api अपि ápi or sometimes pi (see pi-dṛbh, pi-dhā, pi-nah), expresses placing near or over, uniting to, annexing, reaching to, proximity, &c. [cf. Gk. ἐπί; Zend api; Germ. and Eng. prefix be] in later Sanskṛt its place seems frequently supplied by abhi. (As a separable adv.) and, also, moreover, besides, assuredly, surely suppose that, perhaps, [Jātakam.] api api or api-ca, as well as na vāpi or na apivā or na nacāpi, neither, nor, cāpi, (and at the beginning of a sentence) api-ca, moreover. is often used to express emphasis, in the sense of even, also, very e.g. anyad api, also another, something more adyāpi, this very day, even now tathāpi, even thus, notwithstanding yady api, even if, although yadyapi tathāpi, although, nevertheless na kadācid api, never at any time: sometimes in the sense of but, only, at least, e.g. muhūrtam api, only a moment. may be affixed to an interrogative to make it indefinite, e.g. ko 'pi, any one kutrāpi, anywhere. imparts to numerals the notion of totality, e.g. caturṇām api varṇānām, of all the four castes. may be interrogative at the beginning of a sentence. may strengthen the original force of the Potential, or may soften the Imperative, like the English ‘be pleased to’; sometimes it is a mere expletive. api tu but, but yet. (api-api), as well-as, ib. apit अपित् a-pít mfn. (√ pi), not swelling, dry, [RV. vii, 82, 3.] a-pit mfn. (in Gr.) not having the it or Anu-bandha p, [Pāṇ.] apibhū अपिभू api-√ bhū to be in, [AV.]; to have part in, [RV.]; [AitBr.] apidhā अपिधा api-√ dhā Ved. to place upon or into, put to, give; chiefly Ved. to shut, close, cover, conceal (in later texts more usually pi-√ dhā, q.v.) apidhi अपिधि api-dhí m. ‘that which is placed upon the fire’, a gift to Agni, [RV. i, 127, 7.] apiśṝ अपिशॄ api-√ śṝ P. to break off, [AV.]; Ā. id., [ŚBr.] : Pass. -śīryate, to break, [PBr.] apido अपिदो api-√ do (1. sg. -dyāmi) to cut off, [AV. iv, 37, 3.] apigā अपिगा api-√ 1. gā Ved. to enter, get into, mingle with, [RV. vii, 21, 5], &c. apija अपिज api-já m. born after or in addition to (N. of Prajāpati and other divinities), [VS.] apikṛ अपिकृ api-√ 1. kṛ to bring into order, arrange, prepare, [TS.]; [TBr.]; [PBr.] apinī अपिनी api-√ nī to lead towards or to, bring to a state or condition, [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] apisṛ अपिसृ api-√ sṛ to flow upon, [ŚBr.]; [TBr.] apitṛ अपितृ á-pitṛ tā, m. not a father, [ŚBr. xiv.] apivṛ अपिवृ api-√ 1. vṛ (perf. Ā. -vavre) to conceal, [RV. iii, 38, 8.] apidhāv अपिधाव् api-√ dhāv to run into, [Vait.] apidham अपिधम् api-√ dham to blow upon, [Kauś.] apighas अपिघस् api-√ ghas to eat off or away (perf. 3. pl. -jakṣuḥ), [ŚBr.]; (aor. Ā. 3. sg. -gdha [fr. gh-s-ta], which by, [Sāy.] is derived fr. √ han), [RV. i, 158, 5.] apiṇḍa अपिण्ड a-piṇḍa mfn. without funeral balls. apiśas अपिशस् api-śás f. (only used in abl. -śásas) slitting, ripping up, [MaitrS.]; [AitBr.] apidah अपिदह् api-√ dah -dahati (impf. -adahat) to touch with fire, to singe, [TS.]; [Kāṭh.] apigam अपिगम् api-√ gam Ved. to go into, enter, approach, join, [aor. Subj. 3. pl. ápigman, [RV. v, 33, 10]] [RV.] &c.; to approach a woman, [RV. i, 179, 1.] apihan अपिहन् api-√ han (3. pl. ghnanti) to remove or suppress (pregnancy, sū́tum), [TS.] apihnu अपिह्नु api-√ hnu (3. du. ápi hnutaḥ) to refuse, [RV. viii, 31, 7.] apihve अपिह्वे api-√ hve (1. sg. Ā. -huve) to call addition to (or besides), [RV. x, 19, 4.] apikṛt अपिकृत् api-√ 2. kṛt (1. sg. -kṛntāmi fut. 1. sg. -kartsyāmi) to cut off, [VS.