sam : or stam cl. 1. P. samati or stamati, to be disturbed (accord. to some ‘to be undisturbed’; cf. √ śam), [Dhātup. xix, 82]; cl. 10. P. samayati or stamayati, to be agitated or disturbed, [Vop.]

sam : sám ind. (connected with 7. sa and sama, and opp. to 3. vi, q.v.) with, together with, along with, together, altogether (used as a preposition or prefix to verbs and verbal derivatives, like Gk. σύν, Lat. con, and expressing ‘conjunction’, ‘union’, ‘thoroughness’, ‘intensity’, ‘completeness’ e.g. saṃ√ yuj, ‘to join together’; saṃ-√ dhā, ‘to place together’; saṃ-dhi, ‘placing together’; saṃ-√ tap, ‘to consume utterly by burning’; sam-uccheda, ‘destroying altogether, complete destruction’; in Ved. the verb connected with it has sometimes to be supplied, e.g. ā́po agním yaśásaḥ sáṃ hí pūrvī́ḥ, ‘for many glorious waters surrounded Agni’; it is sometimes prefixed to nouns in the sense of sama, ‘same’; cf. samartha), [RV.] &c.;

gav : in Ved. comp. for gó

āṅgirasa : āṅgirasá mf(I/)n. descended from or belonging or referring to the Aṅgirases or to Aṅgiras, [AV.]; [VS.] &c.

āṅgirasa : āṅgirasá (ás), m. a descendant of Aṅgiras (as Bṛhatsāman [[AV.]], Cyavana [[ŚBr. iv]], Ayāsya [[ŚBr. xiv]], &c.), [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

āṅgirasa : especially N. of Bṛhaspati, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

āṅgirasa : the planet Bṛhaspati i.e. Jupiter

āṅgirasa : (also) m. a partic. magical implement, [Kauś.]

nakṣ : cl. 1. P. Ā. nákṣati, °te (perf. nanakṣúr, °kṣé, [RV.]; aor. anakṣīt Gr.; fut. nakṣiṣyati, nakṣitā, [ib.]) to come near, approach, arrive at, get, attain, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.] (cf. 1. naś ; inakṣ).

bhaga : bhága See p. 743, col. 2.

bhaga : bhága m. (ifc. f(A and I). g. bahv-ādi) ‘dispenser’, gracious lord, patron (applied to gods, esp. to Savitṛ), [RV.]; [AV.]

bhaga : N. of an Āditya (bestowing wealth and presiding over love and marriage, brother of the Dawn, regent of the Nakṣatra Uttara-Phalgunī; Yāska enumerates him among the divinities of the highest sphere; according to a later legend his eyes were destroyed by Rudra), [ib.] &c. &c.

bhaga : the Nakṣatra U°-Ph°, [MBh. vi, 81]

bhaga : the sun, [ib.] [iii, 146]

bhaga : the moon, [L.]

bhaga : N. of a Rudra, [MBh.]

bhaga : good fortune, happiness, welfare, prosperity, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; [Yājñ.]; [BhP.]

bhaga : (ifc. f(A). ) dignity, majesty, distinction, excellence, beauty, loveliness, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; [GṛS.]; [BhP.]

bhaga : (also n., [L.]) love, affection, sexual passion, amorous pleasure, dalliance, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; [KātyŚr.]; [BhP.]

bhaga : (n., [L.]; ifc. f(A). ) the female organs, pudendum muliebre, vulva, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.

bhaga : bhága n. a partic. Muhūrta, [Cat.]

bhaga : the perinaeum of males, [L.]

bhaga : bhága m. n. = yatna, prayatna, kīrti, yaśas, vairāgya, icchā, jñāna, mukti, mokṣa, dharma, śrī, [L.]

bhaga : [cf. Zd. bagha = Old Pers. baga; Gk. Ζεὺς Βαγαῖος; Slav. bogǔ, bogatǔ; Lith. bagótas, na-bágas.]

it : ifc. going, going towards

it : cf. arthét

it : (for 2. See s.v.)

it : (in Gr.) an indicatory letter or syllable attached to roots &c. (= anubandha, q.v.)

it : for the Ved. particle id, q.v.

