prathama प्रथम prathamá mf(A/)n. (for pra-tama, superl. of 1. pra; rarely declined as a pron., e.g. °másyāḥ, [AV. vi, 18, 1]; °me, [PañcavBr. xxv, 18, 5]; [R. iv, 37, 11]; [Kir. ii, 44]; cf. [Pāṇ. i, 1, 33]) foremost, first (in time or in a series or in rank) earliest, primary, original, prior, former preceding, initial, chief, principal, most excellent, [RV.] &c. &c. often translatable adverbially = ibc. (cf. below) and (am ind.) firstly, at first, for the first time just, newly, at once, forthwith (also āt, [Hariv.]) formerly, previously (am also as prep. with gen. = before, e.g. [Mn. ii, 194]; prathamam-anantaram or paścāt, first—afterwards; prathamam-tatas, first—next) prathamá m. (in gram., scil. varṇa), the first consonant of a Varga, a surd unaspirated letter (scil. puruṣa), the first (= our 3rd) person or its terminations (scil. svara), the first tone in math. the sum of the products divided by the difference between the squares of the cosine of the azimuth and the sine of the amplitude prathamam प्रथमम् prathamám (ám), ind. prathamajā प्रथमजा prathama—já or prathama—jā́, mfn. firstborn, a firstling; original, primary, [RV.] &c. &c.; (-ja), being the issue of the first (i.e. first-mentioned) marriage, [Yājñ.] prathamaja प्रथमज prathama—já or prathama—jā́, mfn. firstborn, a firstling; original, primary, [RV.] &c. &c.; (-ja), being the issue of the first (i.e. first-mentioned) marriage, [Yājñ.] prathamaka प्रथमक mfn. first, foremost, [Śrutab.] prathamabhāj प्रथमभाज् prathama—bhā́j mfn. one to whom the first share is due, [RV.] prathamaśrī प्रथमश्री prathama—śrī mfn. one who has just become rich or fortunate, [Mṛcch.] prathamatas प्रथमतस् prathama—tas ind. first, at first, firstly, [Lāṭy.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c. forthwith, immediately, [Hariv.] before, in preference to (with gen.), [Caurap.] (ifc.) before, sooner than, [ŚārṅgP.] prathamadhāra प्रथमधार prathama—dhāra m. a first drop, [Kauś.] prathamacchad प्रथमच्छद् prathama—cchád mfn. typical, figurative, [RV.] (accord. to [Sāy.] = prathamam ācchādayitṛ, covering first). prathamajāta प्रथमजात prathama—jāta mfn. firstborn, [AitBr.]; [Gobh.] prathamasoma प्रथमसोम prathama—soma m. the first oblation of Soma prathamabhāvin प्रथमभाविन् prathama—bhāvin mfn. becoming or being like the first, [RPrāt.] prathamabhakṣa प्रथमभक्ष prathama—bhakṣá m. ([ŚBr.]) the first enjoyment of (gen.), [ŚBr.] prathamadugdha प्रथमदुग्ध prathama—dugdhá mfn. just milked, [ŚBr.] prathamagarbhā प्रथमगर्भा prathama—gárbhā f. pregnant for the first time, [ŚBr.] prathamagarbha प्रथमगर्भ prathama—garbha m. first pregnancy, first litter, [GṛS.]; [VS.]; [Mahīdh.] prathamakalpa प्रथमकल्प prathama—kalpa m. a primary or principal rule, [Mn.] prathamapluta प्रथमप्लुत prathama—pluta mfn. leapt off first, [ĀpŚr.] prathamarātra प्रथमरात्र prathama—rātrá m. the beginning of night, [Br.]; [Car.] prathamasthāna प्रथमस्थान prathama—sthāna n. the first or lowest scale (in pronunciation, low but audible), [KātyŚr.] prathamasvara प्रथमस्वर prathama—svara m. the first sound, [SaṃhUp.] prathama—svara mfn. supplied with the first sound, [Lāṭy.] prathama—svara n. N. of a Sāman, [ĀrṣBr.] prathamataram प्रथमतरम् prathama—taram ind. first of all, [Divyāv.] prathamavāsya प्रथमवास्य prathama—vāsyà mfn. worn formerly (as a garment), [AV.] prathamavayas