1.36.14
ऊ॒र्ध्वो नः॑ पा॒ह्यंह॑सो॒ नि के॒तुना॒ विश्वं॒ सम॒त्रिणं॑ दह
कृ॒धी न॑ ऊ॒र्ध्वाञ्च॒रथा॑य जी॒वसे॑ वि॒दा दे॒वेषु॑ नो॒ दुवः॑
1.36.14
ūrdhvó naḥ pāhy áṃhaso ní ketúnā
víśvaṃ sám atríṇaṃ daha
kr̥dhī́ na ūrdhvā́ñ caráthāya jīváse
vidā́ devéṣu no dúvaḥ
1.36.14
ūrdhvaḥfrom ūrdhvá-
from √pā- 1
from ní
from ketú-
from víśva-
from sám
from √dah-
from √kr̥-
from ūrdhvá-
from carátha-
from √jīv-
from √vid- 1
from devá-
from dúvas-
1.36.14
Erect, preserve us from sore trouble; with thy flame burn thou each ravening demon dead. Raise thou us up that we may walk and live. so thou shalt find our worship mid the Gods.
1.36.14
Standing straight, protect us by thy splendour from evil; burn down every ghoul 1. Let us stand straight that we may walk and live. Find out our worship 2 among the gods.
| Source index | Surface | Lemma | Information |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1.36.14 | ūrdhváḥ | ūrdhvá- ūrdhva : ūrdhvá mf(A)n. (√ vṛdh, [BRD.]; perhaps fr. √ ṛ), rising or tending upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] &c. (in class. Sanskṛt occurring generally in compounds) ūrdhva : ūrdhvá (am), n. height, elevation, [L.] ūrdhva : anything placed above or higher (with abl.), [L.] ūrdhva : [cf. Gk. ὀρθός; Lat. arduus; Gaël. ard.] 🔎 ūrdhvá- | nominal stemSGMNOM |
| 1.36.14 | naḥ | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | pronounPLACC |
| 1.36.14 | pāhi | √pā- 1 pā : f. guarding, protecting, [L.] pā : f. = pūta and pūritaka. pā : cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. xxii, 27]) píbati (Ved. and ep. also Ā. °te; rarely pipati, °te, [Kāṭh.]; [Br.]) cl. 2. pāti, pāthás, pānti, [RV.]; [AV.]; p. Ā. papāná, [RV.], pípāna, [AV.] (pf. P. papaú, 2. sg. papātha, [RV.]; papitha, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 64], Sch.; papīyāt, [RV.]; p. papivás, [AV.]; Ā. pape, papire, [RV.]; p. papāná, [ib.]; aor. or impf. apāt, [RV.] [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 4, 77]]; 3. pl. apuḥ [?] [RV. i, 164, 7]; -pāsta, [AV. xii, 3, 43]; Prec. 3. sg. peyās, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; pātā Gr.; ind.p. pītvā́, [RV.] &c. &c., °tvī, [RV.]; -pāya, [AV.] &c. &c.; -pīya, [MBh.]; pāyam, [Kāvyād.]; inf. píbadhyai, [RV.]; pātum, [MBh.] &c.; pā́tave, [AV.]; [Br.]; pā́tavaí, [RV.]), to drink, quaff, suck, sip, swallow (with acc., rarely gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; (met.) to imbibe, draw in, appropriate, enjoy, feast upon (with the eyes, ears &c.), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to drink up, exhaust, absorb, [BhP.]; [Pañc.]; to drink intoxicating liquors, [Buddh.] : Pass. pīyáte, [AV.] &c. &c.: Caus. pāyayati, °te (pf. pāyayām āsā, [MBh.]; aor. apīpyat, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 4]; ind.p. pāyayitvā, [MBh.]; inf. pā́yayitavaí, [ŚBr.]), to cause to drink, give to drink, water (horses or cattle), [RV.] &c. &c.: Desid. pipāsati ([RV.] also pipīṣati), to wish to drink, thirst, [ib.] : Desid. of Caus. pipāyayiṣati, to wish or intend to give to drink, [Kāṭh.] : Intens. pepīyate (p. °yamāna also with pass meaning), to drink greedily or repeatedly, [Up.]; [Hariv.] pā : [cf. Gk. πέ-πω-κα; Aeol. πώ-νω = πίνω; Lat. pō-tus, pō-tum, bibo for pi-bo; Slav. pi-ja, pi-ti] pā : mfn. drinking, quaffing &c. (cf. agre-, ṛtu-, madhu-, soma- &c.) pā : cl. 2. P. ([Dhāt. xxiv, 48]) pā́ti (Impv. pāhí; pr. p. P. pā́t Ā. pāná, [RV.]; pf. papau Gr.; aor. apāsīt, [Rājat.] Subj. pāsati, [RV.]; fut. pāsyati, pātā Gr.; Prec. pāyāt, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 68], Sch.; inf. pātum, [MBh.]), to watch, keep, preserve; to protect from, defend against (abl.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to protect (a country) i.e. rule, govern, [Rājat.]; to observe, notice, attend to, follow, [RV.]; [AitBr.] : Caus. pālayati See √ pāl: Desid. pipāsati Gr.: Intens. pāpāyate, pāpeti, pāpāti, [ib.] pā : [cf. Zd. pā, paiti; Gk. πά-ομαι, πέ-πα-μαι, πῶ-ν, &c.; Lat. pa-sco, pa-bulum; Lith. pë-mů́] pā : mfn. keeping, protecting, guarding &c. (cf. apāna-, ritā-, go-, tanū- &c.) pā : cl. 3. Ā. pípīte, to rise against, be hostile (see 2. anūt-√ , p. 41; 2. ut-pā, p. 181; praty-ut- √ , p. 677). 🔎 √pā- 1 | rootSGPRSACT2IMP |
