 5]; [Nir.] &c. ka : water, [MaitrS. i, 10, 10]; [ŚBr. x]; [Yājñ.] &c. ka : the head ka : hair, a head of hair, [L.] ka : ká n. (also regarded as ind.; cf. 1. kam.) ka : a Taddhita affix (much used in forming adjectives; it may also be added to nouns to express diminution, deterioration, or similarity, e.g. putraka, a little son; aśvaka, a bad horse or like a horse). 🔎 ká- | pronounSGMNOM |
| 1.84.17 | jánāya | jána- jana : jána mf(I)n. ‘generating’, see puraṃ- jana : jána m. (g. vṛṣādi) creature, living being, man, person, race (páñca jánās, ‘the five races’ = p° kṛṣṭáyas, [RV. iii], [viii ff.]; [MBh. iii, 14160]), people, subjects (the sg. used collectively, e.g. daívya or divyā́ j°, ‘divine race’, the gods collectively, [RV.]; mahat j°, many people, [R. vi, 101, 2]; often ifc. denoting one person or a number of persons collectively, e.g. preṣya-, bandhu-, sakhī- &c., qq.vv. ; with names of peoples, [VarBṛS. iv, 22] and [v, 74]; ayaṃ janaḥ, ‘this person, these persons’, I, we, [MBh. viii, 709]; [Hariv. 7110]; [R. ii, 41, 2]; [Śak.] &c.; eṣa j°, id., [Kāvyād. ii, 75]), [RV.] &c. jana : the person nearest to the speaker (also with ayam or asau, ‘this my lover’, [Kāvyād. ii, 271]; [Ratnāv. i, 24/25]), [Nal. x, 10]; [Śak.]; [Mālav.] jana : a common person, one of the people, [Kir. ii, 42] and [47] jana : the world beyond the Mahar-loka, [BhP. iii, 11, 29]; [SkandaP.] jana : janá (°ná), m. (g. aśvādi) N. of a man (with the patr. Śārkarākṣya), [ŚBr. x]; [ChUp.] 🔎 jána- | nominal stemSGMDAT |