id : íd ind. Ved. (probably the neut. form of the pronom. base i See 3. i; a particle of affirmation) even, just, only

id : indeed, assuredly (especially, in strengthening an antithesis, e.g. yáthā váśanti devā́s táthéd asat, as the gods wish it, thus indeed it will be, [RV. viii, 28, 4]; dípsanta íd ripávo nā́ha debhuḥ, the enemies wishing indeed to hurt were in nowise able to hurt, [RV. i, 147, 3]). is often added to words expressing excess or exclusion (e.g. viśva it, every one indeed; śaśvad it, constantly indeed; eka it, one only). At the beginning of sentences it often adds emphasis to pronouns, prepositions, particles (e.g. tvam it, thou indeed; yadi it, if indeed, &c.) occurs often in the Ṛg-veda and Atharva-veda, seldom in the Brāhmaṇas, and its place is taken in classical Sanskṛt by eva and other particles.

aryaman : aryamán m. a bosom friend, play-fellow, companion, (especially) a friend who asks a woman in marriage for another, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [TBr.]

aryaman : N. of an Āditya (who is commonly invoked together with Varuṇa and Mitra, also with Bhaga, Bṛhaspati, and others; he is supposed to be the chief of the Manes, [Bhag.] &c., the milky way is called his path [aryamṇáḥ pánthāḥ, [TBr.]]; he presides over the Nakṣatra Uttaraphalgunī, [VarBṛS.]; his name is used to form different male names, [Pāṇ. v, 3, 84]), [RV.] &c.

aryaman : the sun, [Śiś. ii, 39]

aryaman : the Asclepias plant, [L.]

nī : for nis (q.v.) before r.

nī : (for 1. See p. 543, col. 3) cl. 1. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxii, 5]) nayati, °te (pf. P. nināya, 2. sg. ninetha, [RV.], 1. pl. nīnima, [TS.]; Subj. ninīthás Pot. ninīyāt, [RV.]; Impv. ninetu, [MaitrS.]; Ā. ninye, [Br.] &c.; -nayām āsa, [MBh.]; -nayāṃ cakre, [R.]; aor. P. 3. du. anītām, Subj. néṣi, nethā́ or nethá, [RV.]; anaiṣīt Subj. neṣati, °ṣat, 3. pl. Ā. aneṣata, [ib.]; anayīt, [AV.]; fut. neṣyati, [AV.]; °te, [Br.]; nayiṣyati, °te, [MBh.]; [R.]; nétā, nayitā, [ib.]; ind.p. nītvā, [Br.] &c.; nayitvā, [MBh.]; -nī́ya, [AV.] &c.; inf. neṣáṇi, [RV.]; nétavai, °tos and nayitum, [Br.]; nétum, [ib.] &c. &c.), to lead, guide, conduct, direct, govern (also with agram and gen.; cf. agra-ṇī), [RV.] &c. &c.; to lead &c. towards or to (acc. with or without prati dat., loc. or artham ifc.), [ib.]; to lead or keep away, exclude from (abl.), [AitBr.]; (Ā.) to carry off for one's self (as a victor, owner &c.), [AV.]; [TĀr.]; [MBh.]; (Ā., rarely P.) to lead home i.e. marry, [MBh.]; [R.]; to bring into any state or condition (with acc., e.g. with vaśam, to bring into subjection, subdue [Ā. [RV. x, 84, 3]; [AV. v, 19, 5]; P. [Ragh. viii, 19]]; with śūdra-tām, to reduce to a Śūdra, [Mn. iii, 15]; with sākṣyam [Ā.], to admit as a witness, [viii, 197]; with vyāghra-tām, to change into a tiger, [Hit.]; with vikrayam, to sell, [Yājñ.]; with paritoṣam, to satisfy, [Pañc.]; with duḥkham, to pain, [Amar.]; rarely, with loc., e.g. duhitṛ-tve, to make a person one's daughter, [R. i, 44, 38]; or with an adv. in -sāt, e.g. bhasmasāt to reduce to ashes, [Pañc. i, 198/199]); to draw (a line &c.), [ŚāṅkhŚr.]; [Sūryas.]; to pass or spend (time), [Yājñ.]; [Kāv.] &c.; (with daṇḍam) to bear the rod i.e. inflict punishment, [Mn.]; [Yājñ.] (with vyavahāram) to conduct a process, [Yājñ.]; (with kriyām) to conduct a ceremony, preside over a religious act, [MBh.]; to trace, track, find out, ascertain, settle, decide (with anyathā, ‘wrongly’), [Mn.]; [Yājñ.]; [MBh.] &c.; (Ā.) to be foremost or chief, [Pāṇ. i, 3, 36] : Caus. nāyayati, °te, to cause to lead &c.; to cause to be led by (instr.), [Mn. v, 104] (cf. [Pāṇ. i, 4, 52], Vārtt. 5, [Pat.]) : Desid. nínīṣati, te ([AV. xix, 50, 5], w.r. nineṣati), to wish to lead or bring or carry to or into (acc. or dat.), [AV.]; [Up.]; [MBh.] &c.; to wish to carry away, [R.]; to wish to spend or pass (time), [Naiṣ.]; to wish to exclude from (abl.), [AitBr.]; to wish to find out or ascertain, investigate, [MBh.] : Intens. nenīyáte to lead as a captive, have in one's power, rule, govern, [TS.]; [VS.]; [MBh.]