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.] apikṣai अपिक्षै api-√ kṣai Caus. -kṣāpayati, to consume by fire, [AV. xii, 5, 44] and [51.] apimṛṣ अपिमृष् api-√ mṛṣ Ā. -mriṣyate (1. sg. -mṛṣye; aor. Subj. 2. sg. -mṛṣṭhās) to forget, neglect, [RV.] apinah अपिनह् api-√ nah to tie on, fasten (usually pi-√ nah, q.v.); to tie up, close, stop up (Ved.; later on pi-√ nah, q.v.) apipath अपिपथ् api-√ path Caus. -pāthayati, to lead upon a path (acc.), [KauṣBr.]; [ŚāṅkhŚr.] apipad अपिपद् api-√ pad to go in, enter, [ŚBr.] apipṛc अपिपृच् api-√ pṛc (aor. 3. sg. aprāg ápi) to mix with (loc.), [AV. x, 4, 26]; (-pṛñcanti, [AV. v, 2, 3], according to [BR.] a mistake for -vṛñjanti.) apiruh अपिरुह् api-√ ruh ápi-rohati, to grow together, grow whole again, [TS.] apisṛj अपिसृज् api-√ sṛj P. to place to or upon, [TS.]; [ŚBr.] : P. and Ā. to add to, mingle to, [Lāṭy.] apisic अपिसिच् api-√ sic to sprinkle with, [L.] apitva अपित्व api-tvá n. having part, share, [AV.]; [ŚBr.] (cf. apa-pitvá.) apivap अपिवप् api-√ 2. vap (1. sg. -vapāmi) to scatter upon, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [TBr.] apivat अपिवत् ápi-vat mf(vatI)n. See api-√ vat. api-√ vat (Opt. cl. 1. pl. -vatema; pr. p. -vátat) to understand, comprehend, [RV. vii, 3, 10]; [60, 6] : Caus. (Imper. 2. sg. -vātaya; pr.p. -vātáyat; aor. 3. pl. -avīvatan, [RV. x, 13, 5]) to cause to understand, make intelligible to (with or without dat.), [RV.]; (1. pl. -vātayāmasi) to excite, awaken, [RV. i, 128, 2.] apivṛj अपिवृज् api-√ vṛj (3. pl. -vṛñjanti; aor. 3. pl. avṛjann ápi, [RV. x, 48, 3]) ‘to turn to’, procure to, bestow upon (dat. or loc.), [RV.] apivṛt अपिवृत् api-√ vṛt Caus. (impf. 2. sg. -avartayas) to throw into (acc.), [RV. i, 121, 13.] apivye अपिव्ये api-√ vye (1. pl. P. -vyayūmasi) to cover, [AV. i, 27, 1.] apiyāc अपियाच् api-√ yāc Caus. -yācáyate, to despise, refuse (?), [AV. xii, 4, 38.] apiyat अपियत् api-yát mfn. entering the other world, dying, [RV. i, 162, 20] dissolving, disappearing, [BhP.] apiṣṭhā अपिष्ठा api-ṣṭhā (√ sthā) to stand (too) near, stand in any one's way, [AV. iii, 13, 4] and [v, 13, 5.] apibhāga अपिभाग ápi-bhāga mfn. having part in, sharing in [ŚBr.] apidhānī अपिधानी api-dhā́nī f. a cover, [Āp.] (cf. pi-dhāna.) apidhāna अपिधान api-dhā́na n. placing upon covering, [KātyŚr.] a cover, a cloth for covering, [RV.] &c. a lid, [BhP.] a bar, [Kum.] apiśala अपिशल m. N. of a man the descendants of Apiśala. See āpiśali. apiśuna अपिशुन a-piśuna mfn. unmalicious, upright, honest. apibandh अपिबन्ध् api-√ bandh Ā. to fasten upon, put on (a wreath), [ĀśvGṛ.] apigrah अपिग्रह् api-√ grah (with or without mukham, nāsike, &c.), to close (the mouth, nose, &c.), [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.]; [ChUp.] apiguṇa अपिगुण api-guṇa mfn. excellent, [MBh. xii, 2677.] apihita अपिहित ápi-hita mfn. put to, placed into, [RV.] shut, covered, concealed, [RV.] &c. (cf. pi-hita) ápi-hita &c. See api-√ dha. apihiti अपिहिति ápi-hiti f. a bar, [MaitrS.]; [PBr.] apināma अपिनाम api-nāma (in the beginning of a phrase), perhaps, in all probability, I wish that, [Mṛcch.]; [Śāk.] &c. apinetṛ अपिनेतृ api-netṛ́ tā, m. one who leads towards (gen.), [ŚBr.] apipāsa अपिपास a-pipāsá mfn. free from thirst or desire, [ŚBr. xiv]; [ChUp.] apitṛka