| 1.36.14 | áṃhasaḥ | áṃhas- aṃhas : áṃhas n. anxiety, trouble, [RV.] &c. aṃhas : sin, [L.] aṃhas : [cf. aghá, ā́gas; Gk. ἄχνυμαι, ἄχος, ἄγος.] 🔎 áṃhas- | nominal stemSGNABL |
| 1.36.14 | ní ni : ní ind. down, back, in, into, within (except, [AV. x, 8, 7] always prefixed either to verbs or to nouns; in the latter case it has also the meaning of negation or privation [cf. ‘down-hearted’ = heartless]; sometimes w.r. for nis) ni : it may also express kṣepa, dāna, upa-rama, ā-śraya, mokṣa &c., [L.] ni : [cf. Zd. ni; Gk. ἐ-νί; Slav. ni-zu; Germ., ni-dar, ni-der, nieder; Angl.Sax. ni-ther, Eng. ne-ther, be-neath.] ni : (for nī) mfn. See ṛta-ní. ni : (in music) the 7th note (for niṣadha). 🔎 ní | ní ni : ní ind. down, back, in, into, within (except, [AV. x, 8, 7] always prefixed either to verbs or to nouns; in the latter case it has also the meaning of negation or privation [cf. ‘down-hearted’ = heartless]; sometimes w.r. for nis) ni : it may also express kṣepa, dāna, upa-rama, ā-śraya, mokṣa &c., [L.] ni : [cf. Zd. ni; Gk. ἐ-νί; Slav. ni-zu; Germ., ni-dar, ni-der, nieder; Angl.Sax. ni-ther, Eng. ne-ther, be-neath.] ni : (for nī) mfn. See ṛta-ní. ni : (in music) the 7th note (for niṣadha). 🔎 ní | invariablelocal particle:LP |
| 1.36.14 | ketúnā | ketú- ketu : ketú us, m. (fr. √ 4. cit), bright appearance, clearness, brightness (often pl., ‘rays of light’), [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.] ketu : lamp, flame, torch, [ib.] ketu : day-time, [ŚāṅkhBr.] ketu : ([Naigh. iii, 9]) apparition, form, shape, [RV.]; [PārGṛ.] ketu : sign, mark, ensign, flag, banner, [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.] &c. ketu : a chief, leader, eminent person, [RV.]; [R. iv, 28, 18]; [Ragh. ii, 33]; [BhP.] ketu : intellect, judgement, discernment (?), [RV. v, 66, 4]; [AV. x, 2, 12] ketu : any unusual or striking phenomenon, comet, meteor, falling star, [AdbhBr.]; [Mn. i, 38]; [VarBṛS.]; [BhP.] &c. ketu : the dragon's tail or descending node (considered in astron. as the 9th planet, and in mythol. as the body of the demon Saiṃhikeya [son of Siṃhikā] which was severed from the head or Rāhu by Viṣṇu at the churning of the ocean, but was rendered immortal by having tasted the Amṛta), [Hariv. 4259]; [R.]; [VP.] ketu : ‘a pigmy race’, see -gaṇa below ketu : disease, [L.] ketu : an enemy, [L.] ketu : N. of a son of Agni (author of [RV. x, 156]), [RAnukr.] ketu : (with the patr. Vājya), [VBr.] ketu : N. of a Dānava, [Hariv. 198] ketu : of a son (of Ṛṣabha, [BhP. v, 4, 10]; of the 4th Manu, [viii, 1, 27]) ketu : aruṇā́ḥ ketávaḥ, ‘red apparitions’, a class of spirits (a kind of sacrificial fire is called after them āruṇaketuka, q.v.), [AV. xi, 10, 1 f.] and [7]; [TĀr.]; [MBh. xii, 26, 7.] 🔎 ketú- | nominal stemSGMINS |
| 1.36.14 | víśvam | víśva- viśva : víśva mf(A)n. (prob. fr. √ 1. viś, to pervade, cf. [Uṇ. i, 151]; declined as a pron. like sarva, by which it is superseded in the Brāhmaṇas and later language) all, every, every one viśva : whole, entire, universal, [RV.] &c. &c. viśva : all-pervading or all-containing, omnipresent (applied to Viṣṇu-Kṛṣṇa, the soul, intellect &c.), [Up.]; [MBh.] &c. viśva : víśva m. (in phil.) the intellectual faculty or (accord. to some) the faculty which perceives individuality or the individual underlying the gross body (sthūla-śarīra-vyaṣṭy-upahita), [Vedāntas.] viśva : N. of a class of gods, cf. below viśva : N. of the number ‘thirteen’, [Gol.] viśva : of a class of deceased ancestors, [MārkP.] viśva : of a king, [MBh.] viśva : of a well-known dictionary = viśva-prakāśa viśva : pl. (víśve, with or scil. devā́s cf. viśve-deva, p. 995) ‘all the gods collectively’ or the ‘All-gods’ (a partic. class of gods, forming one of the 9 Gaṇas enumerated under gaṇadevatā, q.v.; accord. to the Viṣṇu and other Purāṇas they were sons of Viśvā, daughter of Dakṣa, and their names are as follow, 1. Vasu, 2. Satya, 3. Kratu, 4. Dakṣa, 5. Kāla, 6. Kāma, 7. Dhṛti, 8. Kuru, 9. Purū-ravas, 10. Mādravas [?]; two others are added by some, viz. 11. Rocaka or Locana, 12. Dhvani [or Dhūri; or this may make 13] : they are particularly worshipped at Śrāddhas and at the Vaiśvadeva ceremony [[RTL. 416]]; moreover accord. to Manu [[iii, 90], [121]], offerings should be made to them daily — these privileges having been bestowed on them by Brahmā and the Pitṛs, as a reward for severe austerities they had performed on the Himālaya: sometimes it is difficult to decide whether the expression viśve devāḥ refers to all the gods or to the particular troop of deities described above), [RV.] &c. &c.; viśva : víśva n. the whole world, universe, [AV.] &c. &c. viśva : dry ginger, [Suśr.] viśva : myrrh, [L.] viśva : a mystical N. of the sound o, [Up.] 🔎 víśva- | nominal stemSGMACC |
