ind. or (excluded, like the Lat. ve, from the first place in a sentence, and generally immediately following, rarely and only m.c. preceding, the word to which it refers), [RV.] &c. &c. (often used in disjunctive sentences; vā-vā, ‘either’ — ‘or’, ‘on the one side’ — ‘on the other’; na vā — or na — , ‘neither’ — ‘nor’; vā na-vā, ‘either not’ — ‘or’; yadi vā-vā, ‘whether’ — ‘or’; in a sentence containing more than two members is nearly always repeated, although if a negative is in the first clause it need not be so repeated; is sometimes interchangeable with ca and api, and is frequently combined with other particles, esp. with atha, atho, uta, kim, yad, yadi, q.v. [e.g. atha vā, ‘or else’]; it is also sometimes used as an expletive)
either-or not, optionally, [KātyŚr.]; [Mn.] &c. (in gram. is used in a rule to denote its being optional, e.g. [Pāṇ. i, 2, 13]; [35] &c.)
as, like (= iva), [PārGṛ.]; [MBh.] &c.
just, even, indeed, very (= eva, laying stress on the preceding word), [KātyŚr.]; [Kāv.]
but even if, even supposing (followed by a future), [Pañc. v, 36/37]
however, nevertheless, [Bādar.]; [Bālar.]
(after a rel. or interr.) possibly, perhaps, I dare say, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. (e.g. kiṃ vā śakuntalety asya mātur ākhyā, ‘is his mother's name perhaps Śakuntalā?’, [Śak. vii, 20/21]; ko vā or ke vā followed by a negative may in such cases be translated by ‘every one, all’ e.g. ke vā na syuḥ paribhava-padaṃ niṣphalāram-bha-yatnāḥ, ‘everybody whose efforts are fruitless is an object of contempt’, [Megh. 55]).
cl. 2. P. ([Dhātup. xxiv, 42]) vā́ti (pf. vavau, [Br.]; [MBh.] &c.; aor. avāsīt, [Br.]; fut. vāsyati, [Megh.]; inf. vātum, [Hariv.]), to blow (as the wind), [RV.] &c. &c.; to procure or bestow anything (acc.) by blowing, [RV. i, 89, 4]; to blow towards or upon (acc.), [MBh. xii, 2798]; to emit an odour, be diffused (as perfume), [ŚBr.]; to smell (trans.), [Vikr. iv, 41] (v.l.); to hurt, injure, [Vop.] : Caus. vāpayati, see nir-√ vā and cf. vājaya: Desid. vivāsati See √ 1. van.
cl. 4. Ā. ([Dhātup. xxvi, 54]) vāśyate (ep. also vāśyati, Ved. and ep. also vā́śati, °te; pf. vavāśe, °śire; in [RV.] also vāvaśre and p. vāvaśāná; aor. avāśiṣṭa, [Br.]; fut. vāśitā, vāśiṣyate Gr.; inf. vāśitum, [ib.]; ind.p. vāśitvā, -vāśya, [VarBṛS.]), to roar, howl, bellow, bleat, low (as a cow), cry, shriek, sing (like a bird), sound, resound, [RV.] &c. &c.: Caus. vāśayati (aor. avavāśat, in [RV.] also avīvaśat, ávīvaśanta), to cause to roar or low or resound or thunder, [RV.]; (Ā.) to roar or sound aloud, [ib.] : Desid. vivāśiṣate Gr.: Intens. vāvāśyate (v.l. rārāśyate, [MBh.]), vāvaṣṭi (impf. aor. ávāvaśanta, vāvaśanta, avāvaśītām; p. vā́vaśat), to roar or scream or sound aloud, [RV.] [ is sometimes wrongly written vās.]
vā́c f. (fr. √ vac) speech, voice, talk, language (also of animals), sound (also of inanimate objects as of the stones used for pressing, of a drum &c.), [RV.] &c. &c. (vācam-√ ṛ, īr, or iṣ, to raise the voice, utter a sound, cry, call)
a word, saying, phrase, sentence, statement, asseveration, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (vācaṃ-√ vad, to speak words; vācaṃ vyā-√ hṛ, to utter words; vācaṃ-√ dā with dat., to address words to; vācā satyaṃ-√ kṛ, to promise verbally in marriage, plight troth)
Speech personified (in various manners or forms, e.g. as Vāc Āmbhṛṇī in [RV. x, 125]; as the voice of the middle sphere in [Naigh.] & [Nir.]; in the Veda she is also represented as created by Prajā-pati and married to him; in other places she is called the mother of the Vedas and wife of Indra; in [VP.] she is the daughter of Dakṣa and wife of Kaśyapa; but most frequently she is identified with Bhāratī or Sarasvatī, the goddess of speech; vācaḥ sāma and vāco vratam N. of Sāmans, [ĀrṣBr.]; vācaḥ stomaḥ, a partic. Ekāha, [ŚrS.])
cl. 1. Ā. ([Dhātup. xvi, 44]) vāhate, to bear down, [Car.] (cf. pra-√ vāh); to endeavour, make effort, try, [Dhātup.] : Caus. vāhayati (cf. under √ vah), to cause to labour or work, use, employ, [Bhaṭṭ.]
