cl. 1. Ā. katthate, cakatthe, katthitā, &c. ([Dhātup. ii, 36]), to boast, [MBh.]; [R.]; [BhP.]; to mention with praise, praise, celebrate, [MBh. iv, 1252]; [xvi]; [R.]; to flatter, coax, [W.]; to abuse, revile, [BhP. viii.]
káti (fr. 2. ka declined in pl. only, [Gram. 227 a]; all the cases except the nom. voc. and acc. taking terminations, whereas the correlative iti has become fixed as an indeclinable adverb), how many? quot? several (e.g. kati devāḥ, how many gods? kati vyāpādayati kati vā tāḍayati, some he kills and some he strikes). In the sense of ‘several’, ‘some’, is generally followed by cid or api (e.g. katicid ahāni, for several or some days)
it may be used as an adverb with cid in the sense of ‘oftentimes’, ‘much’, ‘in many ways’ (e.g. katicit stutaḥ, much or often praised), [RV.] &c.;
[cf. Zd. caiti; Gk. πόστος; Lat. quot; cf. Sk. tati and Lat. tot.]
(for 1. See above) m. N. of a sage (son of Viśvā-mitra and ancestor of Kātyāyana), [Hariv.]
m. Strychnos Potatorum or the clearing nut plant (its seeds rubbed upon the inside of water-jars precipitate the earthy particles in the water, [W.]), [Mn. vi, 67]; [Suśr.]
katamá (as), (ā), (at), mfn. (superlative of 2. ka; declined as a pronom., [Gram. 236]), who or which of many? (e.g. katamena pathā yātās te, by which road have they gone?)
it is often a mere strengthened substitute for ka, the superlative affix imparting emphasis
hence it may occasionally be used for ‘who or which of two?’ (e.g. tayoḥ katamasmai, to which of these two?)
it may optionally be compounded with the word to which it refers (e.g. katamaḥ kaṭhaḥ, or katama-kaṭhaḥ, which Kaṭha out of many?)
when followed by ca and preceded yatama an indefinite expression is formed equivalent to ‘any whosoever’, ‘any whatsoever’, &c. (e.g. yatamad eva katamac ca vidyāt he may know anything whatsoever). In negative sentences with cana or with api = not even one, none at all (e.g. na katamaccanāhaḥ, not even on a single day, on no day at all)
in addition to the above uses is said to mean ‘best’, ‘excessively good-looking’ (cf. 3. ka), [RV.] &c.
katará (as, ā, at), mfn. (comparative of 2. ka; declined as a pronom., [Gram. 236]), who or which of two? whether of two? Analogously to katama above may occasionally be used to express ‘who or which of many?’ (e.g. katarasyāṃ diśi, in which quarter?), and may optionally be compounded with the word to which it refers (e.g. kataraḥ kaṭhaḥ or katara-kaṭhaḥ)
in negative sentences with cana = neither of the two (e.g. na kataraś-cana jigye), neither of the two was conquered, [RV.] &c.;
[cf. Zd. katāra; Gk. πότερος, κότερος; Goth. hvathar; Eng. whether; Lat. uter; Old Germ. huedar; Slav. kotoryi.]