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Word (IAST)Word (Devanagari)Overview
ṛṣiऋषिṛ́ṣi m. (√ 2. ṛṣ Comm. on [Uṇ. iv, 119]; ṛṣati jñānena saṃsāra-pāram, [T.]; perhaps fr. an obsolete √ ṛṣ for √ dṛś, ‘to see ?’, cf. ṛṣi-kṛt), a singer of sacred hymns, an inspired poet or sage, any person who alone or with others invokes the deities in rhythmical speech or song of a sacred character (e.g. the ancient hymn-singers Kutsa, Atri, Rebha, Agastya, Kuśika, Vasiṣṭha, Vy-aśva), [RV.]; [AV.]; [VS.] &c.
the Ṛṣis were regarded by later generations as patriarchal sages or saints, occupying the same position in India history as the heroes and patriarchs of other countries, and constitute a peculiar class of beings in the early mythical system, as distinct from gods, men, Asuras, &c., [AV. x, 10, 26]; [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; [Mn.] &c.
they are the authors or rather seers of the Vedic hymns i.e. according to orthodox Hindū ideas they are the inspired personages to whom these hymns were revealed, and such an expression as ‘the Ṛṣi says’ is equivalent to ‘so it stands in the sacred text’
seven Ṛṣis, sapta ṛṣayaḥ, or saptaṛṣayaḥ or saptarṣayaḥ, are often mentioned in the Brāhmaṇas and later works as typical representatives of the character and spirit of the pre-historic or mythical period
in [ŚBr. xiv, 5, 2, 6] their names are given as follows, Gotama, Bharadvāja, Viśvā-mitra, Jamadagni, Vasiṣṭha, Kaśyapa, and Atri
in [MBh. xii], Marīci, Atri, Aṅgiras, Pulaha, Kratu, Pulastya, Vasiṣṭha are given as the names of the Ṛṣis of the first Manvantara, and they are also called Prajāpatis or patriarchs
the names of the Ṛṣis of the subsequent Manv-antaras are enumerated in [Hariv. 417 ff.]
afterwards three other names are added, viz. Pracetas or Dakṣa, Bhṛgu, and Nārada, these ten being created by Manu Svāyambhuva for the production of all other beings including gods and men, [ĀśvŚr.]; [MBh.]; [VP.] &c.
in astron. the seven Ṛṣis form the constellation of ‘the Great Bear’, [RV. x, 82, 2]; [AV. vi, 40, 1]; [ŚBr.]; [ĀśvGṛ.]; [MBh.] &c.
(metaphorically the seven Ṛṣis may stand for the seven senses or the seven vital airs of the body, [VS. xxxiv]; [ŚBr. xiv]; [KātyŚr.])
a saint or sanctified sage in general, an ascetic, anchorite (this is a later sense; sometimes three orders of these are enumerated, viz. Devarṣis, Brahmarṣis, and Rājarṣis; sometimes seven, four others being added, viz. Maharṣis, Paramarṣis, Śrutarṣis, and Kāṇḍarṣis), [Mn. iv, 94][xi, 236]; [Śak.]; [Ragh.] &c.
the seventh of the eight degrees of Brāhmans, [Hcat.]
a hymn or Mantra composed by a Ṛṣi
the Veda Comm. on [MBh.] & [Pat.]
a symbolical expression for the number seven
the moon
an imaginary circle
a ray of light, [L.]
the fish Cyprinus Rishi, [L.];
[cf. Hib. arsan, ‘a sage, a man old in wisdom’; arrach, ‘old, ancient, aged’.]
ṛṣikāऋषिकाf. the wife of an inferior Ṛṣi
N. of a river, [MBh.]; [VP.]
ṛṣikaऋषिकm. a Ṛṣi of lower degree
N. of the king of the Ṛṣikas
m. pl. N. of a people, [MBh.]; [Hariv.] &c.
ṛṣikṛtऋषिकृत्ṛṣi—kṛt mfn. causing to see ([Sāy.]), enlightening (said of Agni), [RV. i, 31, 16]
enlightening (the mind), inspiring (said of the Soma), [RV. ix, 96, 18.]
ṛṣitvaऋषित्वṛṣi—tva n. the state of a Ṛṣi, [MBh.]
ṛṣivatऋषिवत्ṛṣi—vát ind. like a Ṛṣi, [RV. x, 66, 14]; [Mn. ii, 189.]
ṛṣiṣahऋषिषह्ṛṣi—ṣah (nom. -ṣā́ṭ) mfn. overcoming the Ṛṣi (said of the Soma), [RV. ix, 76, 4.]
ṛṣideśaऋषिदेशṛṣi—deśa m. the country inhabited by the Ṛṣis, [Hcat.]
ṛṣidevaऋषिदेवṛṣi—deva m. N. of a Buddha.
ṛṣidviṣऋषिद्विष्ṛṣi—dvíṣ mfn. hating the Ṛṣis, [RV. i, 39, 10.]
ṛṣigaṇaऋषिगणṛṣi—gaṇa m. the company or number of sages, host of patriarchal sages.
ṛṣigiriऋषिगिरिṛṣi—giri m. N. of a mountain in Magadha, [MBh.]
ṛṣilokaऋषिलोकṛ́ṣ—loka m. the world of the Ṛṣis (cf. deva-loka, brahma-l°), [MBh.]
