cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 24]; cf. [Pāṇ. vii, 3, 95]) rauti or ravīti (Ved. also ruváti and ravati, °te; p. rúvat, ravat, ravamāṇa, ravāṇa; pf. rurāva, [MBh.]; ruruvire, [Br.]; aor. árāvīt, [RV.]; Prec. rūyāt Gr.; fut. ravitā or rotā, [ib.]; raviṣyati, [ib.]; inf. ravitum, [ib.], rotum, [Kāv.]), to roar, bellow, howl, yelp, cry aloud, [RV.] &c. &c.; to make any noise or sound, sing (as birds), hum (as bees), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; (rauti) to praise, [Naigh. iii, 14] : Caus. rāvayati (aor. arūruvat with the sense of the Intens. [BhP.]; or arīravat, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 80], Sch.), to cause to bellow or roar, cause an uproar, [ĀśvŚr.]; [MBh.] &c. : Desid. of Caus. rirāvayiṣati Gr. : Desid. rurūṣati, [ib.] : Intens. (Ved.) róravīti (p. róruvat and róruvāṇa) or (ep.) rorūyate, °ti or (Gr.) roroti. to bellow or roar &c. loudly, scream aloud, vociferate.
[cf. Gk. ὠρύομαι; Lat. raucus; Angl.Sax. rŷn.]
m. (only [L.]) sound, noise
fear, alarm
war, battle.
cl. 1. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxii, 63]) ravate (only rāviṣam, [RV. x, 86, 5]; ruruviṣe, araviṣṭa, aroṣṭa, [Vop.]) to break or dash to pieces, [RV.] ([Dhātup.] also ‘to go; to kill; to be angry; to speak’) : Intens. (only p. róruvat) to break, shatter, [RV. i, 54, 1]; [5.]
(cf. √ ruh, of which this seems to be only another form) cl. 1. P. ródhati, to sprout, shoot, grow (only ródhati, [RV. viii, 43, 6]; and viródhat, [i, 67, 9]; accord. to some also p. rudhat, [i, 179, 4], in nadásya rudhatáḥ kā́maḥ, ‘the desire of the growing reed’ i.e. of the membrum virile; others, ‘of the husband who keeps me away’, fr. √ 2. ; cf. also nada).
cl. 7. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxix, 1]) ruṇáddhi, runddhé (1. pl. -rudhmas, [AV.]; rundhati, °te, [Br.] &c.; rodhati, [MBh.] pf. rurodha, rurudhe, [RV.] &c. &c.; rurundhatuḥ, [MBh.]; aor. araut, [AV.]; arautsīt, [Br.] &c.; rotsīs, [Up.]; arutsi, aruddha, [Br.]; [Up.]; arautsi, [AitBr.]; arodham, [RV.]; arudhma, [MaitrS.]; p. rudhát cf. √ 1. ; arudhat, [RV.] &c. &c.; Prec. rudhyāt, [Kāv.]; fut. roddhā Gr.; rotsyati, °te, [Br.] &c. inf. roddhum or rodhitum, [MBh.]; roddhos, [Br.]; ind.p. ruddhvā, [MBh.] &c.; -rúdhya, [RV.] &c. &c.; -rundhya, [MBh.]; -rúdham, [AV.]; [Br.]; -rúndham, [Br.]; -rodham, [ib.]), to obstruct, check, arrest, stop, restrain, prevent, keep back, withhold, [RV.] (always with na), &c. &c.; to avert, keep off, repel, [Bhaṭṭ.] (cf. rudhat under √ 1. ); to shut, lock up, confine in (loc.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (accord. to [Vop.] also with double acc.); to besiege, blockade, invest, [Pat.]; [MBh.] &c.; to close, block up (a path), [R.]; to cover, conceal, veil, obscure, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to stop up, fill, [ib.]; to lay (dust), [Ragh.]; to touch, move (the heart), [Bālar.]; to torment, harass, [R.]; to lose, be deprived of (acc.), [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; to tear, rend asunder (?), [AV. xix, 29, 3] : Caus. rodhayati (ep. also °te and rundhayati ; aor. arūrudhat; Pass. rodhyate), to stop, arrest, [MBh.]; to cause to be confined by (acc.), [Pañcar.]; to cause to be besieged by (instr.), [Ragh.]; to close (with a cover or lid), [Bhpr.]; to fetter, enchain, influence, [BhP.]; to oppress, torment, harass, [MBh.]; [R.] : Desid. rorutsate ([Br.]), °ti ([MBh.]), to wish to obstruct &c.: Intens. rorudhyate, roroddhi, to obstruct intensely or repeatedly &c. Gr. (only rorudhaḥ, [MBh.])
