kárṇa m. (√ kṛt, [Nir.]; √ 1. kṝ, [Uṇ. iii, 10]), the ear, [RV.]; [AV.]; [TS.]; [Suśr.] (ápi kárṇe, behind the ear or back, from behind, [RV.] [cf. apikarṇá]; karṇe, [in dram.] into the ear, in a low voice, aside, [Mṛcch.]; [Mālav.]; karṇaṃ √ dā, to give ear to, listen to, [Śak.]; [Mṛcch.]; karṇam ā-√ gam, to come to one's ear, become known to, [Ragh. i, 9])
the handle or ear of a vessel, [RV. viii, 72, 12]; [ŚBr. ix]; [KātyŚr.] &c.
the helm or rudder of a ship, [R.]
(in geom.) the hypothenuse of a triangle or the diagonal of a tetragon, [Hcat.] &c.
the diameter of a circle, [Sūryas.]
(in prosody) a spondee
Cassia Fistula, [L.]
Calotropis Gigantea, [L.]
N. of a king of Aṅga (and elder brother by the mother's side of the Pāṇḍu princes, being the son of the god Sūrya by Pṛthā or Kuntī, before her marriage with Pāṇḍu; afraid of the censure of her relatives, Kuntī deserted the child and exposed it in the river, where it was found by a charioteer named Adhi-ratha and nurtured by his wife Rādhā ; hence Karṇa is sometimes called Sūta-putra or Sūta-ja, sometimes Rādheya, though named by his foster-parents Vasu-ṣeṇa), [MBh.]; [BhP.] &c.
N. of several other men
karṇá (mfn. karṇá), eared, furnished with ears or long ears, [AV. v, 13, 9]; [VS.]; [TS.]
furnished with chaff (as grain), [TS. i, 8, 9, 3.]
(accord. to some also, karṇá, ‘cropped or defective on the ears’) in comp.
kartṛ́ mfn. one who makes or does or acts or effects, a doer, maker, agent, author (with gen. or acc. or ifc. cf. bhaya-kartṛ, &c.), [RV.]; [AV.] &c., [MBh.]; [Mn.] &c.
doing any particular action or business, applying one's self to any occupation (the business or occupation preceding in the compound, cf. suvarṇa-kartṛ, rājya-k°, &c.)
one who acts in a religious ceremony, a priest, [ŚBr.]; [ĀśvGṛ.] &c.
kartṛ́ (tā), m. the creator of the world, [ŚBr. xiv]; [Yājñ. iii, 69]
N. of Viṣṇu, [Pañcat.]
of Brahman, [L.]
of Śiva, [L.]
(in Gr.) the agent of an action (who acts of his own accord [sva-tantra]), the active noun, the subject of a sentence (it stands either in the nom. [in active construction], or in the instr. [in passive construction], or in the gen. [in connection with a noun of action]; it is opposed to karman, the object), [Pāṇ.] &c.
one who is about to do, one who will do (used as periphr. fut.), [MBh.]
(with and without halasya) ploughing, agriculture, [Āp.]; [Yājñ. ii, 217]
‘anything scratched off’, see kṣāma-karṣa-miśrá
m. n. a weight of gold or silver (= 16 Māṣas = 80 Rettis = 1/4 Pala = 1/400 of a Tulā = about 176 grains troy; in common use 8 Rettis are given to the Māṣa, and the Karṣa is then about 280 grains troy), [Suśr.]; [VarBṛS.] &c.
Terminalia Bellerica (also called akṣa, q.v.), [L.]
káraṇa m. a helper, companion, [AV. vi, 46, 2]; [xv, 5, 1]-[6]; [xix, 57, 3]
a man of a mixed class (the son of an outcast Kṣatriya, [Mn. x, 22]; or the son of a Śūdra woman by a Vaiśya, [Yājñ. i, 92]; or the son of a Vaiśya woman by a Kṣatriya, [MBh. i, 2446]; [4521]; the occupation of this class is writing, accounts &c.)
writer, scribe, [W.]
káraṇa m. (in Gr.) a sound or word as an independent part of speech (or as separated from the context; in this sense usually n.), [Kāś.] on [Pāṇ. iii, 1, 41]; [Pat.] Comm. on [RPrāt.]
káraṇa m. (in mus.) a kind of time, [Kum. vi, 40]
káraṇa n. the act of making, doing, producing, effecting, [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c. (very often ifc., e.g. muṣṭi-k°, virūpa-k°)
an act, deed, [RV.]
