(cf. √ ṛdh and radh) cl. 5. 4. P. ([Dhātup. xvii, 16]; [xxvi, 71]) rādhnóti, rādhyati (Ved. also pr. rādhati and rā́dhyate; pf. rarā́dha, [RV.] &c. &c. [2. sg. rarādhitha or redhita, cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 123]]; aor., arātsīt, rādhiṣi, [AV.]; [Br.]; Prec. rādhyāsam, [ib.]; fut. rāddhā Gr.; rātsyati, [AV.]; [Br.]; ind.p. rāddhvā́, -rādhya, [Br.]), to succeed (said of things), be accomplished or finished, [VS.]; [TS.]; [AV.]; to succeed (said of persons), be successful with (instr.), thrive, prosper, [RV.]; [TS.]; [Br.]; [GṛŚrS.]; to be ready for, submit to (dat.), [AV.]; to be fit for, partake of, attain to (dat. or loc.), [Āpast.]; [TUp.]; (rādhyati) to prophesy to (dat.), [Pāṇ. i, 4, 39], [Kāś.]; to accomplish, perform, achieve, make ready, prepare, carry out, [RV.]; [VS.]; [Br.]; to hit, get at (acc.), [TS.]; to propitiate, conciliate, gratify, [RV.]; [AitBr.]; to hurt, injure, destroy, exterminate, [Bhaṭṭ.] (cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 123]) : Pass. rādhyate (aor. árādhi), to be conciliated or satisfied, [RV.] (cf. rādhyate above) : Caus. rādháyati (aor. arīradhat, [Br.]; Pass. rādhyate, [MBh.]), to accomplish, perform, prepare, make ready, [AV.] &c. &c.; to make favourable, propitiate, satisfy, [TS.]; [TBr.] : Desid. of Caus. rirādhayiṣati, [Br.] : Desid. rirātsati or -ritsati, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 54], Vārtt. 1, [Pat.] : Intens. rārādhyate, rārāddhi Gr.
(prob. originally two roots; cf. √ raj, √ rañj, √ ṛñj) cl. 1. P. Ā. ([Dhātup. xix, 74]) rā́jati, °te (Ved. also rāṣṭi, rāṭ; pf. rarāja; rarāje or reje, 2. sg. P. rarājitha or rejitha, [MBh.] &c.; aor. arājiṣuḥ, [RV.]; arājiṣṭa Gr.; fut. rājitā, rājiṣyati, [ib.]; inf. rājáse, [RV.]), to reign, be king or chief, rule over (gen.), direct, govern (acc.), [RV.] &c. &c.; to be illustrious or resplendent, shine, glitter, [ib.]; to appear as or like (iva), [Kum. vi, 49] : Caus. rājayati, °te (aor. ararājat), to reign, rule, [AV.]; [MBh.]; to illuminate, make radiant (cf. rājita) : Desid. rirājiṣati, °te Gr.: Intens. rārājyate, rārāṣṭi, [ib.][For cognate words See under rājan.]
mfn. (ifc.) shining, radiant &c.
rā́j (rā́j), m. (nom. rā́ṭ) a king, sovereign, chief (in later language only ifc.), [RV.] &c. &c.
anything the best or chief of its kind (cf. śaṅkha-r°)
N. of an Ekāha, [ŚrS.]
a kind of metre, [RPrāt.]
f. N. of a goddess (explained by rājamānā), [TBr.]
(also du.) N. of the 21st Nakṣatra Viśākhā (containing 4 stars in the form of a curve supposed to be α, ι, ν Librae, and γ Scorpionis, cf. nakṣatra), [L.]
lightning, [L.]
a partic. attitude in shooting (standing with the feet a span apart; cf. -bhedhin, -vedhin), [Pracaṇḍ.]
Emblic Myrobolan, [L.]
Clitoria Ternatea, [L.]
N. of the foster-mother of Karṇa (q.v.; she was the wife of Adhiratha, who was Sūta or charioteer of king Śūra), [MBh.] (cf. [IW. 377])
of a celebrated cowherdess or Gopī (beloved by Kṛṣṇa, and a principal personage in Jaya-deva's poem Gītagovinda; at a later period worshipped as a goddess, and occasionally regarded as an Avatāra of Lakṣmī, as Kṛṣṇa is of Viṣṇu; also identified with Dākṣāyaṇī), [Gīt.]; [Pañcat.] &c. (cf. [IW. 332])
rāśí m. ([L.] also f.; once m.c. in [R.] f(I). ; derivation doubtful, but cf. [Uṇ. iv, 32]) a heap, mass, pile, group, multitude, quantity, number, [RV.] &c. &c.