(ifc.) impeding, holding (see kara-r°).
prob. a root of this form once existed with a meaning ‘to be red’.
cl. 1. Ā. ([Dhātup. xviii, 5]) rocate (Ved. and ep. also °ti; pf. ruroca, rurucé, [RV.] &c. &c.; Subj. rurucanta Pot. rurucyās, [RV.]; p. rurukvás, rurucāná, [ib.]; aor. arucat, [Rājat.]; arociṣṭa, [Br.] &c.; arukta, [TĀr.]; p. rucāná, [RV.]; aor. Pass. aroci, [RV.]; Prec. rucīya, [TĀr.]; rociṣīya, [Br.]; ruciṣīya, [AV.]; fut. rocitā Gr.; rociṣyate, [MBh.]; inf. rocitum, [ib.]; rucé, [RV.]; ind.p. rucitvā or rocitvā, [Pāṇ. i, 2, 26]), to shine, be bright or radiant or resplendent, [RV.] &c. &c.; (only in pf. P.) to make bright or resplendent, [RV.]; to be splendid or beautiful or good, [AV.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to be agreeable to, please (dat. or gen.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to be pleased with, like (acc.), [MBh.]; [R.]; to be desirous of, long for (dat.), [Hariv.] : Caus. rocáyati, °te (aor. árūrucat, °cata; Pass. rocyate), to cause to shine, [RV.]; to enlighten, illuminate, make bright, [ib.]; [ŚBr.]; [BhP.]; to make pleasant or beautiful, [AV.]; [AitBr.]; [Kum.] ; to cause any one (acc.) to long for anything (dat.), [Gīt.]; to find pleasure in, like, approve, deem anything right (acc. or inf.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to choose as (double acc.), [R.]; to purpose, intend, [Hariv.]; (Pass.) to be pleasant or agreeable to (dat.), [R.] : Desid. ruruciṣate or rurociṣate Gr.: Intens. (only p. rórucāna) to shine bright, [RV.]
(cf., √ rudh) cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup.]; [N. xx, 29]) róhati (mc. also °te and ruhati, °te; Ved. and ep. impf. or aor. aruhat; Pot. ruheyam, -ruhethās, -ruhemahi; Impv. ruha, p. rúhāṇa; pf. ruroha, ruruhúḥ, [RV.] &c. &c.; ruruhe, [BhP.]; aor. árukṣat, [RV.]; [AV.] &c.; fut. roḍhā Gr.; rokṣyáti, °te, [Br.] &c.; rohiṣye, [MBh.]; inf. roḍhum, [Br.] &c.; rohitum, [MBh.]; róhiṣyai, [TS.]; ind.p. rūḍhvā́, [AV.], -rúhya, [ib.] &c.; -rūhya, [AitBr.]; -rúham, [RV.]; -róham, [Br.]), to ascend, mount, climb, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; [ŚrS.]; to reach to, attain (a desire), [ŚBr.]; to rise, spring up, grow, develop, increase, prosper, thrive, [RV.] &c. &c. (with na, ‘to be useless or in vain’, [MBh.]); to grow together or over, cicatrize, heal (as a wound), [AV.]; [Kathās.]; [Suśr.] &c.: Caus. roháyati or (later) ropayati, °te (aor. arūruhat or arūrupat Gr.; Pass. ropyate, [MBh.] aor. aropi, [Kāv.]), to cause to ascend, raise up, elevate, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Rājat.]; to place in or on, fix in, fasten to, direct towards (with acc. or loc.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.]; [Kathās.]; to transfer to, commit, entrust, [Ragh.] (cf. ropita); to put in the ground, plant, sow, [MBh.]; [R.]; [VarBṛS.]; to lay out (a garden), [MBh.]; to cause to grow, increase, [Rājat.]; to cause to grow over or heal, [AV.]; [Kathās.]; [Suśr.] : Desid. rúrukṣati See ā-√ ruh: Intens. roruhyate, roroḍhi Gr.
rúh f. rising, growth, sprout, shoot, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.]
(ifc.) shooting, sprouting, growing, produced in or on (cf. ambho-, avani-, kṣiti-r° &c.)
(cf. √ lup) cl. 4. P. ([Dhātup. xxvi, 125]) rúpyati (pf. ruropa aor. arupat &c. Gr.), to suffer violent or racking pain (in the abdomen), [TBr.]; [Kāṭh.]; to violate, confound, disturb, [Dhātup.] : Caus. ropayati (aor. arūrupat), to cause acute or violent pain, [AV.]; to break off, [TBr.]
[cf. Lat. rumpere; Angl.Sax. reófan; Germ. roubôn, rauben; Eng. reave.]
