tap तप् (cf. √ pat) cl. 4. Ā. °pyate, to rule, [Dhātup. xxvi, 50.] cl. 1. tápati (rarely Ā.; Subj. °pāti, [RV. v, 79, 9]; p. tápat, [RV.] &c.; cl. 4. p. tápyat, [VS. xxxix, 12]; pf. 1. sg. tatápa, [RV. vii, 104, 15]; 3. sg. °tā́pa, [x, 34, 11]; [AV. vii, 18, 2] &c.; p. tepāná, [RV.]; fut. tapsyáti, [Br.] &c.: °te & tapiṣyati, [MBh.]) to give out heat, be hot, shine (as the sun), [RV.] &c.; to make hot or warm, heat, shine upon, [ib.]; to consume or destroy by heat, [ib.]; to suffer pain, [MBh. viii, 1794]; [Gīt. vii, 31]; (with paścāt) to repent of [MBh. viii, 39, 15]; to torment one's self, undergo self-mortification, practise austerity (tapas), [TUp. ii, 6]; [Mn. i f.]; [MBh.] &c.; to cause pain to, injure, damage, spoil, [RV.]; [AitBr. vii, 17]; [ŚBr. xiv] &c. : Pass. or cl. 4. Ā. tapyáte ([xiv]; or tápy°, [TBr. ii]; p. °pyámāna, [AV.]; tápy°, [xix, 56, 5]; cf. á-; aor. atāpi, [RV. vii, 70, 2]; atapta, [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 65], [Kāś.]; pf. tepe, [MBh.] &c.; p. °pāná, [ŚBr.]; also P. tapyati, °pyet, atapyat, &c., [MBh.]; [R.]; [Kathās. x, 4]) to be heated or burnt, become hot, [RV.] &c.; to be purified by austerities (as the soul), [Sarvad.]; to suffer or feel pain, [RV. x, 34, 10] and [95, 17]; [AV. xix, 56, 5]; [ŚBr. xiv]; [MBh.] &c.; to suffer pain voluntarily, undergo austerity (tapas), [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [TBr.]; [ṢaḍvBr.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.] &c.: Caus. tāpayati, °te (p. °páyat, [AV.]; Pass. °pyate, [MBh.] &c.; aor. atītape & [Subj.] tatápate, [RV.]) to make warm or hot, [iv, 2, 6]; [viii, 72, 4]; [Kauś.]; [MBh.] &c.; to consume by heat, [R.] &c.; to cause pain, trouble, distress, [AV. xix, 28, 2]; [MBh.] &c.; to torment one's self, undergo penance, [iii, 8199] : Intens. (p. tātapyamāna) to feel violent pain, be in great anxiety, [R. i, 11, 8]; [BhP. ii, 7, 24]; [cf. Lat. tepeo &c.] mfn. ‘warming one's self’. See agni-táp. tapā तपा f. N. of one of the 8 deities of the Bodhi-vṛkṣa, [Lalit. xxi, 404] tapa तप mfn. ifc. ‘consuming by heat’, see lalāṭam- ‘causing pain or trouble, distressing’, see janaṃ- and paraṃ- tormented by, [Hariv. i, 45, 37] m. heat, warmth (cf. ā-), [Pañcat. ii, 3, 5/6] the hot season, [Śiś. i, 66] the sun, [W.] = °pas, religious austerity, [Car.]; [Cāṇ.] (cf. mahā- and su-) a peculiar form of fire (which generated the seven mothers of Skanda), [MBh. iii, 14392] Indra, [Gal.] N. of an attendant of Śiva, [L.], Sch. cf. a-. tapo तपो in comp. for °pas. tapu तपु tápu mfn. burning hot, [RV. ii, 4, 6]; [ix, 83, 2.] tapaḥ तपः in comp. for °pas. tapaś तपश् in comp. for °pas. tapas तपस् tápas n. warmth, heat (pañca tapāṃsi, the 5 fires to which a devotee exposes himself in the hot season, viz. 4 fires lighted in the four quarters and the sun burning from above, [Mn. vi, 23]; [R.]; [BhP. iv]; [BrahmaP.]; cf. [Ragh. xiii, 