ati अति áti ind. [probably neut. of an obsolete adj. atin, passing, going, beyond; see √ at, and cf. Old Germ. anti, unti, inti, unde, indi, &c.; Eng. and; Germ. und; Gk. ἔτι, ἀντί, Lat. ante; Lith. ant; Arm. ti; Zend aitì]. As a prefix to verbs and their derivatives, expresses beyond, over, and, if not standing by itself, leaves the accent on the verb or its derivative; as, ati-kram (√ kram), to overstep, Ved. Inf. ati-kráme, (fit) to be walked on, to be passed, [RV. i, 105, 16], ati-krámaṇa n. See s.v. When prefixed to nouns, not derived from verbs, it expresses beyond, surpassing, as, ati-kaśa, past the whip, ati-mānuṣa, superhuman, &c. See s.v. As a separable adverb or preposition (with acc.), Ved. beyond (with gen.) over, at the top of [RV.]; [AV.] is often prefixed to nouns and adjectives, and rarely to verbs, in the sense excessive, extraordinary, intense; excessively, too exceedingly, very in such compounds the accent is generally on áti. atibhā अतिभा ati-√ bhā -bhā́ti, to blaze or be very bright, [AV. x, 3, 17]; [R.] atibhī अतिभी ati—bhī m. ‘very terrific’, lightning, [L.] atibhū अतिभू ati-√ bhū (perf. -babhūva), to originate or take rise in an excessive way, [MBh. viii, 4541]; P. (once Ā. [TĀr.]), to excel, surpass, [PBr.]; [MBh.] &c.: Desid. to intend to surpass, [ĀśvŚr.] atibhṛ अतिभृ ati-√ bhṛ Ā. to pass or extend over (perf. 2. sg. jabhriṣe), [RV. ix, 86, 29] and [100, 9.] atidhā अतिधा ati-√ dhā to put away. atigha अतिघ ati-gha m. (√ han), ‘very destructive’, a weapon, bludgeon wrath. atiśī अतिशी ati-√ śī -śete, to precede in lying down, [MBh.]; to surpass, excel; to act as an incubus, annoy, [L.] : Pass. -śayyate, to be excelled or surpassed. ati-√ 3. śī to fall or drop beyond, [Kāṭh.]; to get out from (acc.), leave, [ChUp.] atiśi अतिशि ati-√ śi cl. 3. Ā. -síśīte, to sharpen up (a weapon) for attacking, [RV. i, 36, 16.] atithi अतिथि átithi m. (√ at, or said to be from a-tithi, ‘one who has no fixed day for coming’), a guest, a person entitled to hospitality N. of Agni of an attendant on Soma N. of Suhotra (king of Ayodhyā, and grandson of Rāma). atidā अतिदा ati-√ 1. dā to surpass in giving, [RV. viii, 1, 38]; to pass over in giving, [KātyŚr.] atigā अतिगा ati-√ gam or ati-√ gā, to pass by or over ; to surpass, overcome; to escape; neglect; to pass away, die. atiga अतिग ati-ga mfn. (ifc.) exceeding, overcoming, surpassing (cf. śokātiga) transgressing, violating. atigo अतिगो ati—go f. an excellent cow, [Pāṇ. v, 4, 69], Sch. atihā अतिहा ati-√ 2. hā to jump over, [RV.] &c.; to pass jumping from one place to another. atihṛ अतिहृ ati-√ hṛ to hold over; to reach over; to cause to jut over; to add. atiji अतिजि ati-√ ji (aor. áty-ajaiṣīt), to conquer, [AV.] atinī अतिनी ati-√ nī to lead over or beyond, to help a person over anything, [RV.] &c.; to allow to pass away: Intens. Ā. -nenīyáte, to bring forward, [RV. vi, 47, 16.] atinau अतिनौ ati-nau mfn. disembarked, [Pāṇ.], Sch. atinu अतिनु ati-√ nu Caus. to turn away, [TS.] atipā अतिपा ati-√ 1. pā Caus. P. -pāyayati, to give to drink in great quantity, [Kathās.] atipṝ अतिपॄ ati-√ pṝ cl. 4. P. -pūryati, to become full or overflowing, [MBh.] atipū अतिपू ati-√ pū P. to clarify or purify through (3. pl. aor. áti apāviṣuḥ), [RV. ix, 60, 2] : Ā. -pavate, to purify or purge by flowing through (especially used of the Soma juice, which is considered to be a purgative), [ŚBr.] &c. atipṛ अतिपृ ati-√ 1. pṛ to convey across, to help over, [RV.]; to cross, pass over, [RV. i, 174, 9] and [vi, 20, 12]; to keep (a promise) : Caus. -pārayati to lead or convey over, [RV.] &c. atirai अतिरै ati-rai