| 1.36.14 | sám sam : or stam cl. 1. P. samati or stamati, to be disturbed (accord. to some ‘to be undisturbed’; cf. √ śam), [Dhātup. xix, 82]; cl. 10. P. samayati or stamayati, to be agitated or disturbed, [Vop.] sam : sám ind. (connected with 7. sa and sama, and opp. to 3. vi, q.v.) with, together with, along with, together, altogether (used as a preposition or prefix to verbs and verbal derivatives, like Gk. σύν, Lat. con, and expressing ‘conjunction’, ‘union’, ‘thoroughness’, ‘intensity’, ‘completeness’ e.g. saṃ√ yuj, ‘to join together’; saṃ-√ dhā, ‘to place together’; saṃ-dhi, ‘placing together’; saṃ-√ tap, ‘to consume utterly by burning’; sam-uccheda, ‘destroying altogether, complete destruction’; in Ved. the verb connected with it has sometimes to be supplied, e.g. ā́po agním yaśásaḥ sáṃ hí pūrvī́ḥ, ‘for many glorious waters surrounded Agni’; it is sometimes prefixed to nouns in the sense of sama, ‘same’; cf. samartha), [RV.] &c.; 🔎 sám | sám sam : or stam cl. 1. P. samati or stamati, to be disturbed (accord. to some ‘to be undisturbed’; cf. √ śam), [Dhātup. xix, 82]; cl. 10. P. samayati or stamayati, to be agitated or disturbed, [Vop.] sam : sám ind. (connected with 7. sa and sama, and opp. to 3. vi, q.v.) with, together with, along with, together, altogether (used as a preposition or prefix to verbs and verbal derivatives, like Gk. σύν, Lat. con, and expressing ‘conjunction’, ‘union’, ‘thoroughness’, ‘intensity’, ‘completeness’ e.g. saṃ√ yuj, ‘to join together’; saṃ-√ dhā, ‘to place together’; saṃ-dhi, ‘placing together’; saṃ-√ tap, ‘to consume utterly by burning’; sam-uccheda, ‘destroying altogether, complete destruction’; in Ved. the verb connected with it has sometimes to be supplied, e.g. ā́po agním yaśásaḥ sáṃ hí pūrvī́ḥ, ‘for many glorious waters surrounded Agni’; it is sometimes prefixed to nouns in the sense of sama, ‘same’; cf. samartha), [RV.] &c.; 🔎 sám | invariablelocal particle:LP |
| 1.36.14 | atríṇam | atrín- | nominal stemSGMACC |
| 1.36.14 | daha | √dah- dah : cl. 1. P. dahati (ep. also Ā.; p. dáhat; impf. ádahat; aor. adhāk, [RV. ii, 15, 4]; 1.sg. °kṣam, [MBh. vii]; 3. pl. °kṣur, [Kathās.]; Subj. dhāk, [RV. i, 158, 4]; 2. sg. dhakṣi, [iv, 4, 4]; p. dhákṣat [also nom. m.], [vi, 3, 4]; [x, 91, 7] dákṣat, [i, 130, 8]; fut. dhakṣyati [[Pāṇ. vii, 2, 10]; [Siddh.]; [Kār. 6]] [MBh.] [Pot. dhakṣyet, [i, 8383]] &c.; dahiṣy°, [i, 2120]; [BhP. iv]; [Prasaṅg. xix, 7]; inf. dagdhum) to burn, consume by fire, scorch, roast, [RV.] &c.; to cauterise, [Suśr.]; to consume, destroy completely, [Mn. vii, 9]; [MBh.] &c.; to torment, torture, pain, distress, disturb, grieve, [MBh.] &c.: Pass. dahyate (°ti, [MānGṛ. ii, 15]; [MBh. i f.], [xii f.]); to be burnt, burn, be in flames, [AV.]; [Nir.] &c.; to be consumed by fire or destroyed, [Mn. vi, 71]; to be inflamed (a wound), [Suśr. i, 28]; to be consumed by internal heat or grief, suffer pain, be distressed or vexed, [MBh.] &c.; Caus. dāhayati to burn or be burned, [Mn.]; [Yājñ. i, 89]; [MBh.] &c.; to cause to be cooked, [Hariv. 15523] (aor. pl. adīdahan) : Desid. didhakṣati (cf. °kṣā, °kṣu) to be about to burn or consume or destroy, [MBh. i]-[iv]; [R.] (p. °kṣamāṇa) : Desid. Caus. (p. °kṣayat) to cause any one to make efforts to burn, [Bhaṭṭ. iii, 33] : Intens. dandahīti, °hyate ([Pāṇ. iii, 1, 24]; [vii, 4, 86]) to burn or destroy completely, [Hariv. 8726]; [BhP. vi, 8, 21] (Impv. °dagdhi), [Śiś.]; [Prasannar. vi, 32] and [48]; Ā. to be burnt completely, [Hariv. 7040]; [BhP.]; [Pañcat. i, 8, 23/24] dah : [cf. Lith. degù, ‘I am hot’; Goth. dag-s; Old Germ. tāh-t, ‘a wick’] dah : mfn. ‘burning’, see uśá-. 🔎 √dah- | rootSGPRSACT2IMP |