41]), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.] pain, suffering, [RV. vii, 82, 7] religious austerity, bodily mortification, penance, severe meditation, special observance (e.g. ‘sacred learning’ with Brāhmans, ‘protection of subjects’ with Kṣatriyas, ‘giving alms to Brāhmans’ with Vaiśyas, ‘service’ with Śūdras, and ‘feeding upon herbs and roots’ with Ṛṣis, [Mn. xi, 236]), [RV. ix, 113, 2] [x] (personified, [83, 2 f.] & [101, 1], ‘father of Manyu’, [RAnukr.]), [AV.] &c. (m., [L.]) N. of a month intervening between winter and spring, [VS.]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr. iv]; [Suśr.]; [Pāṇ. iv, 4, 128], Vārtt. 2, [Pat.]; [Śiś. vi, 63] the hot season, [L.], Sch. = °po-loka, [Vedāntas. 120] the 9th lunar mansion (dharma), [VarBṛ. i, 19]; [ix, 1] and [4] N. of a Kalpa period, [VāyuP. i, 21, 27.] tapat तपत् mfn. pr. p. √ 2. tap, q.v. cf. tāpatya. tapta तप्त taptá mfn. heated, inflamed, hot, made red-hot, refined (gold &c.), fused, melted, molten, [RV.]; [AV.] &c. distressed, afflicted, worn, [R. iii, 55, 15]; [Megh.]; [Śak.] (in astrol.) opposed by, [VarYogay. ix, 16] practised (as austerities), [MBh. v, 7147]; [R. i, 57, 8] one who has practised austerities, [ŚBr.]; [ChUp.] inflamed with anger, incensed, [W.] taptá n. hot water, [ŚBr. xiv, 1, 1, 29] taptṛ तप्तृ m. a heater, [MBh. i, 8414.] tapti तप्ति f. heat, [Bādar. ii, 2, 10], Sch. tapur तपुर् in comp. for °pus. tapus तपुस् tápus mfn. burning, hot, [RV. ii, 30, 4] and [34, 9]; [vi, 52, 2] tápus m. fire, [Uṇ., Sch.] the sun, [ib.] ‘pain-causer’, an enemy, [ib.] tápus n. heat, [RV.]; [AV. i, 13, 3.] tapya तप्य mfn. to be refined, [Sarvad.]; [Bādar. ii, 2, 10], Sch. (-tva n. abstr.) performing austerity (= sattva-maya, Sch.; said of Śiva), [MBh. xii, 10381.] tapanī तपनी tapanī́ (ī́), f. heat, [RV. ii, 23, 14] the root of Bignonia suaveolens, [Npr.] = °pantī, [Divyāv. xxx, 317] and [409] a cooking vessel, [Baudh.] ([TS.], Sch.) tapana तपन tápana mfn. warming, burning, shining (the sun), [MBh. i], [v]; [R. vi, 79, 57] causing pain or distress, [RV. ii, 23, 4]; [x, 34, 6]; [AV. iv], [xix] tápana m. (g. nandy-ādi) the sun, [MBh. i], [vi], [xiii]; [R. i, 16, 11]; [Ragh.] &c. heat, [L.] the hot season, [L.] N. of a hell (cf. mahā-), [Mn. iv, 89]; [Buddh.] N. of an Agni, [Hariv. 10465] Agastya (cf. āgneya), [L.] Semecarpus Anacardium, [Npr.] = -cchada (or ‘a white kind of it’, [Npr.]), [L.] Premna spinosa, [L.] Cassia Senna, [Npr.] the civet cat, [Gal.] = -maṇi, [L.] N. of a Yakṣa, [MBh. i, 32, 18] of a Rakṣas, [R. vi] tapaná (°ná), n. the being hot, burning, heat, [TBr. ii, 2, 9, 1 f.] pining, grieving, mental distress, [Kāṭh. xxviii, 4]; [Sāh. iii] cf. gopāla-, tripúra, rāma-. tapara तपर ta—para mfn. followed by t, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 70] tapasa तपस m. = °po-rāja, [Uṇ. iii], Sch. a bird, [ib.] tapatā तपता tapa-tā f. ifc. governing, [BhP. iv, 22, 37.] tapatī तपती f. ‘warming’, N. of a daughter of the Sun by Chāyā (married to Saṃvaraṇa and mother of Kuru), [MBh. i]; [BhP. vi], [viii f.]; [VāmP.] = °pantī, [Rasik.]; [Kathārṇ.] tapita तपित mfn. refined (gold), [Hariv. 