(as prep., mostly in earlier language, with abl., rarely with dat. or gen.) before
securely from
except, beside
(with pres. = fut. [cf. [Pāṇ. iii, 3, 4]], once with Pot.) ere, before (sometimes with na or na and yāvat [followed by tāvat], with mā or yadi, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.)
(ā), f. a stronghold, fortress (cf. agni-purā and aśma-p°)
n. (for 1. See p. 634, col. 2) (ifc. f(A). ) a fortress, castle, city, town (a place containing large buildings surrounded by a ditch and extending not less than one Kos in length ; if it extends for half that distance it is called a kheṭa, if less than that, a karvaṭa or small market town; any smaller cluster of houses is called a grāma or village, [W.]), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.
the female apartments, gynaeceum, [MBh.] (cf. antaḥ-p°, nārī-p° &c.)
a house, abode, residence, receptacle, [BhP.]; [Tattvas.]
an upper story, [L.]
a brothel, [L.]
‘the city’ Gk. κατ᾽ ἐξοχήν i.e. Pāṭali-putra or Patnā, [L.]
= tri-pura, the 3 strongholds of the Asuras, [Kathās.]
the body (cf. 3. pur), [BhP.]
the skin, [L.]
a species of Cyperus, [L.]
N. of a constellation, [Var.]
a leaf rolled into the shape of a funnel, [L.] (prob. w.r. for puṭa)
N. of the subdivisions of the Vedānta wk. tripurī or tripuṭī (perhaps also w.r. for puṭa), [Cat.]
mf(A)n. a kind of resin, bdellium, [Suśr.]; [L.]
m. N. of an Asura = tri-pura (cf. pura-jit), of another man, g. kurv-ādi
purú mf(pUrvI/)n. (√ pṝ) much, many, abundant (only purū or , °rū́ṇi, °rūṇām and sev. cases of f. pūrvī; in later language only ibc.), [RV.] &c. &c. (°rú, ind. much, often, very [also with a compar. or superl.]; with simā, everywhere; with tirás, far off, from afar; purārú, far and wide; purú víśva, one and all, every, [RV.])
purú m. the pollen of a flower, [L.]
heaven, paradise, [L.]
(cf. pūru) N. of a prince (the son of Yayāti and Śarmiṣṭhā and sixth monarch of the lunar race), [MBh.]; [Śak.]
purāṇá mf(I or A)n. belonging to ancient or olden times, ancient, old (also = withered, worn out, opp. to nūtana, nava), [RV.] &c. &c.
purāṇá m. a Karṣa or measure of silver (= 16 Paṇas of cowries), [Mn. viii, 136] (also n., [L.])
purāṇá m. N. of a Ṛṣi, [Kāṭh.]
purāṇá m. pl. the ancients, [MW.]
purāṇá n. a thing or event of the past, an ancient tale or legend, old traditional history, [AV.] &c. &c.
N. of a class of sacred works (supposed to have been compiled by the poet Vyāsa and to treat of 5 topics [cf. pañca-lakṣaṇa]; the chief Purāṇas are 18, grouped in 3 divisions: viz. 1. Rājasa exalting Brahmā [e.g. the Brahma, Brahmāṇḍa, Brahmavaivarta, Mārkaṇḍeya, Bhaviṣya, Vāmana]; 2. Sāttvika exalting Viṣṇu [e.g. the Viṣṇu, Bhāgavata, Nāradīya, Garuḍa, Padma, Varāha]; 3. Tāmasa exalting Śiva [e.g. the Śiva, Liṅga, Skanda, Agni or in place of it the Vāyu, Matsya, Kūrma]; by some the P° are divided into 4, and by others into 6 groups; cf. [IW. 509] &c.)
