Vṛddhi or lengthened form of 1. pra in comp. (cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 3, 122]). Observe in the following derivatives, only the second member of the simple compound from which they come is given in the parentheses, leaving the preposition pra (lengthened to in the derivatives) to be supplied.
ind. ([Lāṭy.]; [KātyŚr.]) before (in place or in order or time; as prep. with abl. [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 11]; [12]], rarely with gen.; also in comp. with its subst. [Pāṇ.]; [ib.]), [ŚrS.]; [Up.]; [MBh.] &c.
√ (pra- aś) P. prāśnoti (aor. prānaṭ), to reach, attain, [RV.]; to fall to the lot or share of (acc.), [ib.] : Caus. prāśāpayati, to cause to reach or attain, [MānGṛ.]
√ (pra- aś) P. prāśnāti (rarely Ā. °nīte), to eat, consume, devour, taste, enjoy, [RV.] &c. &c.: Caus. prāśayati, to cause to eat, feed, [ĀśvGṛ.]; [Mn.]; [Kathās.]
prā́ś m. (√ prach) asking, inquiring, a questioner, [Yājñ., Sch.] (cf. śabda-pr° and [Uṇ. ii, 57])
prā́ś f. (?) statement or assertion in a debate or lawsuit, [AV. ii, 27, 1]; [5] (cf. prati-prāś).
(pra-√ ah), only pf. prāha, to announce, declare, utter, express, say, tell (with dat. or acc. of pers. and acc. of thing), [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to record, hand down by tradition, [ŚBr.]; (with 2 acc.) to call, name, regard or consider as, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.
prā́k ind. ([Lāṭy.]; [KātyŚr.]) before (in place or in order or time; as prep. with abl. [cf. [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 11]; [12]], rarely with gen.; also in comp. with its subst. [Pāṇ.]; [ib.]), [ŚrS.]; [Up.]; [MBh.] &c.
in the east, to the east of (abl.), [RV.]; [Lāṭy.]
before the eyes, [Hit. i, 76]
at first, formerly, previously, already, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.
(with eva), a short while ago, recently, just, [Śak.]
still more so, how much more (= kim-uta), [Buddh.]
above, in the former part (of a book), [Mn.]; [Pāṇ.]
first, in the first place, above all, [Kathās.]; [MārkP.]
from now, henceforth, [Var.]
up to, as far as (with abl.; esp. in gram., e.g. prāk kaḍārāt, up to the word kaḍāra, [Pāṇ. ii, 1, 3])
(pra-√ āp) P. Ā. prāpnoti (irreg. Pot. prāpeyam), to attain to; reach, arrive at, meet with, find, [AV.] &c. &c.; to obtain, receive (also as a husband or wife), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to incur (a fine), [Mn. viii, 225]; to suffer (capital punishment), [ib.] [364]; (with diśaḥ) to flee in all directions, [Bhaṭṭ.]; to extend, stretch, reach to (Ā.), [Pāṇ. v, 2, 8]; to be present or at hand, [AV.]; (in gram.) to pass or be changed into (acc.), [Siddh.] : to result (from a rule), be in force, obtain (also Pass.), [Kāś.] : Caus. prāpayati, °te (ind.p. prāpayya, or prāpya, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 57], Sch.), to cause to reach or attain (2 acc.), advance, promote, further (P. [ChUp.]; [MBh.] &c.; Ā. [TBr.]; [MBh.]); to lead or bring to (dat.), [VP.]; to impart, communicate, announce, relate, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; to meet with, obtain, [R.] : Desid. prepsati, to try to attain, strive to reach, [ŚBr.]
(pra-√ ṛ) P. preyarti (aor. 3. pl. prāran Ā. prārata; pf. prāruḥ), to set in motion, arouse, [RV. v, 42, 14]; to send or procure to (dat.), [x, 116, 9]; to arise, stir, come forth, appear, [i, 39, 5] &c. : Caus. prārpayati (ind.p. prārpyā), to set in motion, stir up, animate, [RV.]; [VS.]
√ (pra- 1. as) P. prāsti, to be in front of or in an extraordinary degree, excel, preponderate, [RV.]
√ (pra- 2. as) P. prāsyati, to throw or hurl forth, throw into (loc.), cast, discharge (a missile), [RV.] &c. &c.; to upset, [Mn. xi, 176]; (with aṃśam) to cast lots, lay a wager, [TāṇḍBr.]
mfn. (for 2. See p. 705, col. 1.) filled, full, [L.]
prāṇá m. (ifc. f(A). ; for 1. See under √ prā, p. 701) the breath of life, breath, respiration, spirit, vitality
pl. life, [RV.] &c. &c. (prāṇān with √ muc or √ hā or pari-√ tyaj, ‘to resign or quit life’; with √ rakṣ, ‘to save life’; with ni-√ han, ‘to destroy life’; tvam me prāṇaḥ, ‘thou art to me as dear as life’; often ifc.; cf. pati-, māna-pr°)
a vital organ vital air (3 in number, viz. , apāna and vyāna, [AitBr.]; [TUp.]; [Suśr.]; usually 5, viz. the preceding with sam-āna and ud-āna, [ŚBr.]; [MBh.]; [Suśr.] &c. cf. [MWB. 242]; or with the other vital organs 6 [ŚBr.]; or 7 [AV.]; [Br.]; [MuṇḍUp.]; or 9 [AV.]; [TS.]; [Br.]; or 10 [ŚBr.]; pl. the 5 organs of vitality or sensation, viz. , vāc, cakṣus, śrotra, manas, collectively, [ChUp. ii, 7, i]; or = nose, mouth, eyes and ears, [GopBr.]; [ŚrS.]; [Mn. iv, 143])
air inhaled, wind, [AV.]; [ŚBr.]
breath (as a sign of strength), vigour, energy, power, [MBh.]; [R.] &c. (sarvaprāṇena or -prāṇaiḥ, ‘with all one's strength’ or ‘all one's heart’; cf. yathā-prāṇam)
a breath (as a measure of time, or the time requisite for the pronunciation of 10 long syllables = 1/6 Vināḍikā), [Var.]; [Āryabh.]; [VP.]