13035.] tapoda तपोद tapo—da n. ‘granting religious merit’, N. of a Tīrtha, [Hariv. 9524.] tapo—da any sacred place, [Bcar.] tapojā तपोजा tapo—jā́ mfn. born from heat, [VS. x, 6] [xxxvii, 16] become (a god or saint) through religious austerity, [RV. x, 154, 5]; [AV. vi, 61, 1]; [MaitrS. iv, 9, 6, 7]; [AitBr. ii, 27.] taptam तप्तम् taptám (ám), ind. in a hot manner, [xi, 2, 7, 32]. tapuṣī तपुषी tápuṣī f. heat of anger, [Naigh. ii, 13.] tapuṣi तपुषि tápuṣi mfn. burning (a weapon), [RV. iii, 30, 17] ([Nir. vi, 3]), [vi, 52, 3] tápuṣi m. f. a burning weapon, [i, 42, 4]. tapānta तपान्त m. id., [MBh. vi], [viii]; [R. vi, 37, 68.] tapīyas तपीयस् mfn. (compar.) most devoted to austerities among (gen.), [BhP. ii, 9, 8.] tapantī तपन्ती f. N. of a river, [Divyāv. xxx] tapartu तपर्तु tapa—rtu (ritu) m. the hot season, [Naiṣ. i, 41.] taparuj तपरुज् tapa—ruj f. the pain of bodily austerity, [W.] tapasyā तपस्या (ā), f. (fr. 1. tapasya) id., [Hcar.] tapasya तपस्य Nom. °syati ([Pāṇ. iii, 1, 15]) to undergo religious austerities, [ŚBr. xiv, 6, 8, 10] (táp°), [MBh. i], [iii], [xiii] (Ā. cf. 2. ), [R.] &c. tapasyà mf(A)n. (fr. tápas) produced by heat, [KātyŚr. xxv] belonging to austerity, [Baudh. ii, 5, 1] tapasyà m. ([Pāṇ. iv, 4, 128]) the second month of the season intervening between winter and spring (= phālguna), [VS.]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr. iv]; [Car. viii, 6]; [Suśr. i] Arjuna (= phālguna), [L.] N. of a son of Manu Tāmasa, [Hariv. 428] tapasyà n. the flower of Jasminum multiflorum or pubescens, [L.] devout austerity (?, °sye taken as 1. sg. Ā. of 1. by, [Nīlak.]), [MBh. xiii, 10, 13] tapiṣṇu तपिष्णु mfn. warming, burning (with deva, ‘the sun’), [MBh. xii, 11726.] tapiṣṭha तपिष्ठ tápiṣṭha mfn. (superl.) extremely hot, burning, [RV.]; [AV. xi, 1, 16.] tapobhṛt तपोभृत् tapo—bhṛt mfn. undergoing austerities, (m.) an ascetic, [Hariv. 4849.] taponta तपोन्त tapo—nta mfn. ending with penance, [Mn. xi, 235] tapovat तपोवत् tapo—vat mfn. engaged in austerities, [MBh. xii, 8548.] taptaka तप्तक n. a frying-pan, [Bhpr.] tapuṣpā तपुष्पा tapuṣ-pā́ mfn. drinking warm (beverages), [RV. iii, 35, 3] [‘protecting from pain’, [Sāy.]] tapyati तप्यति tapyatí f. heat, [TS. i, 4, 35, 1] (v.l. °tú). tapyatu तप्यतु tapyatú mfn. hot, [RV. ii, 24, 9] tapyatú f. See °tí. tapaścit तपश्चित् tapaś—cit m. pl. ‘accumulating merit by austerities’, N. of a class of deities, [TāṇḍyaBr. xxv, 5] tapanīya तपनीय mfn. to be heated, [W.] to be suffered (as self-mortification), [W.] m. a sort of rice, [Car. i, 27] n. gold purified with fire, [MBh. iv], [vi]; [R. vi]; [Ragh.] &c. tapasvat