(nom. vāṭ; strong form of vah, p. 933, col. 3), bearing, carrying.
(encl.) acc. dat. gen. du. of 2nd pers. pron. (cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 20]; [24] &c.), [RV.] &c. &c. (the accented vā́m in [RV. vi, 55, 1] is thought to be = āvām nom. du. of 1st pers. pron.)
n. (said to be fr. √ 1. vṛ) water, [RV.] &c. &c. (n. pl. once in [BhP.] vāras, as if m. or f.; vārāṃ nidhiḥ, ‘receptacle of waters’, the ocean, [Prab.])
stagnant water, a pond, [RV. iv, 19, 4]; [viii, 98, 8]; [ix, 112, 4]
m. (?) a protector, defender, [i, 132, 3]; [x, 93, 3].
[cf., accord. to some, Gk. οὖρον, οὐρέω; Lat. urina, urinari.]
vā́ṇī f. sound, voice, music (pl. a choir of musicians or singers), [RV.] (the sapta vāṇīs are referred by the Comms. to the seven metres or to the seven notes of the gamut &c.)
speech, language, words, diction, (esp.) eloquent speech or fine diction, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
a literary production or composition, [Uttarar.]; [Bhām.]
praise, laudation, [MW.]
the goddess of speech, Sarasvatī, [R.]; [BrahmaP.]
N. of a metre consisting only of long syllables, [Kāvyād.], Sch.
of a river (accord. to some the Sarasvatī), [VP.]
f. (cf. vāṇi) weaving, [L.]
f. reed, [RV. v, 86, 1]
du. the two bars of a car or carriage, [ib.] [i, 119, 5.]
vā́śī f. (also written vāsī; accord. to some connected with √ vraśc) a sharp or pointed knife or a kind of axe, adze, chisel (esp. as the weapon of Agni or the Maruts, and the instrument of the Ṛbhus, while the paraśu or axe is that of Tvaṣṭṛ), [RV.]; [AV.]; [MBh.]
(cf. √ van) cl. 1. P. ([Dhātup. vii, 28]) vāñchati (occurring only in forms from the present stem, and in pr. p. Pass. vāñchyamāna [[Kathās.]]; but accord. to Gr. also pf. vavāñcha; aor. avāñchīt; fut. vāñchita, vañchiṣyati &c.), to desire, wish, ask for, strive after, pursue, [RV.] &c. &c.; to state, assert, assume, [VarBṛS.] : Caus. -vāñchayati (see abhi-√ vāñch), [MBh.]
m. (for 2. and 3. See col. 2) the act of vomiting g. jvalādi
vāmá mf(I/ or A)n. (fr. √ 1. van; for 1. See col. 1) lovely, dear, pleasant, agreeable, fair, beautiful, splendid, noble, [RV.] &c. &c.
(ifc.) striving after, eager for, intent upon, fond of [Kāv.]; [Kathās.]; [Rājat.]
vāmá m. the female breast, [L.]
the god of love, [L.]
N. of Śiva, [BhP.]
of a Rudra, [ib.]
of Varuṇa, [L.]
(with Śaivas) = vāma-deva-guhya, [Sarvad.]
of a son of Ṛcīka, [MBh.] (B. rāma)
of a son of Kṛṣṇa and Bhadrā, [BhP.]
of a prince (son of Dharma), [Cat.]
of a son of Bhaṭṭa-nārāyaṇa, [Kṣitīś.] (cf. -deva)
of one of the Moon's horses, [VP.]
vāmá m. or n. a kind of pot-herb, Chenopodium Album, [L.]
vāmá n. a lovely thing, any dear or desirable good (as gold, horses &c.), wealth, fortune, [RV.]; [AV.]; [Br.]; [ChUp.]
vāmá mfn. relating to a mare, [Pat.] (cf. under ī f. above).
vā́ma mf(A)n. (perhaps originally identical with 2. above) left, not right, being or situated on the left side, [ŚBr.] &c. &c. (the quivering of the left eye or arm is supposed to be a good omen in women and of the left arm a bad omen in men)
f. any pond (made by scattering or damming up earth), a large oblong pond, an oblong reservoir of water, tank, pool, lake, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (cf. krīḍā-v°)
vā́ra m. (earlier form of vāla, q.v.) the hair of any animal's tail (esp. of a horse's tail, = οὐρά), [RV.]
vā́ra m. n. sg. and pl. a hair-sieve, [ib.]
m. (fr. √ 1. vṛ) keeping back, restraining (also mfn. ifc. = difficult to be restrained, [TBr.]; cf. dur-v°)
anything which covers or surrounds or restrains, a cover, [MW.]
anything which causes an obstruction, a gate, door-way, [W.]
anything enclosed or circumscribed in space or time, esp. an appointed place (e.g. sva-vāraṃ samā-√ sthā, to occupy one's proper place), [R.]
the time fixed or appointed for anything (accord. to some fr. √ 2. vṛ, to choose), a person's turn, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. (often, esp. with numerals, = times, e.g. varāṃs trīn or vara-trayam, three times; bhūribhir vāraiḥ or bhūri-vārān or bahu-vāram or vāraṃ vāram or vāraṃ vāreṇa, many times, often, repeatedly)
the turn of a day (under the regency of a planet), a day of the week (they are Āditya-, Soma-, Maṅgala-, Budha-, Guru-, Śukra-, and Śani-vāra; cf. [IW. 178 n. 1]), [Gaṇit.]; [Yājñ.], Sch.; [Kāv.] &c. (cf. dina and divasa-v°)
a moment, occasion, opportunity, [W.]
a multitude, quantity (see bāṇa-v°)
an arrow, [L.]