ṛṣimukhaऋषिमुखṛṣi—mukha n. the beginning of a Ṛṣi or hymn.
ṛṣivāṭaऋषिवाटṛṣi—vāṭa m. a hermitage of Ṛṣis
ṛṣiṣāṇaऋषिषाणṛṣi—ṣāṇa mfn. (√ san), presented or offered by the Ṛṣis (to the gods; said of the Soma), [RV. ix, 86, 4.]
ṛṣiśṛṅgaऋषिशृङ्गṛṣi—śṛṅga m. N. of a man (cf. ṛśya-śṛ°.)
ṛṣibandhuऋषिबन्धुṛṣi—bandhu mfn. related to the Ṛṣis, [RV. viii, 100, 6.]
ṛṣidroṇaऋषिद्रोणṛṣi—droṇa m. N. of a place.
ṛṣiguptaऋषिगुप्तṛṣi—gupta mfn. N. of a Buddha, [Lalit.]
ṛṣikalpaऋषिकल्पṛṣi—kalpa m. ‘almost a Ṛṣi’, ‘similar to a Ṛṣi’
the sixth of the eight degrees of Brāhmans, [Hcat.]
ṛṣikulyāऋषिकुल्याṛṣi—kulyā f. ‘the river of the Ṛṣis’, a sacred river, N. of Sarasvatī (also denoting ‘the river of Ṛṣis i.e. sacred hymns’, Sarasvatī being the goddess of speech), [BhP. iii, 16, 13]; [22, 27]
N. of a river, [MBh.]; [VP.]; [MārkP.] &c.
of a wife of Bhūman, [BhP. v, 15, 5.]
ṛṣimanasऋषिमनस्ṛṣi—manas mfn. of far-seeing or enlightened mind, [RV. ix, 96, 18.]
ṛṣiputraऋषिपुत्रṛṣi—putra m. the son of a Ṛṣi, [MBh.]
N. of an author.
ṛṣistomaऋषिस्तोमṛṣi—stoma m. a particular sacrifice, [ĀśvŚr.]
ṛṣisvaraऋषिस्वरṛṣi—svará mfn. praised by Ṛṣis, [RV. v, 44, 8.]
ṛṣitīrthaऋषितीर्थṛṣi—tīrtha n. N. of a Tīrtha.
ṛṣiyajñaऋषियज्ञṛṣi—yajña m. sacrifice to the Ṛṣis i.e. study of the Veda, [Mn. iv, 21.]
ṛṣiṣṭutaऋषिष्टुतṛṣi—ṣṭuta mfn. praised by the Ṛṣis, [RV. vii, 75, 5]; [viii, 13, 25]; [AV. vi, 108, 2]; [ŚBr.] &c.
ṛṣiśrāddhaऋषिश्राद्धṛṣi—śrāddha n. ‘funeral oblation for the Ṛṣis’ (consisting of a mere handful of water), a figurative expression for insignificant acts which are preceded by great preparations, [Śārṅg.]
ṛṣicodanaऋषिचोदनṛṣi—códana mfn. animating or inspiring the Ṛṣis, [RV. viii, 51, 3.]
ṛṣipatanaऋषिपतनṛṣi—patana m. N. of a forest near Benares, [Lalit.]
ṛṣiproktāऋषिप्रोक्ताṛṣi—proktā f. Glycine Debilis, [L.]
ṛṣicchandasऋषिच्छन्दस्ṛṣi—cchandas n. N. of particular metres, [RPrāt.]
ṛṣimaṇḍalaऋषिमण्डलṛṣi—maṇḍala n. N. of wk.
ṛṣipañcamīऋषिपञ्चमीṛṣi—pañcamī f. the fifth day in the light half of the month Bhādrapada.
ṛṣiputrakaऋषिपुत्रकṛṣi—putraka m. Artemisia Vulgaris.
ṛṣisāhvayaऋषिसाह्वयṛṣi—sāhvaya n. ‘having Ṛṣi as an appellation’, N. of the forest Ṛṣi-patana above, [Lalit.]
ṛṣisaṃhitāऋषिसंहिताṛṣi—saṃhitā f. the Saṃhitā of the Ṛṣis, [SaṃhUp.]
ṛṣisattamaऋषिसत्तमṛṣi—sattama m. the best or most excellent of the sages.
ṛṣitarpaṇaऋषितर्पणṛṣi—tarpaṇa n. a handful of water presented as libation to the Ṛṣis, [T.]
cf. [Mn. ii, 176]
N. of wk.
ṛṣibrāhmaṇaऋषिब्राह्मणṛṣi—brāhmaṇa n. N. of wk.
ṛṣipraśiṣṭaऋषिप्रशिष्टṛṣi—praśiṣṭa mfn. instructed by the Ṛṣis, [AV. xi, 1, 15.]
ṛṣisvādhyāyaऋषिस्वाध्यायṛṣi—svādhyāya m. repetition of the Veda, [ŚāṅkhGṛ.]
ṛṣijāṅgalikīऋषिजाङ्गलिकीṛṣi—jāṅgalikī f. N. of a plant, [L.]
ṛṣicāndrāyaṇaऋषिचान्द्रायणṛṣi—cāndrāyaṇa n. a particular observance or penance.