cl. 1. P. kárṣati, rarely Ā. °te (perf. cakarṣa, 2. sg. °ṣitha, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 62], [Kāś.]; fut. karkṣyati or krakṣy°; kṛṣiṣy°, [Divyāv. xvii]; karṣṭā or kraṣṭā, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 10], [Kāś.]; aor. akṛkṣat [or akārkṣīt] or akrākṣīt, [iii, 1, 44], Vārtt. 7; inf. kraṣṭum), to draw, draw to one's self, drag, pull, drag away, tear, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.] &c.; to lead or conduct (as an army), [MBh.]; to bend (a bow), [Ragh. v, 50]; to draw into one's power, become master of, overpower, [Mn. ii, 215]; [MBh. iv, 20]; [R.]; [Pañcat.]; to obtain, [Mn. iii, 66]; to take away anything (acc.) from any one (acc.), [Vop. v, 8]; to draw or make furrows, plough, [RV. viii, 22, 6]; [Lāṭy. v, 1, 4]; [Vait.] (Ā.), [R. iii, 4, 12]; [BhP.] (ind.p. kṛṣṭvā) : cl. 6. P. Ā. kṛṣáti, °te (p. kṛṣát), to draw or make furrows, plough, [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.] &c.; Ā. to obtain by ploughing, [AV. xii, 2, 16]; to travel over, [MBh. iii, 16021] : Caus. karṣayati, to draw, drag, [RV. x, 119, 11] (aor. 1. sg. acikṛṣam), [R.]; [Mṛcch.]; to draw or tear out, [MBh. iii, 2307]; to pull to and fro, cause pain, torture, torment, [Mn.]; [MBh.] &c.; ‘to plough’, see karṣita: Intens. (pr. p. and Subj. 3. sg. cárkṛṣat; impf. 3. pl. acarkṛṣur) to plough, [RV.]; [AV.]; carīkṛṣyate or Ved. karīk°, to plough repeatedly, [Pāṇ. vii, 4, 64];
kṛṣí is, f. (exceptionally pl. [VS. iv, 10]; [Subh.]) ploughing, cultivation of the soil, agriculture (one of the Vṛttis of a Vaiśya, [Viṣṇ.]), [RV.]; [VS.] &c.
the cultivation of the soil personified, [ŚBr. xi]
N. of several plants (Piper longum, [L.]; the Indigo plant, [L.]; a grape, [L.]; a Punar-navā with dark blossoms, [L.]; Gmelina arborea, [L.]; Nigella indica, [L.]; Sinapis ramosa, [L.]; Vernonia anthelminthica, [L.]; = kākolī, [L.]; a sort of Sārivā, [L.]), [Suśr.]
a kind of perfume (= parpaṭī), [Bhpr.]
N. of Draupadī, [MBh.]
of Durgā, [MBh. iv, 184]
of one of the seven tongues of fire, [L.], Sch.
of one of the mothers in Skanda's retinue, [MBh. ix, 2640]
of a Yoginī, [Hcat.]
(with or without gaṅgā) N. of the river Kistna, [MBh. xiii, 4888]; [PadmaP.]; [NārP.]
kṛṣṇá mf(A/)n. black, dark, dark-blue (opposed to śvetá, śuklá, róhita, and aruṇá), [RV.]; [AV.] &c.
wicked, evil, [Vop. vii, 82]
kṛṣṇá (as), m. (with or without pakṣa) the dark half of the lunar month from full to new moon, [Mn.]; [Yājñ.]; [Bhag.]; [Suśr.]
the fourth or Kali-yuga, [L.]
(kṛ́ṣṇas), black (the colour) or dark-blue (which is often confounded with black by the Hindūs), [L.]
the antelope, [RV. x, 94, 5]; [VS.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; [BhP.]
a kind of animal feeding on carrion, [AV. xi, 2, 2] (kṛṣṇá)
the Indian cuckoo or Kokila (cf. [R. ii, 52, 2]), [L.]
a crow, [L.]
Carissa Carandas, [L.]
