tápas n. warmth, heat (pañca tapāṃsi, the 5 fires to which a devotee exposes himself in the hot season, viz. 4 fires lighted in the four quarters and the sun burning from above, [Mn. vi, 23]; [R.]; [BhP. iv]; [BrahmaP.]; cf. [Ragh. xiii, 41]), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.]
pain, suffering, [RV. vii, 82, 7]
religious austerity, bodily mortification, penance, severe meditation, special observance (e.g. ‘sacred learning’ with Brāhmans, ‘protection of subjects’ with Kṣatriyas, ‘giving alms to Brāhmans’ with Vaiśyas, ‘service’ with Śūdras, and ‘feeding upon herbs and roots’ with Ṛṣis, [Mn. xi, 236]), [RV. ix, 113, 2]
[x] (personified, [83, 2 f.] & [101, 1], ‘father of Manyu’, [RAnukr.]), [AV.] &c.
(m., [L.]) N. of a month intervening between winter and spring, [VS.]; [TS. i]; [ŚBr. iv]; [Suśr.]; [Pāṇ. iv, 4, 128], Vārtt. 2, [Pat.]; [Śiś. vi, 63]
the hot season, [L.], Sch.
= °po-loka, [Vedāntas. 120]
the 9th lunar mansion (dharma), [VarBṛ. i, 19]; [ix, 1] and [4]
N. of a Kalpa period, [VāyuP. i, 21, 27.]