nī : mfn. leading, guiding, a leader or guide (mostly ifc., cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 2, 61] and agra-ṇī, agreṇī; but also alone, cf. [vi, 4, 77]; [82] &c.)

nī : P. ny-eti (3. pl. ni-yanti; p. -yat; impf. ny-āyan ind.p. nītya), to go into (cf. nyāya), enter, come or fall into, incur (acc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; to undergo the nature of i.e. to be changed into (°bhāvam), [RPrāt.]

nī : in comp. = 1. ni (p. 538, col. 3).

jana : jána mf(I)n. ‘generating’, see puraṃ-

jana : jána m. (g. vṛṣādi) creature, living being, man, person, race (páñca jánās, ‘the five races’ = p° kṛṣṭáyas, [RV. iii], [viii ff.]; [MBh. iii, 14160]), people, subjects (the sg. used collectively, e.g. daívya or divyā́ j°, ‘divine race’, the gods collectively, [RV.]; mahat j°, many people, [R. vi, 101, 2]; often ifc. denoting one person or a number of persons collectively, e.g. preṣya-, bandhu-, sakhī- &c., qq.vv. ; with names of peoples, [VarBṛS. iv, 22] and [v, 74]; ayaṃ janaḥ, ‘this person, these persons’, I, we, [MBh. viii, 709]; [Hariv. 7110]; [R. ii, 41, 2]; [Śak.] &c.; eṣa j°, id., [Kāvyād. ii, 75]), [RV.] &c.

jana : the person nearest to the speaker (also with ayam or asau, ‘this my lover’, [Kāvyād. ii, 271]; [Ratnāv. i, 24/25]), [Nal. x, 10]; [Śak.]; [Mālav.]

jana : a common person, one of the people, [Kir. ii, 42] and [47]

jana : the world beyond the Mahar-loka, [BhP. iii, 11, 29]; [SkandaP.]

jana : janá (°ná), m. (g. aśvādi) N. of a man (with the patr. Śārkarākṣya), [ŚBr. x]; [ChUp.]

mitra : mitrá m. (orig. mit-tra, fr. √ mith or mid; cf. medin) a friend, companion, associate, [RV.]; [AV.] (in later language mostly n.)

mitra : N. of an Āditya (generally invoked together with Varuṇa cf. mitrā-v°, and often associated with Aryaman q.v.; Mitra is extolled alone in [RV. iii, 59], and there described as calling men to activity, sustaining earth and sky and beholding all creatures with unwinking eye; in later times he is considered as the deity of the constellation Anurādhā, and father of Utsarga), [RV.] &c. &c.

mitra : the sun, [Kāv.] &c. (cf. comp.)

mitra : N. of a Marut, [Hariv.]

mitra : of a son of Vasiṣṭha and various other men, [Pur.]

mitra : of the third Muhūrta, [L.]

mitra : du. = mitrá-varuṇa, [RV.]