Achyranthes Aspera, [L.]
N. of Śiva, [L.]
n. a vessel for holding spirituous liquor, [L.]
a partic. artificial poison, [L.]
vā́ra m. (fr. √ 2. vṛ) choice (see vāre-vṛta)
anything chosen or choice or exquisite, goods, treasure, [RV.] (often ifc.; cf. aśasta-, ṛdhad-, dāti-v° &c.)
vā́vá ind. (a particle laying stress on the word preceding it, esp. in relative clauses; also ha vā́vá, ha [khálu] vā́vá, u ha vāva, ha tvā́vá [q.v.]) just, indeed, even, [TS.]; [Br.] (in [ŚBr.] only from book vi), [Up.]; [BhP.]
vāyú m. (fr. √ 2. vā) wind, air (as one of the 5 elements; in [MBh.] 7 winds are reckoned), [RV.] &c. &c.
the god of the wind (often associated with Indra in the Ṛg-veda, as Vāta [q.v.] with Parjanya, but although of equal rank with Indra, not occupying so prominent a position; in the Puruṣasūkta he is said to have sprung form the breath of Puruṣa, and elsewhere is described as the son-in-law of Tvaṣṭṛ; be is said to move in a shining car drawn by a pair of red or purple horses or by several teams consisting of ninety-nine or a hundred or even a thousand horses [cf. ni-yút]; he is often made to occupy the same chariot with Indra, and in conjunction with him honoured with the first draught of the Soma libation; he is rarely connected with the Maruts, although in [i, 134, 4], he is said to have begotten them from the rivers of heaven; he is regent of the Nakṣatra Svāti and north-west quarter See loka-pāla), [ib.]
breathing, breath, [VPrāt.]; [ĪśUp.]
the wind of the body, a vital air (of which 5 are reckoned, viz. prāṇa, apāna, samāna, udāna, and vyāna; or nāga, kūrma, kṛkara, devadatta, and dhanaṃ-jaya), [Hariv.]; [Sāṃkhyak.]; [Vedāntas.]
(in medicine) the windy humour or any morbid affection of it, [Suśr.]
the wind as a kind of demon producing madness, [Kād.]; [Vcar.] (cf. -grasta)
(bāḍham or ), ind. assuredly, certainly, indeed, really, by all means, so be it, yes (generally used as a particle of consent, affirmation or confirmation), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
f. (ifc. f(A). ) wish, desire, longing for (acc. with prati loc. or gen.; vāñchāṃ-√ kṛ with loc., ‘to desire or long for’), [Kāv.]; [Kathās.]; [Rājat.] &c.
mfn. to be spoken or said or told or announced or communicated or stated or named or predicated or enumerated or spoken of [Up.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. (n. impers. it is to be spoken or said &c.)
to be addressed or spoken to about anything (acc. or nom. with iti), [Mn.]; [Hariv.]; [Kāv.] &c.
to be directed that (with yathā), [MBh.]
to be told about (= still untold), [KātyŚr.]
to be expressed or designated or meant expressly by (gen. or comp.), [ChUp.]; [Śaṃk.]; [Sāh.] &c.
to be spoken against, blamable, censurable by (gen. or instr.), [Mn.]; [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
used as a substantive, [Vop.]
(vācyá), belonging to the voice &c., [VS.]
vācyá m. metron. of the Ṛṣi Prajā-pati, [RV.]
n. what may be said against any one or anything, blame, censure, reproach, fault (vācyaṃ-√ gam, to undergo blame), [MBh.]; [Kāv.]
that of which anything is predicated, a substantive, [Vop.]
a predicate, [W.]
the voice of a verb (e.g. kartari-v°, the active voice; karmaṇi-v°, the passive voice), [ib.]
mfn. saying, discoursing, speaking, talking, speaking or talking about (often ifc. or sometimes with acc. of object), declaring, proclaiming, denoting, designating (or sometimes = designated as, addressed by a title &c.), [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.
producing sounds, [ŚāṅkhŚr.]
m. a speaker, asserter, (ifc.) the teacher or propounder, or adherent of any doctrine or theory, [MaitrUp.]; [Śaṃk.]; [Sarvad.]
a disputant, [MBh.]; [Hariv.] &c.
a plaintiff, accuser, prosecutor (du. plaintiff and defendant), [Yājñ.]; [Nār.]
an alchemist, [Kālac.]
m. a player on any musical instrument, musician (see f.), the leading or key-note, [W.]