an action (esp. a religious one), [Yājñ. i, 250]; [R.]
the special business of any tribe or caste, [L.]
a calculation (esp. an astronomical one), [VarBṛS.]
an astrological division of the day (these Karaṇas are eleven, viz. vava, valava, kaulava, taitila, gara, vaṇija, viṣṭi, śakuni, catuṣpada, kintughna, and nāga, two being equal to a lunar day; the first seven are called a-dhruvāṇi or movable, and fill, eight times repeated, the space from the second half of the first day in the moon's increase to the first half of the fourteenth day in its wane; the four others are dhruvāṇi or fixed, and occupy the four half-days from the second half of the fourteenth day in the wane of the moon to the first half of the first day in its increase), [VarBṛS.]; [Suśr.] &c.
pronunciation, articulation, [APrāt.]
(in Gr.) a sound or word as an independent part of speech, separated from its context, [Pāṇ.], [Kāś.] &c., ( may be used in this way like kāra, e.g. iti-karaṇa, [ŚāṅkhŚr.])
the posture of an ascetic
a posture in sexual intercourse
instrument, means of action, [ŚvetUp.]; [Yājñ.]; [Megh.]
an organ of sense or of speech, [VPrāt.]; [PārGṛ.]
(in law) an instrument, document, bond, [Mn. viii, 51]; [52]; [154]
(in Gr.) the means or instrument by which an action is effected, the idea expressed by the instrumental case, instrumentality, [Pāṇ. i, 4, 42]; [ii, 3, 18]; [iii, 2, 45]
cause (= kāraṇa)
a spell, charm, [Kathās.] (cf. karaṇa-prayoga)
rhythm, time, [Kum.]
body, [Megh.]; [Kum.]; [Kād.]
N. of a treatise of Varāha-mihira on the motion of the planets
kárman n. (ā m., [L.]), (√ kṛ, [Uṇ. iv, 144]), act, action, performance, business, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.]; [MBh.] &c.
office, special duty, occupation, obligation (frequently ifc., the first member of the compound being either the person who performs the action [e.g. vaṇik-k°] or the person or thing for or towards whom the action is performed [e.g. rāja-k°, paśu-k°] or a specification of the action [e.g. śaurya-k°, prīti-k°]), [ŚBr.]; [Mn.]; [Bhartṛ.] &c.
any religious act or rite (as sacrifice, oblation &c., esp. as originating in the hope of future recompense and as opposed to speculative religion or knowledge of spirit), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.]; [Ragh.] &c.
action consisting in motion (as the third among the seven categories of the Nyāya philosophy; of these motions there are five, viz. ut-kṣepaṇa, ava-kṣepaṇa, ā-kuñcana, prasāraṇa, and gamana, qq.vv.), [Bhāṣāp.]; [Tarkas.]
calculation, [Sūryas.]
product, result, effect, [Mn. xii, 98]; [Suśr.]
organ of sense, [ŚBr. xiv] (or of action See karmendriya)
(in Gr.) the object (it stands either in the acc. [in active construction], or in the nom. [in passive construction], or in the gen. [in connection with a noun of action]; opposed to kartṛ the subject), [Pāṇ. i, 4, 49 ff.] (it is of four kinds, viz. a. nirvartya, when anything new is produced, e.g. kaṭaṃ karoti, ‘he makes a mat’ ; putraṃ prasūte, ‘she bears a son’; b. vikārya, when change is implied either of the substance and form, e.g. kāṣṭhaṃ bhasma karoti, ‘he reduces fuel to ashes’; or of the form only, e.g. suvarṇaṃ kuṇḍalaṃ karoti, ‘he fashions gold into an ear-ring’; c. prāpya, when any desired object is attained, e.g. grāmaṃ gacchati, ‘he goes to the village’; candraṃ paśyati, ‘he sees the moon’; d. anīpsita, when an undesired object is abandoned, e.g. pāpaṃ tyajati, ‘he leaves the wicked’)
former act as leading to inevitable results, fate (as the certain consequence of acts in a previous life), [Pañcat.]; [Hit.]; [Buddh.], (cf. karma-pāka and -vipāka)
m. pl. N. of a people and the country they inhabit (the modern Karnatic; the name, however, was anciently applied to the central districts of the peninsula, including Mysore), [VarBṛS.]; [Rājat.]; [Kathās.] &c.