N. of a Kalpa (the 6th day in the light half of Brahmā's month), [Pur.]
(in Sāṃkhya) the spirit (= puruṣa), [Tattvas.]
(in Vedānta) the spirit identified with the totality of dreaming spirits, [Vedāntas.]; [RTL. 35] (cf. prāṇātman)
poetical inspiration, [W.]
myrrh, [L.]
a N. of the letter y, [Up.]
of a Sāman, [TāṇḍBr.] (vasiṣṭhasya prāṇāpānau, [ĀrṣBr.])
mfn. (fr. pra + 2. añc; nom. prā́ṅ, prā́cī, prā́k; cf. [Pāṇ. vi, 1, 182]) directed forwards or towards, being in front, facing, opposite, [RV.]; [VS.]; [AV.]; [Mn.] (acc. with √ kṛ, to bring, procure, offer, [RV.]; to stretch forth [the fingers] [ib.]; to make straight, prepare or clear [a path] [ib.]; [also with pra-√ tir, or -√ nī] to advance, promote, further, [ib.]; with Caus. of √ kḷp, to face, turn opposite to, [Mn. vii, 189])
(pra-√ arth) Ā. prārthayate (ep. also P. °ti and pr. p. °yāna), to wish or long for, desire (acc.), [KaṭhUp.]; [MBh.] &c.; to ask a person (acc.) for (acc. or loc.) or ask anything (acc.) from (abl.), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.; to wish to or ask a person to (inf.), [ib.]; to demand in marriage, woo, [Ratnāv.]; to look for, search, [Bhaṭṭ.]; to have recourse to (acc.), [Kathās.]; to seize or fall upon, attack, assail, [Ragh.]; [Kir.]
(for 1. See under √ prā), Vṛddhi or lengthened form of 1. prati in comp. In the following derivatives formed with only the second member of the simple compound from which they come is given in the parentheses (leaving the preposition prati, which is lengthened to in the derivatives, to be supplied).
prāyá m. (fr. pra + aya; √ 5. i) going forth, starting (for a battle), [RV. ii, 18, 8]
course, race, [AV. iv, 25, 2]
departure from life, seeking death by fasting (as a religious or penitentiary act, or to enforce compliance with a demand; acc. with √ ās, upa-√ ās, upa-√ viś, upa-√ i, ā-√ sthā, sam-ā-√ sthā, or √ kṛ, to renounce life, sit down and fast to death; with Caus. of √ kṛ, to force any one [acc.] to seek death through starvation), [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c.
anything prominent, chief part, largest portion, plenty, majority, general rule (often ifc., with f(A). = chiefly consisting of or destined for or furnished with, rich or abounding in, frequently practising or applying or using; near, like, resembling; mostly, well-nigh, almost, as it were; cf. ārya-, jita-, jñāti-, tṛṇa-, daṇḍa-, duḥkha-, siddhi-pr° &c.; also -tā f.), [ŚBr.]; [Lāṭy.]; [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.
prācyà or prācyá, mf(A)n. being in front or in the east, living in the east, belonging to the east, eastern, easterly, [AV.]; [RPrāt.], Sch.; [MBh.]; [R.] &c.
preceding (also in a work), prior, ancient, old (opp. to ādhunika), [Bālar.]; [Sāh.]
N. of partic. hymns belonging to the Sāma-veda, [Hariv.]; [BhP.]
prācyá m. N. of a man, [Buddh.]
(pl.) the inhabitants of the east, the eastern country, [Br.]; [KātyŚr.]; [MBh.] &c.
prādúr ind. (prob. fr. prā = pra + dur, ‘out of doors’; prā-dús, g. svar-ādi; °duṣ before k and p, [Pāṇ. viii, 3, 41]; °duḥ ṣyāt, ṣanti for syāt, santi, [87]) forth, to view or light, in sight, [AV.] &c. &c. (with √ as, or bhū, to become manifest, be visible or audible, appear, arise, exist; with √ kṛ, to make visible or manifest, cause to appear, reveal, disclose).
m. n. (pra-anta) (ifc. f(A). ) edge, border, margin, verge, extremity, end, [MBh.]; [Kāv.] &c. (yauvana-pr°, the end of youth, [Pañcat.]; oṣṭha-prāntau, the corners of the mouth, [L.])
m. a point, tip (of a blade of grass), [Kauś.]
back part (of a carriage), [Vikr.] (ibc., finally, eventually, [Kāv.]; [Pañcat.])
prā-vṛ́ṣ f. (fr. pra-√ vṛṣ) the rainy season, wet season, rains (the months Āṣāḍha and Śravaṇa, comprising the first half of the rainy season which lasts in some parts from the middle of June till the middle of October), [RV.] &c. &c. (°ṣi-ja mfn. produced in the rainy seasons, [Śiś.])