| 1.36.14 | kr̥dhí + | √kr̥- kṛ : Ved. I) cl. 2. P. 2. sg. kárṣi du. kṛthás pl. kṛthá; Ā. 2. sg. kṛṣé; impf. 2. and 3. sg. ákar, 3. sg. rarely ákat ([ŚBr. iii], [xi]) ; 3. du. ákartām; pl. ákarma, ákarta (also, [BhP. ix]), ákran (aor., according to [Pāṇ. iv, 2, 80], [Kāś.]); Ā. ákri ([RV. x, 159, 4] and [174, 4]), ákṛthās ([RV. v, 30, 8]), ákṛta ([RV.]); akrātām ([ŚāṅkhŚr.]), ákrata ([RV.]; [AV.]) : Impv. kṛdhí (also, [MBh. i, 5141] and [BhP. viii]), kṛtám, kṛtá; Ā. kṛṣvá, kṛdhvám; Subj. 2. and 3. sg. kar pl. kárma, kárta and kartana, kran; Ā. 3. sg. kṛta ([RV. ix, 69, 5]), 3. pl. kránta ([RV. i, 141, 3]) : Pot. kriyāma ([RV. x, 32, 9]); pr. p. P. (nom. pl.) krántas Ā. krāṇá. II) cl. 1. P. kárasi, kárati, kárathas, káratas, káranti; Ā. kárase, kárate, kárāmahe: impf. ákaram, ákaras, ákarat (aor., according to [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 59]) : Impv. kára, káratam, káratām: Subj. káram, kárāṇi, káras, kárat, kárāma, káran; Ā. karāmahai; pr. p. f. kárantī ([Naigh.]) III) cl. 5. P. kṛṇómi, °ṇóṣi, °ṇóti, kṛṇuthás, kṛṇmás and kṛṇmasi, kṛṇuthá, kṛṇvánti; Ā. kṛṇvé, kṛṇuṣé, kṛṇuté, 3. du. kṛṇvaíte ([RV. vi, 25, 4]); pl. kṛṇmáhe, kṛṇváte: impf. ákṛṇos, ákṛṇot, ákṛṇutam, ákṛṇuta and °ṇotana ([RV. i, 110, 8]), ákṛṇvan; Ā. 3. sg. ákṛṇuta pl. ákṛṇudhvam, ákṛṇvata: Impv. kṛṇú or kṛṇuhí or kṛṇutā́t, kṛṇótu, kṛṇutám, kṛṇutā́m, 2. pl. kṛṇutá or kṛṇóta or kṛṇótana, 3. pl. kṛṇvántu; Ā. kṛṇuṣvá, kṛṇutā́m, kṛṇvā́thām, kṛṇudhvám: Subj. kṛṇávas, °ṇávat or °ṇávāt, kṛṇávāva, °ṇávāma, °ṇávātha, °ṇávatha, °ṇávan; Ā. kṛṇávai (once °ṇavā, [RV. x, 95, 2]), kṛṇavase (also, [ŚvetUp. ii, 7] v.l. °ṇvase), kṛṇavate, kṛṇávāvahai, kṛṇávāmahai, 3. pl. kṛṇávanta ([RV.]) or kṛṇavante or kṛṇvata ([RV.]) : Pot. Ā. kṛṇvītá; pr. p. P. kṛṇvát (f. °vatī́) Ā. kṛṇvāṇá. IV) cl. 8. (this is the usual formation in the Brāhmaṇas; Sūtras, and in classical Sanskṛt) P. karómi (ep. kurmi, [MBh. iii, 10943]; [R. ii, 12, 33]); kurvás, kuruthás, kurutás, kurmás [kulmas in an interpolation after, [RV. x, 128]], kuruthá, kurvánti; Ā. kurvé, &c., 3. pl. kurváte ([Pāṇ. vi, 4, 108]-[110]) : impf. akaravam, akaros, akarot, akurva, &c.; Ā. 3. sg. akuruta pl. akurvata: Impv. kuru, karotu (in the earlier language 2. and 3. sg. kurutāt, 3. sg. also, [BhP. vi, 4, 34]), kuruta or kurutana ([Nir. iv, 7]); Ā. kuruṣva, kurudhvam, kurvátām: Subj. karavāṇi, karavas, °vāt, °vāva or °vāvas ([Pāṇ. iii, 4, 98], [Kāś.]), °vāma or °vāmas ([ib.]), °vātha, °van; Ā. karavai, kuruthās, karavāvahai ([TUp.]; °he, [MBh. iii, 10762]), karavaithe, °vaite ([Pāṇ. iii, 4, 95], [Kāś.]), °vāmahai (°he, [MBh.]; [R. i, 18, 12]) : Pot. P. kuryām Ā. kurvīya ([Pāṇ. vi, 4, 109] and [110]); pr. p. P. kurvát (f. °vatī́); Ā. kurvāṇá: perf. P. cakā́ra, cakártha, cakṛvá, cakṛmá, cakrá ([Pāṇ. vii, 2, 13]); Ā. cakré, cakriré; p. cakṛvas (acc. cakrúṣam, [RV. x, 137, 1]); Ā. cakrāṇa ([Vop.]) : 2nd fut. kariṣyáti; Subj. 2. sg. kariṣyā́s ([RV. iv, 30, 23]); 1st fut. kártā: Prec. kriyāsam: aor. P. Ved. cakaram ([RV. iv, 42, 6]), acakrat ([RV. iv, 18, 12]), ácakriran ([RV. viii, 6, 20]); Ā. 1. sg. kṛske ([RV. x, 49, 7]); Class. akārṣīt ([Pāṇ. vii, 2, 1], [Kāś.]; once akāraṣīt, [BhP. i, 10, 1]); Pass. aor. reflex. akāri and akṛta ([Pāṇ. iii, 1, 62], [Kāś.]) : Inf. kártum, Ved. kártave, kártavaí, kártos (see ss.vv.); ind.p. kṛtvā́, Ved. kṛtvī́ [[RV.]] and kṛtvā́ya [[TS. iv], [v]]; to do, make, perform, accomplish, cause, effect, prepare, undertake, [RV.] &c.; to do anything for the advantage or injury of another (gen. or loc.), [MBh.]; [R.] &c.; to execute, carry out (as an order or command), [ib.]; to manufacture, prepare, work at, elaborate, build, [ib.]; to form or construct one thing out of another (abl. or instr.), [R. i, 2, 44]; [Hit.] &c.; to employ, use, make use of (instr.), [ŚvetUp.]; [Mn. x, 91]; [MBh.] &c.; to compose, describe, [R. i]; to cultivate, [Yājñ. ii, 158] (cf. [Mn. x, 114]); to accomplish any period, bring to completion, spend (e.g. varṣāṇi daśa cakruḥ, ‘they spent ten years’, [MBh. xv, 6]; kṣaṇaṃ kuru, ‘wait a moment’, [MBh.]; cf. kṛtakṣaṇa); to place, put, lay, bring, lead, take hold of (acc. or loc. or instr., e.g. ardháṃ-√ kṛ, to take to one's own side or party, cause to share in (gen.; see 2. ardhá); haste or pāṇau-√ kṛ, to take by the hand, marry, [Pāṇ. i, 4, 77]; hṛdayena-√ kṛ, to place in one's heart, love, [Mṛcch.]; hṛdi-√ kṛ, to take to heart, mind, think over, consider, [Rājat. v, 313]; manasi-√ kṛ id., [R. ii, 64, 