(in arithm.) a sum or the figure or figures put down for an operation (such as multiplying, dividing &c.), [Col.]
a measure of quantity (= droṇa), [ŚārṅgS.]
a sign of the zodiac (as being a certain sum or quantity of degrees), one-twelfth part of the ecliptic, an astrological house, [MBh.]; [VarBṛS.] &c. (cf. [IW. 178])
any feeling or passion, (esp.) love, affection or sympathy for, vehement desire of, interest or joy or delight in (loc. or comp.), [Up.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.
loveliness, beauty (esp. of voice or song), [Śak.]; [Pañcat.]
a musical note, harmony, melody (in the later system a partic. musical mode or order of sound or formula; Bharata enumerates 6, viz. bhairava, kauśika, hindola, dīpaka, śrī-rāga, and megha, each mode exciting some affection; other writers give other names; sometimes 7 or 26 Rāgas are mentioned; they are personified, and each of the 6 chief Rāgas is wedded to 5 or 6 consorts called Rāgiṇīs; their union gives rise to many other musical modes), [Bhar.]; [Saṃgīt.]; [Rājat.]; [Pañcat.] &c.
nasalization, [RPrāt.]
a partic. process in the preparation of quicksilver, [Sarvad.]
rāhú m. (fr. √ rabh; cf. graha and √ grah) ‘the Seizer’, N. of a Daitya or demon who is supposed to seize the sun and moon and thus cause eclipses (he is fabled as a son of Vipra-citti and Siṃhikā and as having a dragon's tail; when the gods had churned the ocean for the Amṛta or nectar of immortality, he disguised himself like one of them and drank a portion; but the Sun and Moon revealed the fraud to Viṣṇu, who cut off Rāhu's head, which thereupon became fixed in the stellar sphere, and having become immortal through drinking the Amṛta, has ever since wreaked its vengeance on the Sun and Moon by occasionally swallowing them; while at the same time the tail of the demon became Ketu [q.v.] and gave birth to a numerous progeny of comets and fiery meteors; in astron. Rāhu is variously regarded as a dragon's head, as the ascending node of the moon [or point where the moon intersects the ecliptic in passing northwards], as one of the planets [cf. graha], and as the regent of the south-west quarter [[Laghuj.]] ; among Buddhists many demons are called Rāhu), [AV.] &c. &c.
an eclipse or (rather) the moment of the beginning of an occultation or obscuration, [VarBṛS.]
rākā́ f. ([Uṇ. iii, 40]) the goddess presiding over the actual day of full moon (or regarded as the Full Moon's consort; Anumati is supposed to preside over the previous day), [Jyot.] (cf. [IW. 158])
the day of full moon, full moon, [RV.] &c. &c.
N. of a daughter of Aṅgiras and Smṛti, [Pur.]
of a daughter of Aṅgiras and Śraddhā, [ib.]
of the wife of Dhātṛ and mother of Prātṛ, [ib.]
of a Rākṣasī (the mother of Khara and Śūrpa-ṇakhā), [MBh.]
mf(A/)n. (prob. ‘causing rest’, and in most meanings fr. √ ram) dark, dark-coloured, black (cf. rātri), [AV.]; [TĀr.] (rāmaḥ śakuniḥ. a black bird, crow, [KāṭhGṛ.]; [Viṣṇ.])