mitra : mitrá n. friendship, [RV.]

mitra : mitrá n. a friend, companion (cf. m. above), [TS.] &c., &c.

mitra : mitrá n. (with aurasa) a friend connected by blood-relationship, [Hit.]

mitra : an ally (a prince whose territory adjoins that of an immediate neighbour who is called ari, enemy, [Mn. vii, 158] &c., in this meaning also applied to planets, [VarBṛS.])

mitra : a companion to = resemblance of (gen.; ifc. = resembling, like), [Bālar.]; [Vcar.]

mitra : N. of the god Mitra (enumerated among the 10 fires), [MBh.]

mitra : a partic. mode of fighting, [Hariv.] (v.l. for bhinna).

mitra : Nom. P. mitrati, to act in a friendly manner, [Śatr.]

na : the dental nasal (found at the beginning of words and before or after dental consonants as well as between vowels; subject to conversion into ṇa, [Pāṇ. viii, 4, 1]-[39]).

na : ná ind. not, no, nor, neither, [RV.] (nā, [x, 34, 8]) &c. &c. (as well in simple negation as in wishing, requesting and commanding, except in prohibition before an Impv. or an augmentless aor. [cf. 1. mā]; in successive sentences or clauses either simply repeated, e.g. [Mn. iv, 34]; or strengthened by another particle, esp. at the second place or further on in the sentence, e.g. by u [cf. no], utá, api, cāpi, vā, vāpi or atha vā, [RV. i, 170, 1]; [151, 9]; [Nal. iii, 24], &c.; it may even be replaced by ca, vā, api ca, api vā, &c. alone, as, [Mn. ii, 98]; [Nal. i, 14], &c.; often joined with other particles, beside those mentioned above esp. with a following tu, tv eva, tv eva tu, ced, q.v., khalu, q.v., ha [cf. g. cādi and [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 31]] &c.; before round or collective numbers and after any numeral in the instr. or abl. it expresses deficiency, e.g. ekayā na viṃśati, not 20 by 1 i.e. 19 [ŚBr.]; pañcabhir na catvāri śatāni, 395 [ib.]; with another or an a priv. it generally forms a strong affirmation [cf. [Vām. v, 1, 9]] e.g. neyaṃ na vakṣyati, she will most certainly declare, [Śak. iii, 9]; nādaṇḍyo 'sti, he must certainly be punished, [Mn. viii, 335]; it may also, like a, form compounds, [Vām. v, 2, 13] [cf. below])

na : that not, lest, for fear lest (with Pot.), [MBh.]; [R.]; [Daś.] &c.

na : like, as, as it were (only in Veda and later artificial language, e.g. gauro na tṛṣitaḥ piba, drink like [lit. ‘not’ i.e. ‘although not being’] a thirsty deer; in this sense it does not coalesce metrically with a following vowel).

na : [cf. Gk. νη-; Lat. ně-; Angl.Sax. ne, ‘not’; Engl. no, &c.]

na : mfn. ([L.]) thin, spare

na : vacant, empty

na : identical

na : unvexed, unbroken

na : m. band, fetter

na : jewel, pearl

na : war

na : gift

na : welfare

na : N. of Buddha

na : N. of Gaṇeśa

na : = prastuta

na : = dviraṇḍa (?)

dampati : dám—pati (dám-), m. (= δεσ-πότης) the lord of the house (Agni, Indra, the Aśvins), [i]; [ii, 39, 2] (cf. [Pāṇ. i, 1, 11], [Kāś.]); [v], [viii]

dampati : (ī), du. (g. rājadantādi, the comp. taken as a Dvandva and dam in the sense of ‘wife’), ‘the two masters’, husband and wife, [v], [viii], [x]; [AV.]; [Gobh.] &c. (said of birds, [VarBṛS. vc]; [Hit.])

dampati : (accord. to some = ‘lord, master’, fr. √ daṃs + p° [cf. dan above]; ī, du., ‘master and mistress’).