8]; [Hcar.]; to determine, purpose [ind.p. °si-kṛtvā or °si-kṛtya] [Pāṇ. i, 4, 75]; vaśe-√ kṛ, to place in subjection, become master of [Mn. ii, 100]); to direct the thoughts, mind, &c. (mánas [[RV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.] or buddhim [[Nal. xxvi, 10]] or matim [[MBh.]; [R.]] or bhāvam [[ib.]], &c.) towards any object, turn the attention to, resolve upon, determine on (loc. dat. inf., or a sentence with iti, e.g. mā śoke manaḥ kṛthāḥ, do not turn your mind to grief, [Nal. xiv, 22] ; gamanāya matiṃ cakre, he resolved upon going, [R. i, 9, 55]; alābuṃ samutsraṣṭuṃ manaś cakre, he resolved to create a gourd, [MBh. iii, 8844]; draṣṭā tavāsmīti matiṃ cakāra, he determined to see him, [MBh. iii, 12335]); to think of (acc.), [R. i, 21, 14]; to make, render (with two acc., e.g. ādityaṃ kāṣṭhām akurvata, they made the sun their goal, [AitBr. iv, 7]), [RV.]; [ŚBr.] &c.; to procure for another, bestow, grant (with gen. or loc.), [RV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] &c.; Ā. to procure for one's self, appropriate, assume, [ŚBr.]; [BṛĀrUp.]; [Mn. vii, 10] &c.; to give aid, help any one to get anything (dat.), [RV.]; [VS.]; to make liable to (dat.), [RV. iii, 41, 6]; [ŚBr. iv]; to injure, violate (e.g. kanyāṃ-√ kṛ, to violate a maiden), [Mn. viii, 367] and [369]; to appoint, institute, [ChUp.]; [Mn.]; to give an order, commission, [Mn.]; [R. ii, 2, 8]; to cause to get rid of, free from (abl. or -tas), [Pāṇ. v, 4, 49], [Kāś.]; to begin (e.g. cakre śobhayitum purīm, they began to adorn the city), [R. ii, 6, 10]; to proceed, act, put in practice, [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] &c.; to worship, sacrifice, [RV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Mn. iii, 210]; to make a sound (svaram or śabdam, [MBh. iii, 11718]; [Pāṇ. iv, 4, 34]; [Hit.]), utter, pronounce (often ifc. with the sounds phaṭ, phut, bhāṇ, váṣaṭ, svadhā́, svā́hā, hiṃ), pronounce any formula ([Mn. ii, 74] and [xi, 33]); (with numeral adverbs ending in dhā) to divide, separate or break up into parts (e.g. dvidhā-√ kṛ, to divide into two parts, ind.p. dvidhā kṛtvā or dvidhā-kṛtya or -kāram, [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 62]; sahasradhā-√ kṛ, to break into a thousand pieces); (with adverbs ending in vat) to make like or similar, consider equivalent (e.g. rājyaṃ tṛṇa-vat kṛtvā, valuing the kingdom like a straw, [Vet.]); (with adverbs ending in sāt) to reduce anything to, cause to become, make subject (see ātma-sāt, bhasma-sāt), [Pāṇ. v, 4, 52 ff.] The above senses of √ may be variously modified or almost infinitely extended according to the noun with which this root is connected, as in the following examples: sakhyaṃ-√ kṛ, to contract friendship with; pūjāṃ-√ kṛ, to honour; rājyaṃ-√ kṛ, to reign; snehaṃ-√ kṛ, to show affection; ājñāṃ or nideśaṃ or śāsanaṃ or kāmaṃ or yācanāṃ or vacaḥ or vacanaṃ or vākyaṃ-√ kṛ, to perform any one's command or wish or request &c.; dharmaṃ-√ kṛ, to do one's duty, [Mn. vii, 136]; nakhāni-√ kṛ, ‘to clean one's nails’, see kṛta-nakha; udakaṃ [[Mn.]; [Yājñ.]; [R.]; [Daś.]] or salilaṃ [[R. i, 44, 49]] √ , to offer a libation of water to the dead; to perform ablutions; astrāṇi-√ kṛ, to practise the use of weapons, [MBh. iii, 11824]; darduraṃ-√ kṛ, to breathe the flute, [Pāṇ. iv, 4, 34]; daṇḍaṃ-√ kṛ, to inflict punishment &c., [Vet.]; kālaṃ-√ kṛ, to bring one's time to an end i.e. to die; ciraṃ-√ kṛ, to be long in doing anything, delay; manasā (for °si See above) √ , to place in one's mind, think of, meditate, [MBh.]; śirasā-√ kṛ, to place on the head; mūrdhnā-√ kṛ, to place on one's head, obey, honour. Very rarely in Veda ([AV. xviii, 2, 27]), but commonly in the Brāhmaṇas, Sūtras, and especially in classical Sanskṛt the perf. forms cakāra and cakre auxiliarily used to form the periphrastical perfect of verbs, especially of causatives, e.g. āsāṃ cakre, ‘he sat down’; gamayā́ṃ cakāra, ‘he caused to go’ [see, [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 40]; in Veda some other forms of √ are used in a similar way, viz. pr. karoti, [ŚāṅkhŚr.]; impf. akar, [MaitrS.] & [Kāṭh.]; 3. pl. akran, [MaitrS.] & [TBr.]; Prec. kriyāt, [MaitrS.] (see [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 42]); according to [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 41], also karotu with √ vid]. Caus. kārayati, °te, to cause to act or do, cause another to perform, have anything made or done by another (double acc., instr. and acc. [see [Pāṇ. i, 4, 53]], e.g. sabhāṃ kāritavān, he caused an assembly to be made, [Hit.]; rāja-darśanaṃ māṃ kāraya, cause me to have an audience of the king; vāṇijyaṃ kārayed vaiśyam, he ought to cause the Vaiśya to engage in trade, [Mn. viii, 410]; na śakṣyāmi kiṃcit kārayituṃ tvayā, I shall not be able to have anything done by thee, [MBh. ii, 6]); to cause to manufacture or form or cultivate, [Lāṭy.]; [Yājñ. ii, 158]; [MBh.] &c.; to cause to place or put, have anything placed, put upon, &c. (e.g. taṃ citrapaṭaṃ vāsa-gṛhe bhittāv akārayat, he had the picture placed on the wall in his house, [Kathās. v, 30]), [Mn. viii, 251]. Sometimes the Caus. of √ is used for the simple verb or without a causal signification (e.g. padaṃ kārayati, he pronounces a word, [Pāṇ. i, 3, 71], [Kāś.] ; mithyā k°, he pronounces wrongly, [ib.]; kaikeyīm anu rājānaṃ kāraya, treat or deal with Kaikeyī as the king does, [R. ii, 58, 16]) : Desid. cíkīrṣati (aor. 2. sg. acikīrṣīs, [ŚBr. iii]), ep. also °te, to wish to make or do, intend to do, design, intend, begin, strive after, [AV. xii, 4, 19]; [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; [Mn.] &c.; to wish to sacrifice or worship, [AV. v, 8, 3] : Intens. 3. pl. karikrati (pr. p. kárikrat See [Naigh. ii, 1] and [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 65]), to do repeatedly, [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; Class. carkarti or carikarti or carīkarti [[Pāṇ. vii, 4, 92], [Kāś.]], also carkarīti or carikarīti or carīkarīti or cekrīyate [ib., Sch.; [Vop.]]; kṛ : [cf. Hib. caraim, ‘I perform, execute’; ceard, ‘an art, trade, business, function’; sucridh, ‘easy’; Old Germ. karawan, ‘to prepare’; Mod. Germ. gar, ‘prepared (as food)’; Lat. creo, ceremonia; κραίνω, κρόνος.] kṛ : cl. 3. P. p. cakrát (Pot. 2. sg. cakriyās; aor. 1. sg. akārṣam [[AV. vii, 7, 1]] or akāriṣam [[RV. iv, 39, 6]]), to make mention of, praise, speak highly of (gen.), [RV.]; [AV.] : Intens. (1. sg. carkarmi, 1. pl. carkirāma, 3. pl. carkiran; Impv. 2. sg. carkṛtā́t and carkṛdhi; aor. 3. sg. Ā. cárkṛṣe) id., [RV.]; [AV.] (cf. kārú, kīrí, kīrtí.) kṛ : to injure, &c. See √ 2. kṝ. kṛ : 2. kṝ (or v.l. ) cl. 5. 9.P. Ā. kṛṇoti, °ṇute, °ṇāti, °ṇīte, to hurt, injure, kill, [Dhātup.]; [Vop. xvi, 2]; kṛṇváti, [Naigh. ii, 19.] 🔎 √kr̥- | rootSGAORACT2IMP |
| 1.36.14 | naḥ | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | pronounPLACC |
| 1.36.14 | ūrdhvā́n | ūrdhvá- ūrdhva : ūrdhvá mf(A)n. (√ vṛdh, [BRD.]; perhaps fr. √ ṛ), rising or tending upwards, raised, elevated, erected, erect, upright, high, above, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] &c. (in class. Sanskṛt occurring generally in compounds) ūrdhva : ūrdhvá (am), n. height, elevation, [L.] ūrdhva : anything placed above or higher (with abl.), [L.] ūrdhva : [cf. Gk. ὀρθός; Lat. arduus; Gaël. ard.] 🔎 ūrdhvá- | nominal stemPLMACC |
| 1.36.14 | caráthāya | carátha- caratha : carátha mfn. moving, living, [RV. i, 58, 5]; [68, 1]; [70, 2] and [4] (ca rátha MSS.); [72, 6] caratha : carátha n. going, wandering, course, [RV.] ([i, 66, 9] carā́tha); [iii, 31, 15]; [viii, 33, 8]; [x, 92, 13] caratha : (āya) dat. inf. = carāyai, [RV.] 🔎 carátha- | nominal stemSGNDAT |
| 1.36.14 | jīváse | √jīv- jīv : cl. 1. jī́vati (ep. also Ā.; Subj. °vāti, [RV. x, 85, 39]; [AV.]; °vāt, [RV. i, 84, 16]; p. jī́vat; aor. ajivīt; jīvīt, [AV.]; pf. jijīva; fut. jīviṣyáti; Prec. °vyā́sam, °vyāsma, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; inf. jī́vitum, [xiv]; [MBh.] &c.; Ved. °vāse, [RV.]; [VS.]; [MBh. i, 732]; jī́vitavaí, [AV. vi, 109, 1]) to live, be or remain alive, [RV.] &c.; to revive, [Pañcat. iv, 5, 0/1]; [BhP. iv, 6, 51]; (with punar), [MBh.]; to live by (instr.; exceptionally loc., [v, 1059 f.]), [Mn.]; [Pāṇ. iv, 4, 12]; [MBh.] &c.: Caus. jīváyati (ep. also Ā.; aor. ajījivat or ajijīv°, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 3]) to make alive, restore to life, vivify, [RV. x, 137, 1]; [ĀśvŚr. vi, 9]; [MBh.] &c.; to support life, keep alive, [MBh.] &c.; to nourish, bring up, [i], [xiii]; [Kathās. iii, 17 f.]; [Rājat. v, 72]; to shout ‘jīva’ (i.e. long live!), [Kathās. cxxiv, 113]; jīvāpayati (cf. °pita) to restore to life, [Vet. ii, 9/10] : Desid. jijīviṣati (Ā. [BhP. xi, 7, 70]) to wish to live, [KātyŚr. xxii]; [Lāṭy. viii]; [ĪśUp.]; [MBh.] &c.; to seek a livelihood, wish to live by (instr.), [Mn. x, 121]; [MBh. v, 702]; jújyūṣati id., [ŚBr. iii, 2, 4, 16] and [5, 3, 11]; cf. jijyūṣita; jīv : [cf. Lat. vivo; Lith. gīvēnu.] 🔎 √jīv- | rootSGNDATnon-finite:INF |