तपस्वत् tápas—vat (táp°), mfn. burning, hot, [RV. vi, 5, 4]; [AV. v, 2, 8]; [ŚāṅkhŚr. iii, 19, 15] tápas—vat = °po-v°, [RV. x, 154, 4 f.] tapasvin तपस्विन् tapas—vín mfn. ([Pāṇ. v, 2, 102]) distressed, wretched, poor, miserable, [TS. v, 3, 3, 4] (compar. -ví-tara), [R. ii f.]; [Śak.]; [Mālav.]; [BhP.]; [Sāh.] practising austerities, (m.) an ascetic, [AV. xiii, 2, 25]; [Kāṭh. xx] (compar.), [xxiii] (superl. -vi-tama), [ŚBr.] (compar. [ii]) &c. tapas—vín m. a pauper, [W.] = °paḥkara, [L.] a kind of Karañja tree, [L.] Nārada, [L.] N. of a son of Manu Cākṣuṣa, [Hariv. 71] of a Ṛṣi of the 12th Manv-antara, 482 [BhP. viii, 13, 29]; [VP.] tapodhanā तपोधना tapo—dhanā f. Sphaeranthus mollis, [L.] tapodhana तपोधन tapo—dhana mf(A)n. rich in religious austerities, (m.) a great ascetic, [Mn. xi, 242]; [MBh.]; [Hariv. ii, 69, 62] &c. tapo—dhana m. N. of a son of Manu Tāmasa, [i, 7, 23] of a Ṛṣi of the 12th Manv-antara, [VP. iii, 2, 34] of a Muni, [Kathās. cxvii, 125] = °pasvipattra, [L.] tapodhṛti तपोधृति tapo—dhṛti m. N. of a Ṛṣi of the 12th Manv-antara, [Hariv. 483]; [VP. iii, 2, 34.] tapośana तपोशन tapo—'śana m. ‘whose food is austerity’, N. of a Ṛṣi of the 12th Manvantara, [Hariv. 482] of a son of Manu Tāmasa, 428. tapobala तपोबल tapo—bala m. the power acquired by religious austerities, [ŚāṅkhGṛ. iv, 5]; [15]; [Mn. xi, 241]; [R. i.] tapodāna तपोदान tapo—dāna n. id., [MBh. xiii, 7650.] tapoloka तपोलोक tapo—loka m. one of the 7 worlds (also called tapar-l°, situated above the jana-l°), [ĀruṇUp.]; [BhP. ii, 5, 39], [KāśīKh. xxii] pl. N. of a family, [Pravar. vi, 2.] tapomūla तपोमूल tapo—mūla mfn. founded on religious austerity, [Mn. xi, 235] tapo—mūla m. N. of a son of Manu Tāmasa, [Hariv. 428.] tapomaya तपोमय tapo—maya mf(I)n. consisting in or composed of religious austerities, 3990; 14430 [R. i, 31, 11]; [BhP. ii] practising religious austerities, [Hcat.] taponidhi तपोनिधि tapo—nidhi m. ‘austerity-treasury’, an eminently pious man, [Ragh. i, 56]; [Śak.] (v.l.) [°pasāṃ n°, [R. (G) i, 67, 3]]. taporāśi तपोराशि tapo—rāśi m. an accumulation of religious austerities (Puruṣottama), [R. i, 31, 11.] taporāja तपोराज tapo—rāja m. the moon (as presiding over austerities), [L.] taporata तपोरत tapo—rata mfn. rejoicing in religious austerity, pious, [MBh. i, 36, 3.] taporati तपोरति tapo—rati mfn. id., [i, 1838] tapo—rati m. N. of a son of Manu Tāmasa, [Hariv. 429] = -ravi, [VP. iii, 2, 34.] taporavi तपोरवि tapo—ravi m. ‘sun of ascetics’, N. of a Ṛṣi of the 12th Manv-antara, [Hariv. 482.] tapovāsa तपोवास tapo—vāsa m. = °paḥsthala, [Hariv. 