cl. 3. P. viveṣṭi (only [RV.] cf. Intens.; here and ep. also cl. 1. P. véṣati cf. below; Subj. vivéḥ, víveṣaḥ, [RV.]; pf. viveṣa, viviṣuḥ, [ib.] [áviveṣīḥ, [iv, 22, 5] &c.]; aor. aviṣat, avikṣat Gr.; Impv. viḍḍhí, [AV.]; fut. vekṣyati, °te, [Br.]; veṣṭā Gr.; inf. veṣṭum Gr.; -víṣe, [RV.]; ind.p. viṣṭvī́, [ib.]; -víṣya, [AV.]), to be active, act, work, do, perform, [RV.]; [ŚBr.]; (cl. 1. P. véṣati cf. [Dhātup. xvii, 47]) to be quick, speed, run, flow (as water), [ib.]; to work as a servant, serve, [ib.]; to have done with i.e. overcome, subdue, rule, [ib.]; ([Naigh. ii, 8]) to be contained in (acc.), [Tattvak.] : Caus. veṣayati, to clothe, [BhP.] : Intens. (or cl. 3. accord. to [Dhātup. xxv, 13]) véveṣṭi, veviṣṭe, to be active or busy in various ways &c., [RV.]; [AV.]; (p. véviṣat) to consume, eat, [ib.] (cf. [Naigh. ii, 8]); (p. véviṣāṇa) aided or supported by (instr.), [RV. vii, 18, 15.]
vi-ṣo (√ so) P. -ṣyati (aor. Subj. -ṣāt; Pot. -ṣīmahi; Impv. -ṣāhi), to let loose, release, set free, flow, shed, cause to flow, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [Kauś.]; to unharness, unbridle, [RV.]; to open, [ib.]; to relax, mollify, [ib.]
ind. (only in comp. and derivatives, prob. connected with viśva accord. to [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 77], Vārtt. 1, [Pat.] a Ved. acc. viṣvam = viṣuvam) on both sides, in both directions
in various directions
similarly, equally.
√ vi-ṣu (3. su; only pf. p. Ā. -suṣvāṇa with pass. meaning, [RV. ix, 101, 11]; accord. to [Vop.] also aor. vy-aṣāvīt; fut. vi-soṣyati and vi-saviṣyati), to press or squeeze out (the Soma plant for obtaining its juice).
víṣṇu m. (prob. fr. √ viṣ, ‘All-pervader’ or ‘Worker’) N. of one of the principal Hindū deities (in the later mythology regarded as ‘the preserver’, and with Brahmā ‘the creator’ and Śiva ‘the destroyer’, constituting the well-known Tri-mūrti or triad; although Viṣṇu comes second in the triad he is identified with the supreme deity by his worshippers; in the Vedic period, however, he is not placed in the foremost rank, although he is frequently invoked with other gods [esp. with Indra whom he assists in killing Vṛtra and with whom he drinks the Soma juice; cf. his later names Indrānuja and Upendra]; as distinguished from the other Vedic deities, he is a personification of the light and of the sun, esp. in his striding over the heavens, which he is said to do in three paces [see tri-vikrama and cf. bali, vāmana], explained as denoting the threefold manifestations of light in the form of fire, lightning, and the sun, or as designating the three daily stations of the sun in his rising, culminating, and setting ; Viṣṇu does not appear to have been included at first among the Ādityas [q.v.], although in later times he is accorded the foremost place among them; in the Brāhmaṇas he is identified with sacrifice, and in one described as a dwarf; in the Mahā-bhārata and Rāmāyaṇa he rises to the supremacy which in some places he now enjoys as the most popular deity of modern Hindū worship; the great rivalry between him and Śiva [cf. vaiṣṇava and śaiva] is not fully developed till the period of the Purāṇas: the distinguishing feature in the character of the Post-vedic Viṣṇu is his condescending to become incarnate in a portion of his essence on ten principal occasions, to deliver mankind from certain great dangers [cf. avatāra and [IW. 327]]; some of the Purāṇas make 22 incarnations, or even 24, instead of 10; the Vaiṣṇavas regard Viṣṇu as the supreme being, and often identify him with Nārāyaṇa, the personified Puruṣa or primeval living spirit [described as moving on the waters, reclining on Śeṣa, the serpent of infinity, while the god Brahmā