| 1.36.14 | vidā́ḥ | √vid- 1 vid : cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 56]) vetti (vidmahe, [Br.]; vedati, °te, [Up.]; [MBh.]; vidáti, °te, [AV.] &c.; vindati, °te, [MBh.] &c.; Impv. vidāṃ-karotu, [Pañcat.] [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 41]]; 1. sg. impf. avedam, 2. sg. avet or aves [[Pāṇ. viii, 2, 75]] [RV.] &c. &c.; 3. pl. avidus, [Br.] [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 109]]; avidan, [MBh.] &c.; pf. véda [often substituted for pr. vetti cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 4, 83]], 3. pl. vidús or vidre, [RV.]; viveda, [MBh.] &c.; vidāṃcakā́ra, [Br.] &c. [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 38]; accord. to [Vop.] also vidām-babhūva]; aor. avedīt, [ib.]; vidām-akran, [TBr.]; fut. veditā́, [ŚBr.]; vettā, [MBh.] fut. vediṣyati, °te, [Br.]; [Up.]; vetsyati, °te, [MBh.] &c.; inf. véditum, °tos, [Br.]; vettum, [MBh.] &c.; ind.p. viditvā́, [Br.] &c.), to know, understand, perceive, learn, become or be acquainted with, be conscious of, have a correct notion of (with acc., in older, language also with gen.; with inf. = to know how to), [RV.] &c. &c. (viddhi yathā, ‘know that’; vidyāt, ‘one should know’, ‘it should be understood’; ya evam veda [in [Br.]], ‘who knows thus’, ‘who has this knowledge’); to know or regard or consider as, take for, declare to be, call (esp. in 3. pl. vidus, with two acc. or with acc. and nom. with iti, e.g. taṃ sthaviraṃ viduḥ, ‘they consider or call him aged’; rājarṣir iti māṃ viduḥ, ‘they consider me a Rājarṣi’), [Up.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to mind, notice, observe, remember (with gen. or acc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; to experience, feel (acc. or gen.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to wish to know, inquire about (acc.), [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] : Caus. vedáyate (rarely °ti; aor. avīvidat; Pass. vedyate), to make known, announce, report, tell, [ŚBr.] &c. &c.; to teach, explain, [ŚāṅkhŚr.]; [Nir.]; to recognize or regard as, take for (two acc.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to feel, experience, [ŚBr.]; [Mn.] &c.: Desid. of Caus. in vivedayiṣu, q.v.: Desid. vividiṣati or vivitsati, to wish to know or learn, inquire about (acc.), [ŚBr.]; &c. : Intens. vevidyate, vevetti Gr. vid : [cf. Gk. εἶδον for ἐϝιδον, οἶδα for ϝοιδα = veda; Lat. videre; Slav. věděti; Goth. witan, wait; Germ. wizzan, wissen; Angl.Sax. wât; Eng. wot.] vid : víd mfn. knowing, understanding, a knower (mostly ifc.; superl. vit-tama), [KaṭhUp.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. vid : víd m. the planet Mercury, [VarBṛS.] (cf. 2. jña) vid : víd f. knowledge understanding, [RV.]; [KauṣUp.] vid : (pl.), [Bhām.] vid : (originally identical with √ 1. ) cl. 6. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxviii, 138]) vindáti, °te (Ved. also vitté, vidé; p. vidāná or vidāna [q.v.]; ep. 3. pl. vindate Pot. vindyāt, often = vidyāt; pf. vivéda [3. pl. vividus Subj. vividat], vividvás, 3. pl. vividre, vidré, [RV.] &c. &c.; p. vividvás, [RV.]; vividivas, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 68]; aor. ávidat, °data, [ib.] 3. [Ved. Subj. vidā́si, °dā́t; Pot. vidét, deta, [VS.