N. of wk. (containing an index of the contents of a number of P° and some other works.)
(esp.) crumbling or loose earth, rubbish (perhaps ‘that which fills up’, as opp. to that which flows off, ‘the solid’ opp. to the fluid), rubble, anything used to fill up interstices in a wall, [VS.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; [GṛŚrS.]
puro—√ dhā P. Ā. -dadhāti, -dhatte, (Ā.) to place before or at the head, to appoint (esp. to priestly functions), charge, commission, [RV.] &c. &c.; to propose (as a prize), [RV. v, 86, 5]; (P.) to place foremost, value highly, esteem, honour, be intent upon or zealous for, take to heart, [RV.]; &c.
puro—dhā f. charge, commission, (esp.) the rank and office of a Purohita, [TS.]; [AV.]; [Br.]
púruṣa m. (mc. also pū́r°; prob. fr. √ pṝ and connected with puru, pūru ifc. f(A). , rarely f(I). ; cf. [Pāṇ. iv, 1, 24]) a man, male, human being (pl. people, mankind), [RV.] &c. &c.
a person, (pumān puruṣaḥ, a male person, [ŚāṅkhGṛ.]; [Mn.]; daṇḍaḥp°, punishment personified, [Mn.]; esp. grammatical pers.; with prathama, madhyama, uttama = the 3rd, 2nd, 1st pers. [Nir.]; [Pāṇ.]), an officer, functionary, attendant, servant, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (cf. tat-p°)
a friend, [L.]
a follower of the Sāṃkhya philosophy (?), [L.]
a member or representative of a race or generation, [TS.]; [Br.]; [Mn.] &c.
the height or measure of a man (= 5 Aratnis = 120 Aṅgulas), [ŚBr.]; [Śulbas.]; [Var.]
the pupil of the eye, [ŚBr.]
(also with nārāyaṇa) the primaeval man as the soul and original source of the universe (described in the Puruṣa-sūkta q.v.), [RV.]; [ŚBr.] &c.
the personal and animating principle in men and other beings, the soul or spirit, [AV.] &c. &c.
the Supreme Being or Soul of the universe (sometimes with para, parama, or uttama; also identified with Brahmā, Viṣṇu, Śiva and Durgā), [VS.]; [ŚBr.] &c. &c.
(in Sāṃkhya) the Spirit as passive and a spectator of the Prakṛti or creative force, [IW. 82] &c.
the ‘spirit’ or fragrant exhalation of plants, [RV. x, 51, 8]
(with sapta) N. of the divine or active principles from the minute portions of which the universe was formed, [Mn. i, 19]
N. of a Pāda in the Mahā-nāmnī verses, [Lāṭy.]
of the 1st, 3rd, 5th, 7th, 9th and 11th signs of the zodiac, [Jyot.]
of a son of Manu Cākṣuṣa, [BhP.]
of one of the 18 attendants of the sun, [L.]
pl. men, people (cf. above)
N. of the Brāhmans of Krauñca-dvīpa, [BhP.]
(with pañca) N. of 5 princely personages or miraculous persons born under partic. constellations, [Var.]
Rottleria Tinctoria, [L.]
Clerodendrum Phlomoides, [L.]
púruṣa m or n. = puruṣaka m. n., [Śiś. v, 56], Sch.
púraṃdhi mfn. (etym. much contested; prob. fr. acc. of 1. or 3. pur and √ dhā, ‘bearing fulness’ or ‘bearing a body’) prolific, not barren (lit. and fig.), bountiful, munificent, liberal, [RV.]; [VS.]; [TS.]
f. a woman, wife, [RV. i, 116, 7]; [13]; [117, 19] &c.
liberality, munificence, kindness (shown by gods to man, e.g. [RV. i, 5, 3]; [158, 2] &c.; or by man to gods in offering oblations, e.g. [i, 123, 6]; [134, 3] &c.; also personified as goddess of abundance and liberality, e.g. [vii, 36, 8] &c.)
puras—√ kṛ (P. Ā. -karoti, -kurute), to place before or in front, cause to precede, [RV.] &c. &c.; to make one's leader, place in office, appoint, [MBh.]; to respect, honour, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to place above all, prefer, choose, attend to, [ib.]; to show, display, [R.]; [Rājat.]
puro—ḍāś (or -ḻā́ś, nom. -ḻā́s), m. a mass of ground rice rounded into a kind of cake (usually divided into pieces, placed on receptacles ; cf. kapāla) and offered as an oblation in fire, [RV.] &c. &c.
puro—ḍāś (or -ḻā́ś, nom. -ḻā́s), m. a mass of ground rice rounded into a kind of cake (usually divided into pieces, placed on receptacles ; cf. kapāla) and offered as an oblation in fire, [RV.] &c. &c.
puro—rúc mfn. shining in front or in the east, [RV.]
puro—rúc f. N. of partic. Nivid formularies recited at the morning oblation in the Ājya ceremony before the principal hymn or any part of it, [TS.]; [Br.]