N. of various mythical personages (in Veda two Rāmas are mentioned with the patr. Mārgaveya and Aupatasvini; another R°s with the patr. Jāmadagnya [cf. below] is the supposed author of [RV. x, 110]; in later times three R°s are celebrated, viz. 1. Paraśu-rāma [q.v.], who forms the 6th Avatāra of Viṣṇu and is sometimes called Jāmadagnya, as son of the sage Jamad-agni by Reṇukā, and sometimes Bhārgava, as descended from Bhṛgu; 2. Rāma-candra [see below]; 3. Bala-rāma [q.v.], ‘the strong Rāma’, also called Halāyudha and regarded as elder brother of Kṛṣṇa [[RTL. 112]] accord. to Jainas a Rāma is enumerated among the 9 white Balas; and in [VP.] a R°s is mentioned among the 7 Ṛṣis of the 8th Manv-antara), [RV.] &c. &c. N. of a king of Malla-pura, [Cat.]
of a king of Śṛṅga-vera and patron of Nāgeśa, [ib.]
of various authors and teachers (also with ācārya, upādhyāya, kavi, cakra-vartin, jyotir-vid, jyautiṣaka, tarka-vāg-īśa, dīkṣita, daiva-jña, paṇḍita, bhaṭṭa, bhaṭṭācārya, vājapeyin, śarman, śāstrin, saṃyamin, sūri &c.), [Cat.]
N. of the number ‘three’ (on account of the 3 Rāmas), [Hcat.] (rāmasya iṣuḥ, a kind of cane = rāmakaṇḍa, [L.])
rātí mfn. ready or willing to give, generous, favourable, gracious, [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [Br.]
rātí f. a favour, grace, gift, oblation, [RV.] &c. &c. (in [RV.] also ‘the Giver’ conceived of as a deity and associated with Bhaga; indrasya rātī v.l. °tiḥ N. of a Sāman, [ĀrṣBr.])
mf(iRI)n. (fr. √ rañj, and rāga) coloured, having a partic. colour (applied to a kind of Amaurosis or blindness when it affects the second membrane of the eye, as opp. to a-rāgin, which affects the first), [Suśr.]
colouring, dyeing, [L.]
red, of a red colour, [Pañcat.]; [Kathās.]
impassioned, affectionate, enamoured, passionately fond of or attached to or hankering after (loc. or comp.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
m. (ifc. mostly m(-rAja) , esp. in Tat-puruṣas; f(-rAjan, °jA or °jYI). ; cf. [Pāṇ. iv, 1, 28], Sch.) a king, sovereign, prince, chief (often applied to gods, e.g. to Varuṇa and the other Ādityas, to Indra, Yama &c., but esp. to Soma [also the plant and juice] and the Moon), [RV.] &c. &c.
a man of the royal tribe or the military caste, a Kṣatriya, [ĀśvŚr.]; [ChUp.]; [Mn.] &c. (cf. rājanya)
a Yakṣa, [L.]
N. of one of the 18 attendants on Sūrya (identified with a form of Guha), [L.]
of Yudhiṣṭhira, [MBh.] (rājñām indra-mahotsavaḥ and rājñām pratibodhaḥ, N. of wks.); ; (rā́jñī) f. See s.v.
[cf. Lat. rex; Kelt. rîg, fr. which Old Germ. rîk; Goth. reiks; Angl.-Sax. rîce; Eng. rich.]
rājyá n. (also rā́jya or rājyā) royalty, kingship, sovereignty, empire (‘over’ loc. or comp.; ‘of’ gen. or comp.; acc. with √ kṛ or Caus. of √ kṛ or with upa-√ ās or vi-√ dhā, to exercise government, rule, govern), [AV.] &c. &c.
rā́trau ind., at night, by night; rātrau śayanam, a festival on the 11th day of the first half of the month Āṣāḍha, regarded as the night of the gods, beginning with the summer solstice, when Viṣṇu reposes for four months on the serpent Śeṣa
rā́tri f(i or I). or (older) rā́trī (prob. ‘bestower’, fr. √ rā; or ‘season of rest’, fr. √ ram) night, the darkness or stillness of night (often personified), [RV.] &c. &c. (°trau ind. or °tryām ind. at night, by night; rātrau śayanam, a festival on the 11th day of the first half of the month Āṣāḍha, regarded as the night of the gods, beginning with the summer solstice, when Viṣṇu reposes for four months on the serpent Śeṣa)
= ati-rātra, [ŚBr.]
= rātri-paryāya, [ib.]
= rātri-sāman, [Lāṭy.]
(only ) one of the 4 bodies of Brahmā, [VP.]
= haridrā, turmeric, [MBh.]; [Suśr.]
(with the patr. bhāradvājī) N. of the authoress of [RV. x, 127]; [Anukr.]