dampati : dám-pati See 2. dám

añj : cl. 7. P. Ā. anákti, aṅkté, ā-nañja, añjiṣyati or aṅkṣyati, āñjīt, añjitum or aṅktum, to apply an ointment or pigment, smear with, anoint; to decorate, prepare; to honour, celebrate; to cause to appear, make clear, [RV. i, 92, 1]; to be beautiful, [L.]; to go, [L.] : Caus. añjayat, āñjijat, to smear with; to speak; to shine; to cause to go, [L.]

añj : [cf. Lat. ungo].

bṛhaspati : bṛ́has-páti m. (also written vṛh°-p°; fr. 3. bṛh + pati; cf. brahmaṇas-pati) ‘lord of prayer or devotion’, N. of a deity (in whom Piety and Religion are personified; he is the chief offerer of prayers and sacrifices, and therefore represented as the type of the priestly order, and the Purohita of the gods with whom he intercedes for men; in later times he is the god of wisdom and eloquence, to whom various works are ascribed; he is also regarded as son of Aṅgiras, husband of Tārā and father of Kaca, and sometimes identified with Vyāsa; in astronomy he is the regent of Jupiter and often identified with that planet), [RV.] &c., &c. (cf. [RTL. 215])

bṛhaspati : N. of a prince (great-grandson of Aśoka), [Buddh.]

bṛhaspati : of a king of Kaśmīra, [Rājat.]

bṛhaspati : of the author of a law-book, [IW. 203]; [302]

bṛhaspati : of a philosopher, [ib.] [120]

bṛhaspati : of other authors (also with miśra and ācārya cf. above), [Cat.]

bṛhaspati : (with āṅgirasa cf. above) N. of the author of [RV. x, 71]; [72]; [Anukr.]

vājaya : (cf. √ vaj) Nom. P. Ā. °yáti, °te (inf. vājayádhyai), to race, speed, hasten, run, contend, vie, [RV.]; to urge on, incite, impel, [ib.]; [AV.]; [PañcavBr.]; P. (vājáyati), to worship, [Naigh. iii, 14]; to fan, kindle (considered as Caus. of √ vā), [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 88.]

vaj : (prob. corrupted fr. √ vraj) cl. 1. P. vajati (pf. vavāja fut. vajitā &c. Gr.), to go, [Dhātup. vii, 78]: Caus. or cl. 10. P. vājayati, to prepare the way, to trim or feather an arrow (mārga-, or mārgaṇa-saṃskāre), [Dhātup. xxxii, 74]. Another √ or uj, ‘to be hard or strong’, may be inferred from ugra, ojas, vajra, vāja (qq.vv.), the last of which gave rise to the Nom. vājaya, q.v. [For cognate words See under ugra and ojas.]

āśu : āśú mfn. (√ 1. aś, [Uṇ. i, 1]), fast, quick, going quickly, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.] &c.

āśu : (us), m. Ved. the quick one, a horse, [RV.]; [AV.]

āśu : āśú (us or u), m n. rice ripening quickly in the rainy season, [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; [L.]

āśu : āśú (u), n. N. of a Sāman

āśu : āśú (u), ind. quickly, quick, immediately, directly, [Suśr.]; [Megh.]; [Pañcat.] &c.

āśu : [cf. Gk. ὠκύς, ὤκιστος; Lat. acu in acupedius, ôcissimus: of the same origin may be the Lat. aquila and accipiter.]

āji : ājí m. rarely f. only once in [RV. i, 116, 15], (√ aj), a running-match

āji : a fighting-match, prize-fight, combat, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.

āji : [ājím-√ aj or √ i or √ dhāv or √ sṛ, to run with or against any one for a prize, [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] &c.]

āji : war, battle (ājau, in battle, [MBh.]; [R.]; [Ragh. xii, 45], &c.)

āji : place for running, race-course, [RV. iv, 24, 8]; [AV. xiii, 2, 4]

āji : (= ākṣepa) abuse, [L.]

āji : (= kṣaṇa) an instant, [L.]

āji : ā-√ ji √ jí (p. -jáyat; impf. 3. du. ājayatām) to conquer, win, [RV. ii, 27, 15]; [AitBr.]; [TāṇḍyaBr.] : Desid. p. -jígīṣamāṇa, trying or desiring to win, [RV. i, 163, 7.]