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; sg. videṣṭa, [AV. ii, 36, 3]]; Ā. 1. sg. avitsi, [RV.]; [Br.]; fut. vettā, vediṣyati Gr.; vetsyati, °te, [Br.] &c.; inf. vidé, [RV.]; vettum, [MBh.] &c.; véttave, [AV.]; °ttavai [?] and °tos, [Br.]; ind.p. vittvā́, [AV.]; [Br.]; -vidya, [Br.] &c.), to find, discover, meet or fall in with, obtain, get, acquire, partake of, possess, [RV.] &c. &c. (with diśas, to find out the quarters of the sky, [MBh.]) ; to get or procure for (dat.), [RV.]; [ChUp.]; to seek out, look for, attend to, [RV.] &c. &c.; to feel, experience, [Cāṇ.]; to consider as, take for (two acc.), [Kāv.]; to come upon, befall, seize, visit, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; to contrive, accomplish, perform, effect, produce, [RV.]; [ŚBr.]; (Ā. mc. also P.) to take to wife, marry (with or scil. bhāryām), [RV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to find (a husband), marry (said of a woman), [AV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.]; to obtain (a son, with or scil. sutam), [BhP.] : Pass. or Ā. vidyáte (ep. also °ti; p. vidyamāna [q.v.]; aor. avedi), to be found, exist, be, [RV.] &c. &c.; (esp. in later language) vidyate, ‘there is, there exists’, often with na, ‘there is not’; with bhoktum, ‘there is something to eat’; followed by a fut., ‘is it possible that?’, [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 146], Sch.; yathā-vidé, ‘as it happens’ i.e. ‘as usual’, ‘as well as possible’, [RV. i, 127, 4] &c. : Caus. vedayati, to cause to find &c., [MBh.] : Desid. vividiṣati or vivitsati, °te Gr. (cf. vivitsita) : Intens. vevidyate, vevetti, [ib.] (for p. vévidat and °dāna See vi- and saṃ√ vid). vid : (ifc.) finding, acquiring, procuring (see anna-, aśva-, ahar-vid &c.) vid : cl. 7. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxix, 13]) vintte, to consider as, take for (two acc.), [Bhaṭṭ.] 🔎 √vid- 1 | rootSGAORACT2SBJV |
| 1.36.14 | devéṣu | devá- deva : devá mf(I)n. (fr. 3. div) heavenly, divine (also said of terrestrial things of high excellence), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚBr.] (superl. m. devá-tama, [RV. iv, 22, 3] &c.; f. devi-tamā, [ii, 41, 16]) deva : devá m. (according to [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 120] déva) a deity, god, [RV.] &c. &c. deva : (rarely applied to) evil demons, [AV. iii, 15, 5]; [TS. iii, 5, 4, 1] deva : (pl. the gods as the heavenly or shining ones; víśve devā́s, all the gods, [RV. ii, 3, 4] &c., or a partic. class of deities [see under víśva], often reckoned as 33, either 11 for each of the 3 worlds, [RV. i, 139, 11] &c. [cf. tri-daśa], or 8 Vasus, 11 Rudras, and 12 Ādityas [to which the 2 Aśvins must be added] [Br.]; cf. also, [Divyāv. 68]; with Jainas 4 classes, viz. bhavanādhīśa, vyantara, jyotiṣka, and vaimānika; devā́nām pátnyas, the wives of the gods, [RV.]; [VS.]; [Br.] [cf. deva-patnī below]) deva : N. of the number 33 (see above), [Gaṇit.] deva : N. of Indra as the god of the sky and giver of rain, [MBh.]; [R.] &c. deva : a cloud, [L.] deva : (with Jainas) the 22nd Arhat of the future Ut-sarpiṇī deva : the image of a god, an idol, [Viṣṇ.] deva : a god on earth or among men, either Brāhman, priest, [RV.]; [AV.] (cf. bhū-d°), or king, prince (as a title of honour, esp. in the voc. ‘your majesty’ or ‘your honour’; also ifc., e.g. śrī-harṣa-d°, vikramāṅka-d°, king Śrī-h° or Vikr°, and in names as puruṣottama-d° [lit. having Viṣṇu as one's deity; cf. atithi-d°, ācārya-d°, pitṛ-d°, mātṛ-d°]; rarely preceding the name, e.g. deva-caṇḍamahāsena, [Kathās. xiii, 48]), [Kāv.]; [Pañc.] &c. (cf. kṣiti-, nara-, &c.) deva : a husband's brother (cf. devṛ and devara), [W.] deva : a fool, dolt, [L.] deva : a child, [L.] deva : a man following any partic. line or business, [L.] deva : a spearman, lancer, [L.] deva : emulation, wish to excel or overcome, [L.] deva : sport, play, [L.] deva : a sword, [Gal.] deva : N. of men, [VP.] deva : of a disciple of Nāgārjuna, [MWB. 192] deva : dimin. for devadatta, [Pāṇ. v, 3, 83], Vārtt. 4, Sch. deva : devá n. ([L.]) an organ of sense, [MuṇḍUp. iii, 1, 8]; [2, 7] deva : [cf. Lat. dīvus, deus; Lit. dë́vas; Old Pruss. deiwas.] 🔎 devá- | nominal stemPLMLOC |
| 1.36.14 | naḥ | ahám aham : ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. aham : = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] aham : [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. 🔎 ahám | pronounPL |
| 1.36.14 | dúvaḥ | dúvas- duvas : duvás mfn. stirring, restless (Soma), [RV. i, 168, 3.] duvas : dúvas n. (fr. 3. dū, a collateral form to dā as gū to gā, pū to pā, sthū to sthā; cf. agregū, -pū, sthavira) gift, oblation, worship, honour, reverence, [RV. i, 14, 1] &c. ([165, 14] duvás, prob. gift, liberality). 🔎 dúvas- | nominal stemSGNACC |