5168.] tapovanā तपोवना tapo—vanā f., [Kathās. xxii.] tapovana तपोवन tapo—vana n. a grove in which religious austerities are performed, [Nal. xii, 62]; [R. i]; [Śak.]; [Ragh.] tapovaṭa तपोवट tapo—vaṭa m. Brahmāvarta (in central India), [L.] tapovidhi तपोविधि tapo—vi°dhi m. N. of two Jaina texts. tapoyoga तपोयोग tapo—yoga m. the practice of penance, [ib.] [i, 41] taptānna तप्तान्न n. hot food, hot rice, [W.] taptavya तप्तव्य mfn. to be practised (austerity), [MBh.] tapyatva तप्यत्व tapya—tva n., abstr. tapāgaccha तपागच्छ tapā-gaccha m. the 6th Gaccha of the Śvetāmbara Jains (founded by Jagac-candra, A.D. 1229). tapātyaya तपात्यय m. ‘end of the heat’, the rainy season, [MBh. iii]; [Śak. iii, 9.] tapaḥśīla तपःशील tapaḥ—śīla mfn. inclined to religious austerities. tapaḥkara तपःकर tapaḥ—kara m. the fish Polynemus risua or paradiseus, [L.] tapaḥkṛśa तपःकृश tapaḥ—kṛśa mfn. emaciated by austerities, [W.] tapaḥsuta तपःसुत tapaḥ—suta m. ‘austerity-son’, Yudhiṣṭhira, [MBh. iii, 313, 19] (°pasaḥ suta, [Śiś. ii, 9.]) tapaneṣṭa तपनेष्ट n. ‘loved by sunbeams’, copper, [L.] tapantaka तपन्तक m. N. of a man, [Kathās. xxiii.] taparloka तपर्लोक tapar-loka m. = °po-l°, [W.] tapasīvan तपसीवन् mf(varI)n. causing pain (?), [Kāṭh.] tapaspati तपस्पति tápas—pati (táp°), m. the lord of austerities, [VS. v, 6] and [40]; [BhP. iv, 24, 14.] tapastanu तपस्तनु tapas—tanu mfn. = °paḥ-kṛśa, [AitĀr. v, 3, 2, 1.] having penance as a body, [JaimUp.] tapasvinī तपस्विनी tápas—vinī f. a female devotee, poor wretched woman, [Nal.]; [R. iii, 2, 7]; [Śak.]; [Daś.] Nardostachys Jaṭā-māṃsī, [L.] Helleborus niger, [L.] = mahāśrāvaṇikā, [Bhpr.] tapasvitā तपस्विता tapasvi—tā f. devout austerity, [MBh. xiii, 2896]; [Śatr.] tapobhaṅga तपोभङ्ग tapo—bhaṅga m. interruption of religious austerities, [Kāvyād. ii, 325.] tapodhāman तपोधामन् tapo—dhāman n. ‘place of austerities’, N. of a Tīrtha, [Rasik. xi, 37.] tapodharma तपोधर्म tapo—dharma m. N. of a son of the 13th Manu, [Hariv. i, 7, 82] (v.l. °rma-bhṛtha). tapodyuti तपोद्युति tapo—dyuti m. ‘brilliant with religious merit’, N. of a Ṛṣi of the 12th Manv-antara, [VP. iii, 2, 34.] tapogaccha तपोगच्छ tapo—gaccha m. = °pā-g°. tapomūrti तपोमूर्ति tapo—mūrti f. an incarnation of religious austerity, [R. i, 31, 11] tapo—mūrti m. = °paso-m°, [BhP. viii, 13, 29]; [VP. iii.] taponitya तपोनित्य tapo—nitya mfn. devoting one's self incessantly to religious austerities, [MBh. iii], [xiv] tapo—nitya m. N. of a man (with the patr. Pauruśiṣṭi), [TĀr. vii, 9, 1.] taponiṣṭha तपोनिष्ठ tapo—niṣṭha mfn. practising austerities, [Mn. iii, 134]; [Yājñ. i, 221.] taporthīya तपोर्थीय tapo—'rthīya mfn. destined for austerities, [MBh. xi, 760.] tapovṛddha तपोवृद्ध tapo—vṛddha mfn. rich in religious austerity, [MBh.] ([Nal. xii, 48]). tapovrāta तपोव्रात tapo—vrāta m. a multitude of austerities, [W.] tapoyajña तपोयज्ञ tapo—yajña mfn. sacrificing by austerities, [Bhag. iv, 28.] tapoyukta तपोयुक्त tapo—yukta mfn. engaged in austerities, [MBh.]; [VarBṛS. lxxxv.] taptāyana तप्तायन taptā́yana mf(I)n. dwelling-place of distressed people (the earth), [VS. v, 9] (tiktāy°, [TS. i]). taptahema तप्तहेम tapta—hema n. refined gold, [MBh. iii, 1722]; [R. i], [iii]; [VarBṛS. cvi, 3]