emerges from a lotus growing from his navel; cf. [Manu. i, 10]]; the wives of Viṣṇu are Aditi and Sinīvālī, later Lakṣmī or Śrī and even Sarasvatī; his son is Kāma-deva, god of love, and his paradise is called Vaikuṇṭha; he is usually represented with a peculiar mark on his breast called Śrī-vatsa, and as holding a śaṅkha, or conch-shell called Pāñcajanya, a cakra or quoit-like missile-weapon called Su-darśana, a gadā or club called Kaumodakī and a padma or lotus; he has also a bow called Śārṅga, and a sword called Nandaka; his vāhana or vehicle is Garuḍa q.v.; he has a jewel on his wrist called Syamantaka, another on his breast called Kaustubha, and the river Ganges is said to issue from his foot; the demons slain by him in his character of ‘preserver from evil’, or by Kṛṣṇa as identified with him, are Madhu, Dhenuka, Cāṇūra, Yamala, and Arjuna [see yamalārjuna], Kāla-nemi, Haya-grīva, Śakaṭa, Ariṣṭa, Kaiṭabha, Kaṃsa, Keśin, Mura, Śālva, Mainda, Dvi-vida, Rāhu, Hiraṇya-kaśipu, Bāṇa, Kāliya, Naraka, Bali; he is worshipped under a thousand names, which are all enumerated in [MBh. xiii, 6950]-[7056]; he is sometimes regarded as the divinity of the lunar mansion called Śravaṇa), [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. [RTL. 44]; [IW. 324])
N. of the month Caitra, [VarBṛS.]
(with prājāpatya) of the author of [RV. x, 84]
of a son of Manu Sāvarṇa and Bhautya, [MārkP.]
of the writer of a law-book, [Yājñ.]
of the father of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī, [L.]
(also with gaṇaka, kavi, daivajña, paṇḍita, bhaṭṭa, miśra, yatīndra, vājapeyin, śāstrin &c.) of various authors and others, [Inscr.]; [Cat.]
= agni, [L.]
= vasu-devatā, [L.]
= śuddha, [L.]
víṣṇu f. N. of the mother of the 11th Arhat of the present Avasarpiṇī, [L.]
víṣṇu n. pl. (in a formula), [ĀpŚr.]
(viṣṇor with apamarṇam, ājya-doham, vratam; [oḥ] sāma, svarīyaḥ N. of Sāmans; with ṣoḍaśa-nāma-stotram, anusmṛtiḥ, aṣṭāviṃśati-nāma-stotram, and mahā-stutiḥ N. of works.)
f. (for 2. 3. See p. 999, col. 1) = 3. viṣ, feces, excrement (acc. with √ kṛ or vi-√ dhā, to void excrement), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (often w.r. viṣṭā).
vi-ṣṭhā (√ sthā; for 1. See p. 996, col. 2) Ā. -tiṣṭhate (cf. [Pāṇ. i, 3, 22]; Ved. and ep. also P.), to stand or go apart, be spread or diffused or scattered over or through (acc. or adhi with loc.), [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.]; to be removed or separated from (instr.), [TS.]; [AV.]; to stand, be stationary stand still, remain firm, abide, dwell, stop, [RV.] &c. &c.; to keep ground, not to budge, [R.]; to be present or near, [MBh.]; to be engaged in (loc.), [Hariv.] : Caus. (only aor. -tiṣṭhipaḥ) to spread, expand, [RV. i, 56, 5.]
vi-ṣad (√ sad) P. -ṣīdati (impf. Class. vy-aṣīdat, Ved. vya-ṣīdat, or vy-asīdat, [Pāṇ. viii, 3, 119]; pf. vi-ṣasāda, [ib.] [118]; inf. -ṣattum or -ṣīditum, [MBh.]), to be exhausted or dejected, despond, despair, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to sink down, be immersed in (loc.), [R. v, 95, 15] (perhaps vi-ṣeduḥ w.r. for ni-ṣ°) : Caus. -ṣādayati, to cause to despond or despair, vex, grieve, afflict, [MBh.]; B. &c.
vi-ṣah (√ sah) Ā. -ṣahate (impf. vy-aṣahata, or vy-asahata, [Pāṇ. viii, 3, 71]; inf. -ṣahitum or -soḍhum, not -ṣoḍhum, [ib.], [115]), to conquer, subdue, overpower, be a match for (acc.), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]; [Hariv.]; to be able to or capable of (inf.), [MBh.]; [R.]; to bear, withstand, resist, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to endure, suffer, put up with (acc. also with inf.), [R.]; [Gīt.]; [BhP.] : Caus. (only aor. vy-asīṣa-hat), [Pāṇ. viii, 3, 116] : Intens. See vi-ṣāsahí.