exceeding one's income, extravagant, [Pāṇ.], Sch. atiri अतिरि ati-ri neut. of ati-rai, q.v. atisṛ अतिसृ ati-√ sṛ Caus. to cause to pass through: Pass. -sāryate; to be purged, [Suśr.] atitṝ अतितॄ ati-√ tṝ to pass through or by or over, cross, overcome, escape: Desid. -titīrṣati, to be desirous of crossing or overcoming, [BhP.] ativā अतिवा ati-√ 2. vā cl. 2. P. -vāti, to blow beyond, [AV.]; cl. 4. P. -vayati, to blow violently; (ati-vāyati), pr.p. loc. (ind.) the wind blowing strongly, [MBh.] ativī अतिवी ati-√ vī to outstrip, [RV. v, 44, 7.] atiyā अतिया ati-√ yā to pass over or before; to surpass, [RV.] &c.; to pass by, [RV. i, 135, 7]; to transgress, [BhP.] atibhūṣ अतिभूष् ati-√ 2. bhūṣ to adorn one's self before (another); to adorn richly. atibhrū अतिभ्रू ati—bhrū mfn. having extraordinary eyebrows. atidhāv अतिधाव् ati-√ dhāv to run or rush over. atidhyai अतिध्यै ati-√ dhyai to meditate deeply, [VP.] atighnī अतिघ्नी ati-ghnī́ f. utter oblivion or profound sleep (obliterating all that is disagreeable in the past, and regarded as the highest condition of bliss), [ŚBr. xiv.] atikhyā अतिख्या ati-√ khyā to survey, overlook (3. sg. impf. áty-akhyat), [AV.]; to neglect, pass over, abandon (2. sg. Conj. áti-khyas, 2. du. Conj. áti-khyatam), [RV.] atiśiṣ अतिशिष् ati-√ śiṣ to leave remaining. Pass. -śiṣyate, to remain. atiśrī अतिश्री ati—śrī mfn. very prosperous, [Pāṇ. i, 2, 48], Sch. atiśubh अतिशुभ् ati-√ śubh to be brilliant, to please: Caus. -śobhayati, to make brilliant, adorn. atiśvā अतिश्वा ati-śvā m. N. of a tribe (?), (g. pakṣādi, q.v.) atiśva अतिश्व ati-śva mf(I)n. superior to, or worse than, a dog, [Pāṇ. v, 4, 96] atithin अतिथिन् atithín mfn. (√ at), travelling, [RV. x, 68, 3] atithín m. N. of a king (also Suhotra and Atithi q.v.) atibādh अतिबाध् ati-√ bādh to molest or annoy exceedingly. atibṛh अतिबृह् ati-√ 1. bṛh to push out intensely (scil. retas; used only for the etym. of vṛṣabha), [Nir.] atibrū अतिब्रू ati-√ brū or abhi-√ brū, to insult, abuse, [MBh. iii, 15640.] aticar अतिचर् ati-√ car to pass by; to overtake, surpass; to transgress, offend, be unfaithful to. aticṛt अतिचृत् ati-√ cṛt to stick on, fasten, [AV.] atidāś अतिदाश् ati-√ dāś to favour with a gift, present, [RV.] atidagh अतिदघ् ati-√ dagh to go beyond, to pass (3. sg. áte-dhak, 2. du. áti-dhakṣam), [RV.] atidah अतिदह् ati-√ dah to burn or blaze across, [ŚBr.] to burn or distress greatly. atidṛp अतिदृप् ati-√ dṛp to be excessively conceited. atidiś अतिदिश् ati-√ diś to make over, transfer, assign: Pass. -diśyate, (in Gr.) to be overruled or attracted or assimilated. atidiv अतिदिव् ati-√ 2. div (ind.p. dī́vyā [= °vya]), to play higher, [RV. x, 42, 9]; to risk (in playing), [MBh. ii, 2041.] atidru अतिद्रु ati-√ dru to run by, pass hastily, [RV.]; [AV.]; to pass over, [ŚBr.] atigāh अतिगाह् ati-√ gāh ‘to emerge over’, to rise upon, [RV.] atigam अतिगम् ati-√ gam or ati-√ gā, to pass by or over ; to surpass, overcome; to escape; neglect; to pass away, die. atigur अतिगुर् ati-√ gur (Pot. áti juguryā́t), to cry out, give a shriek, [RV. i, 173, 2.] atihan अतिहन् ati-√ han Desid. -jighāṃsati (for -jighāsati fr. √ 2. hā?), to try to escape, [AitBr.] atihve अतिह्वे ati-√ hve (1. sg. Ā. -hvaye), to call over to one's side, [TBr.] atijīv अतिजीव् ati-√ jīv to survive; to surpass in the mode of living. atikṛṣ अतिकृष् ati-√ kṛṣ to drag over or beyond. atikup अतिकुप् ati-√ kup to become very angry. atimām अतिमाम् ati-mām (acc. of aty-aham, q.v.), surpassing me, [Pāṇ. vii, 2, 97], Sch. atiman अतिमन् ati-√ man -manyate (1. pl. -manāmahé'ti), to disdain, despise, [RV.] &c.; to