प्रथमवयस् prathama—vayas n. earliest age, youth, [Vcar.] prathamavittā प्रथमवित्ता prathama—vittā f. a first wife, [KātyŚr.] prathamayajña प्रथमयज्ञ prathama—yajñá m. the first sacrifice, [Br.]; [ĀśvŚr.] prathamaśravas प्रथमश्रवस् prathamá—śravas (°má-śr°; superl. -śravastama), mfn. having a distinguished reputation, [RV.] prathamadivasa प्रथमदिवस prathama—divasa m. a first day, principal day, [MW.] prathamagrantha प्रथमग्रन्थ prathama—grantha m. N. of a poem by Jagaj-jīvana-dāsa. prathamakathita प्रथमकथित prathama—kathita mfn. aforesaid, before-mentioned, [Megh.] prathamakusuma प्रथमकुसुम prathama—kusuma m. or n. (?) white marjoram, [L.] prathamapuruṣa प्रथमपुरुष prathama—puruṣa m. the first (= our 3rd) person in the verb or its terminations, [L.] (see above) N. of an author, [Cat.] prathamasāhasa प्रथमसाहस prathama—sāhasa m. the first or lowest degree of punishment or fine, [MW.] prathamasomatā प्रथमसोमता prathama—soma—tā f., [KātyŚr.] Comm. prathamasukṛta प्रथमसुकृत prathama—su-kṛta n. a former service or kindness, [ib.] prathamavasati प्रथमवसति prathama—vasati f. the original home, [Vcar.] prathamaviraha प्रथमविरह prathama—viraha m. first separation prathamavirahe प्रथमविरहे prathama—virahe ind. immediately after separation, [MW.] prathamayauvana प्रथमयौवन prathama—yauvana n. early youth, [Var.] prathamabhakṣaṇa प्रथमभक्षण prathama—bhakṣaṇa n. ([ĀpŚr.] Comm.) the first enjoyment of (gen.), [ŚBr.] prathamadarśana प्रथमदर्शन prathama—darśana n. first sight prathamadarśane प्रथमदर्शने prathama—darśane ind. at first sight, [MW.] prathamakalpika प्रथमकल्पिक prathama—kalpika m. a term applied to a Yogī just commencing his course (cf. prāthama-k°), [Yogas.] Comm. prathamakalpita प्रथमकल्पित prathama—kalpita mfn. placed first, first in rank or importance, [Mn.]; [MBh.] prathamamaṅgala प्रथममङ्गल prathama—maṅgala mfn. highly auspicious, [MW.] prathamamañjarī प्रथममञ्जरी prathama—mañjarī f. a partic. Rāga, [Saṃgīt.] (cf. paṭha-m°). prathamaprasūtā प्रथमप्रसूता prathama—prasūtā f. (a cow) that has calved for the first time, [Hcat.] prathamapravada प्रथमप्रवद prathama—pravada mfn. uttering the first sound (as a child), [Kauś.] prathamasaṃgama प्रथमसंगम prathama—saṃgama m. N. of a man, [Kathās.] prathamavayasin प्रथमवयसिन् prathama—vayasín mfn. young, [ŚBr.] prathamanirdiṣṭa प्रथमनिर्दिष्ट prathama—nirdiṣṭa mfn. first mentioned, first named prathamavṛttānta प्रथमवृत्तान्त prathama—vṛttānta m. former circumstances, earlier history, [Śak.] prathamaparāpātin प्रथमपरापातिन् prathama—parāpātin mfn. flying off first, [ĀpŚr.] prathamasamāvṛtta प्रथमसमावृत्त prathama—samāvṛtta mfn. just turned towards (loc.), [Nir.] prathamavaṣaṭkāra प्रथमवषट्कार prathama—vaṣaṭ-kārá m. making the first exclamation Vaṣaṭ over (gen.), [ib.] prathamanirdiṣṭatā प्रथमनिर्दिष्टता prathama—nirdiṣṭa—tā f., [Hcat.] prathamaparigṛhīta प्रथमपरिगृहीत prathama—parigṛhīta mfn. formerly married, [Śak.] prathamatrisauparṇa प्रथमत्रिसौपर्ण prathama—trisauparṇa m. N. of Viṣṇu, [MBh.] prathamavaiyākaraṇa प्रथमवैयाकरण prathama—vaiyākaraṇa m. a beginner in grammar, [Pāṇ. vi, 2, 56], Sch. a distinguished or first-rate grammarian, [ib.] prathamadarśanadina प्रथमदर्शनदिन prathama—darśana—dina n. the first day of seeing any one (gen.), [Hit.] prathamacittotpādika प्रथमचित्तोत्पादिक prathama—cittotpādika mfn. one who first thinks (of doing anything), [Kāraṇḍ.]