(cf. √ ruṭh and luṭ) cl. 1. Ā. roṭate, to strike against, [Dhātup. xviii, 7]; to shine, [ib.]; cl. 10. P. roṭayati to be angry, [xxxii, 131] (v.l.); to speak or to shine (bhāṣārthe, or bhāsārthe), [xxxiii, 110].
liking, taste, relish, pleasure, appetite, zest, [AV.] &c. &c. (ifc. taking pleasure in, desirous of, longing for; with loc., prati inf. or comp.; ruciṃ-√ dā or rucaye-√ bhū, to please; rucim ā-√ vah, with dat., to excite a desire for; rucyā or sva-rucyā, at pleasure, at will)
a kind of coitus, [L.]
a kind of pigment (= rocanā), [L.]
N. of an Apsaras, [MBh.]
of the wife of Devaśarman, [ib.]
rúci m. N. of a Prajā-pati (the husband of Ākūti and father of Yajña or Su-yajña and of Manu Raucya), [Pur.]
rudrá mfn. (prob.) crying, howling, roaring, dreadful, terrific, terrible, horrible (applied to the Aśvins, Agni, Indra, Mitra, Varuṇa, and the spáśaḥ), [RV.]; [AV.] (accord. to others ‘red, shining, glittering’, fr. a √ rud or rudh connected with rudhira; others ‘strong, having or bestowing strength or power’, fr. a √ rud = vṛd, vṛdh; native authorities give also the following meanings, ‘driving away evil’; ‘running about and roaring’, fr. ru + dra = 2. dru; ‘praiseworthy, to be praised’; ‘a praiser, worshipper’ = stotṛ, [Naigh. iii, 16])
rudrá m. ‘Roarer or Howler’, N. of the god of tempests and father and ruler of the Rudras and Maruts (in the Veda he is closely connected with Indra and still more with Agni, the god of fire, which, as a destroying agent, rages and crackles like the roaring storm, and also with Kāla or Time the all-consumer, with whom he is afterwards identified; though generally represented as a destroying deity, whose terrible shafts bring death or disease on men and cattle, he has also the epithet śiva, ‘benevolent’ or ‘auspicious’, and is even supposed to possess healing powers from his chasing away vapours and purifying the atmosphere; in the later mythology the word śiva, which does not occur as a name in the Veda, was employed, first as an euphemistic epithet and then as a real name for Rudra, who lost his special connection with storms and developed into a form of the disintegrating and reintegrating principle; while a new class of beings, described as eleven [or thirty-three] in number, though still called Rudras, took the place of the original Rudras or Maruts: in [VP. i, 7], Rudra is said to have sprung from Brahmā's forehead, and to have afterwards separated himself into a figure half male and half female, the former portion separating again into the 11 Rudras, hence these later Rudras are sometimes regarded as inferior manifestations of Śiva, and most of their names, which are variously given in the different Purāṇas, are also names of Śiva ; those of the [VāyuP.] are Ajaikapād, Ahir-budhnya, Hara, Nirṛta, Īśvara, Bhuvana, Aṅgāraka, Ardha-ketu, Mṛtyu, Sarpa, Kapālin; accord. to others the Rudras are represented as children of Kaśyapa and Surabhi or of Brahmā and Surabhi or of Bhūta and Su-rūpā; accord. to [VP. i, 8], Rudra is one of the 8 forms of Śiva; elsewhere he is reckoned among the Dik-pālas as regent of the north-east quarter), [RV.] &c. &c. (cf. [RTL. 75] &c.)
N. of the number ‘eleven’ (from the 11 Rudras), [VarBṛS.]
the eleventh, [Cat.]
(in astrol.) N. of the first Muhūrta
(in music) of a kind of stringed instrument (cf. rudrī and rudra-vīṇā)
of the letter e, [Up.]
of various men, [Kathās.]; [Rājat.]
of various teachers and authors (also with ācārya, kavi, bhaṭṭa, śarman, sūri &c.), [Cat.]
of a king, [Buddh.]
du. (incorrect acc. to, [Vām. v, 2, 1]) Rudra and Rudrāṇī (cf. also bhavā-r° and somā-rudra)
pl. the Rudras or sons of Rudra (sometimes identified with or distinguished from the Maruts who are 11 or 33 in number), [RV.] &c. &c.
an abbreviated N. for the texts or hymns addressed to Rudra, [GṛŚrS.]; [Gaut.]; [Vas.] (cf. rudra-japa)
rúśamā (ā), f. N. of a woman (said to have contended with Indra as to which of the two would run fastest round the earth, and to have won by the artifice of only going round Kuru-kṣetra), [PañcavBr.]
ruci—tā, f. ([Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.) or ruci—tva, n. ([R.]) the having a taste or liking or desire for, taking pleasure in (ifc.; e.g. ārambha-ruci-tā, ‘fondness or taste for new enterprises’; cf. -samāna-r°, hiṃsā-ruci-tva; adharma-ruci-tā, [MBh. xiii, 5628] [w.r. adharme r°]).
(ā), f. a kind of metre, [W.] (prob. w.r. for rucirā)