value less than one's self, [ŚBr.]; to pride one's self, [ŚBr.] atimuc अतिमुच् ati-√ muc Pass. -mucyate, to avoid, escape, [ŚBr.] &c. atinam अतिनम् ati-√ nam to bend aside, keep on one side. (Caus. -nāmayati), to pass time, [Divyāv.] atined अतिनेद् ati-√ ned to stream or flow over, foam over, [TS.] &c. atinud अतिनुद् ati-√ nud to drive by, [AV.] atipaś अतिपश् ati-√ paś to look beyond, look through, [RV. i, 94, 7]; [AV.] atipaṭh अतिपठ् ati-√ paṭh Pass. -pathyate, to be greatly proclaimed or celebrated, [MBh.] atipad अतिपद् ati-√ pad to go beyond (acc.), jump over; to neglect, transgress: Caus. -pādayati to allow to pass by. atipat अतिपत् ati-√ pat to fall or fly by or past or beyond or over, to neglect, miss: Caus. -pātayati, to cause to fly by, to drag away, to make effectless. atipru अतिप्रु ati-√ pru to jump over, to escape, [TS.] atirāj अतिराज् ati-√ rāj to shine over (aor. Subj. 3. sg. áti rāṭ), [RV. vi, 12, 5.] atiric अतिरिच् ati-√ ric Pass. -ricyate, to be left with a surplus, to surpass (in a good or bad sense with abl. or acc.); to be superior, predominate, prevail: Caus. -recayati, to do superfluously, to do too much, [ŚBr.] &c. atiruc अतिरुच् ati-√ ruc to shine over or along, [RV.] &c.; to surpass in shining. ati-rúc m. a horse's fetlock or knee, [VS.] atiruh अतिरुह् ati-√ ruh to climb or ascend over, [RV. ix, 17, 5]; to grow higher, [RV. x, 90, 2.] atiruṣ अतिरुष् ati—ruṣ mfn. very angry. atisev अतिसेव् ati-√ sev to use or enjoy immoderately, to practise excessively; cf. ati-sevā s.v. ati. atisṛj अतिसृज् ati-√ sṛj to glide over or along, [RV.]; to send away dismiss, abandon; to leave as a remnant, to remit, forgive; to give away, present, to create in a higher degree, [ŚBr. xiv.] atisṛp अतिसृप् ati-√ sṛp to glide or creep over, get over, [RV.] &c. atisru अतिस्रु ati-√ sru to flow over or flow excessively. atisvṛ अतिस्वृ ati-√ svṛ to hold or sustain a note, [PBr.]; [ChUp.] atitap अतितप् ati-√ tap to be very hot, [AV. xviii, 2, 36], &c.; to heat, [AV. xiii, 2, 40]; [BhP.]; to affect greatly: Caus. -tāpayati, to heat much. atitṛd अतितृद् ati-√ tṛd to cleave, split, [VS.]; to pierce through, penetrate, [AV.] atitṛp अतितृप् ati-√ tṛp to be satiated. ativac अतिवच् ati-√ vac to blame, to speak too loudly either in blaming or praising. ativad अतिवद् ati-√ vad to speak louder or better, to surpass or overpower in disputing, [TBr.] &c.; to ask for too much, [AV.] ativah अतिवह् ati-√ vah to carry over or across to pass by; to pass (time), [Daś.] : Caus. vāhayati, to let pass, get over or through, endure; to let time pass, spend. ativṛdh अतिवृध् ati-√ vṛdh to surpass in growing, grow beyond, [ŚBr.] ativṛt अतिवृत् ati-√ vṛt to pass beyond, surpass, cross; to get over, overcome; to transgress, violate, offend, especially by unfaithfulness; to pass away; to delay. ativṛṣ अतिवृष् ati-√ vṛṣ to rain violently. atiyaj अतियज् ati-√ yaj to neglect or pass in offering a sacrifice, [TS.] atiṣṭhā अतिष्ठा ati-ṣṭhā (√ sthā) to be at the head of, govern, [RV.]; [AV.]; to jut over or out, [TBr.] ati-ṣṭhā́ f. precedence, superiority, [ŚBr.] &c. ati-ṣṭhā́ m. f. (ās) superior in standing, surpassing. atiṣṭu अतिष्टु ati-ṣṭu (√ stu) to go on too far in reciting hymns of praise, [PBr.]; [Lāṭy.] atibhāra अतिभार ati—bhāra m. an excessive burden, excessive obscurity (of a sentence) excess N. of a king. ati-bhāra m. See s.v. ati. ati-māra or ati-bhāra m. N. of a prince. atibhāva अतिभाव ati-bhāva m. superiority, overcoming. atibhūmi अतिभूमि ati-bhūmi f. extensive land culmination, eminence, superiority excess. atibhṛta अतिभृत ati—bhṛta mfn. well filled.