N. of one of the poets of the [RV.] (descended from Aṅgiras), [RV. viii, 85, 3] and [4]; [ŚāṅkhBr. xxx, 9]
(a son of Devakī and pupil of Ghora Āṅgirasa), [ChUp. iii, 17, 6]
N. of a celebrated Avatār of the god Viṣṇu, or sometimes identified with Viṣṇu himself [[MBh. v, 2563]; [xiv, 1589 ff.]; [Hariv. 2359] &c.] as distinct from his ten Avatārs or incarnations (in the earlier legends he appears as a great hero and teacher [[MBh.]; [Bhag.]]; in the more recent he is deified, and is often represented as a young and amorous shepherd with flowing hair and a flute in his hand; the following are a few particulars of his birth and history as related in [Hariv. 3304 ff.] and in the Purāṇas &c.: Vasu-deva, who was a descendant of Yadu and Yayāti, had two wives, Rohiṇī and Devakī; the latter had eight sons of whom the eighth was Kṛṣṇa; Kaṃsa, king of Mathurā and cousin of Devakī, was informed by a prediction that one of these sons would kill him; he therefore kept Vasu-deva and his wife in confinement, and slew their first six children; the seventh was Balarāma who was saved by being abstracted from the womb of Devakī and transferred to that of Rohiṇī; the eighth was Kṛṣṇa who was born with black skin and a peculiar mark on his breast; his father Vasu-deva managed to escape from Mathurā with the child, and favoured by the gods found a herdsman named Nanda whose wife Yaśo-dā had just been delivered of a son which Vasu-deva conveyed to Devakī after substituting his own in its place. Nanda with his wife Yaśo-dā took the infant Kṛṣṇa and settled first in Gokula or Vraja, and afterwards in Vṛndāvana, where Kṛṣṇa and Bala-rāma grew up together, roaming in the woods and joining in the sports of the herdsmen's sons ; Kṛṣṇa as a youth contested the sovereignty of Indra, and was victorious over that god, who descended from heaven to praise Kṛṣṇa, and made him lord over the cattle [[Hariv. 3787 ff.]; [7456 ff.]; [VP.]]; Kṛṣṇa is described as sporting constantly with the Gopīs or shepherdesses [[Hariv. 4078 ff.]; [8301 ff.]; [VP.]; [Gīt.]] of whom a thousand became his wives, though only eight are specified, Rādhā being the favourite [[Hariv. 6694 ff.]; [9177 ff.]; [VP.]]; Kṛṣṇa built and fortified a city called Dvārakā in Gujarāt, and thither transported the inhabitants of Mathurā after killing Kaṃsa; Kṛṣṇa had various wives besides the Gopīs, and by Rukmiṇī had a son Pradyumna who is usually identified with Kāma-deva; with Jains, Kṛṣṇa is one of the nine black Vasu-devas; with Buddhists he is the chief of the black demons, who are the enemies of Buddha and the white demons)
N. of an attendant in Skanda's retinue, [MBh. ix, 2559]
of an Asura, [Hariv. 12936]; [Sāy.] on [RV. i, 101, 1]
of a king of the Nāgas, [MBh. ii, 360]; [Divyāv. ii]
of Arjuna (the most renowned of the Pāṇḍu princes, so named apparently from his colour as a child), [MBh. iv, 1389]
of Vyāsa, [MBh.]; [Hariv. 11089]
of Hārita See -hārita
of a son of Śuka by Pīvarī (teacher of the Yoga), [Hariv. 980 ff.]
of a pupil of Bharad-vāja, [Kathās. vii, 15]
of Havir-dhāna, [Hariv. 83]; [VP.]; [BhP. iv, 24, 8]
of a son of Arjuna, [Hariv. 1892]
of an adopted son of A-samañjas, [2039]
of a chief of the Andhras, [VP.]
of the author of a Comm. on the [MBh.]
of a poet
of the author of a Comm. on the Dayā-bhāga
of the son of Keśavārka and grandson of Jayāditya
of the father of Tāna-bhaṭṭa and uncle of Raṅga-nātha
of the father of Dāmodara and uncle of Malhaṇa
of the father of Prabhūjīka and uncle of Vidyā-dhara
of the father of Madana
of the grammarian Rāma-candra
of the son of Vāruṇendra and father of Lakṣmaṇa
of the father of Hīra-bhaṭṭa (author of the Comm. called Carakabhāṣya, and of the work Sāhitya-sudhā-samudra)
N. of a hell, [VP.]
kṛṣṇá (śs), m. pl. N. of the Śūdras in Śālmala-dvīpa, [VP.]
kṛṣṇá (ám), n. blackness, darkness, [i, 123, 1] and [9]
kṛṣṇá m. the black part of the eye, [ŚBr. x], [xii], [xiii], [xiv]; [Suśr.]
the black spots in the moon, [TBr. i, 2, 1, 2]
a kind of demon or spirit of darkness, [RV. iv, 16, 13]
black pepper, [L.]
black Agallochum, [L.]
iron, [L.]
lead, [L.]
antimony, [L.]
blue vitriol, [L.]
[cf. kā́rṣṇa, &c.; cf. also Russ. černyi, ‘black’.]
Nom. P. °ṣṇati, to behave or act like Kṛṣṇa, [Vop. xxi, 7.]
kṛṣṭí ayas, f. pl. (once only sg. [RV. iv, 42, 1]) men, races of men (sometimes with the epithet mā́nuṣīs [[i, 59, 5] and [vi, 18, 2]] or nā́huṣīs [[vi, 46, 7]] or mānavī́s [[AV. iii, 24, 3]]; cf. carṣaṇí; originally the word may have meant cultivated ground, then an inhabited land, next its inhabitants, and lastly any race of men; Indra and Agni have the N. rā́jā or pátiḥ kṛṣṭīnā́m; the term páñca kṛṣṭáyas, perhaps originally designating the five Āryan tribes of the Yadus, Turvaśas, Druhyus, Anus, and Pūrus, comprehends the whole human race, not only the Āryan tribes), [RV.]; [AV.]
kṛṣṭí (is), f. ploughing, cultivating the soil, [L.]
attracting, drawing, [L.]
‘harvest’, the consequences (karma-k°), [Naiṣ. vi, 100]
kṛṣṭí (is), m. a teacher, learned man or Paṇḍit, [Hariv. 3588]; [SkandaP.]
kṛṣṇála n. rarely [[Yājñ. i, 362]] m. (g. sidhmādi) the black berry of the plant Abrus precatorius used as a weight (the average weight being between one and two grains), [Kāṭh.]; [TBr.]; [Mn.]; [Yājñ.] Comm. on [KātyŚr.] &c.
a coin of the same weight, [Mn.]; [Yājñ.]
a piece of gold of the same weight, [TS.]; [Kauś.]; [Nyāyam.]
m. ‘black mountain’, N. of the mountain Raivata (part of the western portion of the Vindhya chain; also one of the nine principal chains that separate the nine divisions or Varṣas of the known world), [L.]
kṛṣṇājiná n. the skin of the black antelope, [AV.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] &c.
kṛṣṇājiná (as), m. ‘covered with a skin of the black antelope’, N. of a man, and (ās), m. pl. his descendants g. upakādi and tikakitavādi, [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. v, 3, 82] and [vi, 2, 165]