n. (for 2. See under vi-√ ṣo, fr. which 1. may perhaps also come; in older language also f(A). and accord. to g. ardhar-cādi, also m.; ifc. ā or ī) a horn, the horn of any animal, [AV.] &c. &c. (cf. kharī-, śaśa-v°)
a horn (wind-instrument), [BhP.]
the tusk (of an elephant or of a boar or of Gaṇeśa), [MBh.]; [Hariv.] &c.
the claws (of a crab), [Pañcat.]
a peak, top, point, summit, [ṢaḍvBr.]; [VarBṛS.]
the horn-like tuft on Śiva's head, [MBh.]
the tip of the breast, nipple, [BhP.]
the chief or best of a class or kind (cf. -bhūta; dhī-v° = ‘acuteness of intellect, sagacity’), [MBh.]; [VarBṛS.]
a sword or knife, [R.] (v.l. kṛpāṇa)
vi-ṣā́ṇa n. (for 1. See p. 997, col. 3) discharging (a fluid), [RV. v, 44, 11.]
vi-ṣañj (√ sañj) P. -ṣajati to hang on, hang to, attach, [TS.]; [Kāṭh.]; (-ṣajjate), to be attached or devoted to, [BhP.] (pr. p. -ṣajjat, addicted to worldly objects, [ib.]; -ṣajjantī f. devoted to a man, [ib.]); to be stuck to or clung to, i.e. be followed at the heels by (instr.), [ib.]
special sphere or department, peculiar province or field of action, peculiar element, concern (ifc. = ‘concerned with, belonging to, intently engaged on’; viṣaye, with gen. or ifc. = ‘in the sphere of, with regard or reference to’; atra viṣaye, ‘with regard to this object’), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
space or room (sometimes = fitness) for (gen.), [Kāv.]; [Pañcat.]
an object of sense (these are five in number, the five indriya, or organs of sense having each their proper or object, viz. 1. śabda, ‘sound’, for the ear, cf. śruti-viṣaya; 2. sparśa, ‘tangibility’, for the skin; 3. rūpa, ‘form’ or ‘colour’, for the eye; 4. rasa, ‘savour’, for the tongue; 5. gandha, ‘odour’ for the nose: and these five Viṣayas are sometimes called the Guṇas or ‘properties’ of the five elements, ether, air, fire, water, earth, respectively; cf. śruti-viṣaya-guṇa), [Yājñ.]; [Śaṃk.]; [Sarvad.]; [IW. 83]
a symbolical N. of the number ‘five’, [VarBṛS.]
anything perceptible by the senses, any object of affection or concern or attention, any special worldly object or aim or matter or business, (pl.) sensual enjoyments, sensuality, [KaṭhUp.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.
any subject or topic, subject-matter, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
an object (as opp. to ‘a subject’), [Sarvad.]
a fit or suitable object (‘for’ dat. gen., or comp.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
(in phil.) the subject of an argument, category, general head (one of the 5 members of an Adhikaraṇa [q.v.], the other 4 being viśaya or saṃśaya, pūrva-pakṣa, uttara-pakṣa or siddhānta, and saṃgati or nirṇaya), [Sarvad.]
inorganic matter, [IW. 73]
(in gram.) limited or restricted sphere (e.g. chandasi viṣaye, ‘only in the Veda’), [Kāś.] (ifc. = restricted or exclusively belonging to)
(in rhet.) the subject of a comparison (e.g. in the comp. ‘lotus-eye’ the second member is the , and the first the viṣayin), [Kuval.]; [Pratāp.]
vi-ṣvan (for vi-√ svan, q.v.) P. -ṣvaṇati (impf. vy-aṣvaṇat), to make a sound in eating, smack the lips (in any other sense the dental s must be used accord. to [Pāṇ. viii, 3, 68] &c.), [Śiś. xviii, 77.]
ví-ṣakta mfn. hung to or on or upon, hung or suspended to, hanging or sticking on or in, firmly fixed or fastened or adhering to (loc.), [AV.] &c. &c.
turned or directed towards (loc. or comp.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
spread or extended over (loc.), [Jātakam.]
(ifc.) dependent on [Daś.]
produced, implanted, [Uttarar.]
stopped, interrupted (said of a cow that has ceased to give milk), [RV. i, 117, 20]