अपितृक a-pitṛka mfn. not ancestral or paternal, uninherited fatherless, [Āp.] apitrya अपित्र्य a-pitrya mfn. not inherited, not ancestral or paternal, [Mn. ix, 205.] apitvin अपित्विन् api-tvín mfn. having part, sharing, [ŚBr.] apivāpa अपिवाप api-vāpá m. ‘scattering upon’, N. of particular Puroḍāśa, [TBr.] apivatī अपिवती ápi-vatī (scil. vāc) f. of a conjecturable adj. ápivatya, intelligible, [TBr.] [‘containing the word api or what is meant by api’, Comm. & [BR.]] apiśīrṇa अपिशीर्ण ápi-śīrṇa mfn. broken, [AV. iv, 3, 6.] apibaddha अपिबद्ध api-baddha mfn. fastened, [R. iii, 68, 42.] apicchila अपिच्छिल a-picchila mfn. clear, free from sediment or soil. apigīrṇa अपिगीर्ण api-gīrṇa mfn. praised, [L.] apigṛhya अपिगृह्य api-gṛ́hya ind.p. closing the mouth, [TS.] api-gṛhya [Ved. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 118]] or api-grāhya [ib. Comm.], am, n. impers. (with abl.) the mouth to be closed before (a bad smell, &c.) apikakṣa अपिकक्ष api-kakṣá m. the region of the arm-pits and shoulder-blades (especially in animals), [RV. iv, 40, 4]; [x, 134, 7]; [Lāṭy.] N. of a man and m. pl. his descendants. apikarṇa अपिकर्ण api-karṇá n. the region of the ears, [RV. vi, 48, 16.] apinaddha अपिनद्ध ápi-naddha mfn. closed, concealed, [RV. x, 68, 8]; [ŚBr.] (cf. pi-naddha.) apipakṣa अपिपक्ष api-pakṣá m. the region or direction to the side, [TS.] apiprāṇa अपिप्राण api-prā́ṇa mf(I)n. uttered or produced with every breath, [RV. i, 186, 11.] apiripta अपिरिप्त ápi-ripta mfn. (√ rip), ‘smeared over’ i.e. grown blind, [RV. i, 118, 7]; [viii, 5, 23.] apivraśc अपिव्रश्च् api-√ vraśc (perf. Imper. 2. du. -vavṛktam, [RV. vi, 62, 10]) to strike off, cut off, [RV.]; [AV.] apivrata अपिव्रत ápi-vrata mfn. sharing in the same religious acts, related by blood, [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.] apiṣṭhita अपिष्ठित api-ṣṭhitá mfn. approached, [RV. i, 145, 4.] apiṣṭuta अपिष्टुत api-ṣṭuta mfn. (√ stu), praised, [L.] apidraṣṭṛ अपिद्रष्टृ api—draṣṭṛ m. a superintendent, [ŚāṅkhŚr.], Sch. apigrāhya अपिग्राह्य 2. api-gṛhya [Ved. [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 118]] or api-grāhya [ib. Comm.], am, n. impers. (with abl.) the mouth to be closed before (a bad smell, &c.) apikakṣya अपिकक्ष्य api-kakṣyà (5) mfn. connected with the region of the arm-pits, [RV. i, 117, 22.] apimantra अपिमन्त्र api-mantra mfn. giving an explanation or an account of [Kāṭh.] apidhānavat अपिधानवत् api-dhā́na—vat (apidhā́na-) mfn. ‘having a cover’, concealed, [RV. v, 29, 12.] apiśarvara अपिशर्वर api-śarvara mfn. ‘contiguous to the night’, being at the beginning or end of the night, [AitBr.] api-śarvará (ám), n. the time early in the morning, [RV.] apiśācadhīta अपिशाचधीत a-piśācadhīta mfn. (prob. right reading) not drunk or sucked by Piśācas, [Hir. i, 25, 1]. apinaddhākṣa अपिनद्धाक्ष api—naddhākṣá mfn. one who has the eyes covered, hoodwinked, [MaitrS.] apisomapītha अपिसोमपीथ api—somapītha mfn. partaking of Soma drink, [ŚāṅkhBr.] apisaṃgṛbhāya अपिसंगृभाय api-saṃ-gṛbhāya Nom. P. (Imper. 2. sg. -gṛbhāya) to assume, [RV. x, 44, 4.] apitṛdevatya अपितृदेवत्य á-pitṛ—devatya (á-pitṛ-) mfn. not having the Manes as deities, [ŚBr.] apivānyavatsā अपिवान्यवत्सा apivānya-vatsā = abhivānyā, q.v., [Kauś.] abhi-vānyā̀ [[TBr.]] or abhivānya-vatsā [[AitBr.]] (or apivānya-vatsā [[Kauś.]]), f. cow who suckles an adopted calf (cf. also ni-vānyā̀, &c.)