ah अह् (defect. verb, only perf. 3. sg. ā́ha and 3. pl. āhúḥ, [RV.]; [AV.] &c., 2. sg. āttha, [ŚBr. xiv] ([BṛĀrUp.]), [N.]; [Ragh. iii, 48] 3. du. āhatuḥ, [Pāṇ. viii, 2, 35]) to say, speak, [RV.] &c.; (with lexicographers) to express, signify; to call (by name, nāmnā), [MBh. iii, 16065]; to call, hold, consider, regard as (with two acc., for one of which may be substituted a phrase with iti), [RV.] &c.; to state or declare with reference to (acc.), [BṛĀrUp.]; [Śak.]; [Megh.]; to acknowledge, accept, state, [AitBr.]; [Mn.] &c.; to adjudge anything (acc.) to any one (gen.), [Mn. ix, 44.] [cf. Hib. ag-all, ‘speech’; eigh-im, ‘I call’; Goth. af-aika, ‘I deny’; Lat. nego for n'-ego, ‘to say no’; ad-ag-ium, ajo, &c.] cl. 5. P. ahnoti, to pervade or occupy, [L.] ahī अही ahī́ m. (only gen. sg. nom. and acc. pl. ahyás; gen. pl. ahī́nām) a snake, [RV. ix, 77, 3]; [x, 139, 6] N. of a demon conquered by Indra and his companions, [RV. x, 138, 1] and [144, 4] (cf. ahīśúva s.v.) ahī́ (ī́), f. a cow, [Naigh.] ahī́ (ī́), f. du. heaven and earth, [Naigh.] ahī́ See [ib.] aha अह áha ind. (as a particle implying ascertainment, affirmation, certainty, &c.) surely, certainly, [RV.]; [AV.]; [ŚBr.] (as explaining, defining) namely, [ŚBr.] (as admitting, limiting, &c.) it is true, I grant, granted, indeed, at least, [ŚBr.] [For the rules of accentuation necessitated in a phrase by the particle áha cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 24] seqq.] (also) a particle answering to ha in a preceding sentence (ha — = μὲν — δέ), [Gaṇar.] áha n. (only Ved.; nom. pl. áhā, [RV.]; [AV.]; gen. pl. áhānām, [RV. viii, 22, 13]) = áhar, q.v., a day often ifc. m(aha/). (e.g. dvādaśāhá, try-ahá, ṣaḍ-ahá, &c.) or n. (e.g. puṇyāhá, bhadrāhá, and sudināha) See also ahna s.v. ahe अहे ind. a particle (implying reproach, rejection, separation, [L.]), [TS. iii] (only in a sacrificial formula beginning with áhe daidhiṣavya and reoccurring in several other texts). ahi अहि áhi m. (√ aṃh), a snake, [RV.] &c. the serpent of the sky, the demon Vṛtra, [RV.] (see also áhirbudhnyás below) a cloud, [Naigh.] water, [ib.] the sun, [L.] a N. of Rāhu, [L.] a traveller, [L.] the navel, [L.] lead, [L.] (in arithm.) the number eight N. of a Ṛṣi (with the patron. auśanasa) and of another (with the patron. paidva). [Zd. aži; Lat. angui-s; Gk. ἔχι-ς, ἔχιδνα, ἔγχελυς, and ὄϕις; Lith. ungury-s; Russ. ûgorj; Armen. ôz; Germ. unc.] aho अहो (instead of ahā [= áhar] in comp. before the letter r). ind. a particle (implying joyful or painful surprise) Ah! (of enjoyment or satisfaction) Oh! (of fatigue, discontent, compassion, sorrow, regret) Alas! Ah! (of praise, cf. [Pāṇ. viii, 1, 40] seq.) Bravo! (of reproach) Fie! (of calling, [Kum. iii, 20]) Ho! Halo! (of contempt) Pshaw! Often combined with other particles of similar signification, as aho dhik or dhig aho, aho bata, &c. ahu अहु mfn. only in paró-'hu, q.v. ahaḥ अहः (in comp. for áhar). ahaṃ अहं (in comp. for ahám). ahaś अहश् (in comp. for áhar). aham अहम् ahám nom. sg., ‘I’, [RV.] &c. = ahaṃkaraṇa, q.v., (hence declinable gen. ahamas, &c.), [BhP.] [Zd. azem; Gk. ἐγώ; Goth. ik; Mod. Germ. ich; Lith. asz; Slav. az]. ahan अहन् áhan n. the base of the weak and some other cases of áhar, q.v., e.g. instr. áhnā [once ahanā́, [RV. i, 123, 4]] dat. áhne loc. áhan (Ved.) or áhani, or ahni, &c. nom. du. áhanī (see also s.v. áhar) and pl. áhāni only Ved. are the middle cases of the pl. áhabhyas [[RV.]], áhabhis [[RV.], nine times], and áhasu [[RV. i, 124, 9]], while the later language forms them fr. the base áhas, q.v. ahar अहर् áhar n. (the weak cases come fr. áhan, q.v., the middle ones fr. áhas [see below] or in [RV.] also fr. áhan, q.v.) a day, [RV.] &c. a sacrificial or festival day, portion of a sacrifice appointed for one day's performance, [AitBr.] &c. (often ifc., as dvādaśāhá, &c. See s.v. 2. áha) day personified as one of the eight Vasus, [MBh. i, 2582] seqq. N. of an Āṅgirasa, [KāṭhAnukr.] of a Tīrtha, [MBh. iii, 6070] (áhanī) nom. du. day and night, [RV.]; [AV. xiii, 2, 3] (cf. áhaś ca kṛṣṇám áhar árjunam ca, ‘the black and the white day’ i.e. night and day, [RV. vi, 9, 1]) ahas अहस् áhas the base of the middle cases of áhar instr. pl. áhobhis [[RV.] (twice), [VS.]; [ŚBr.] &c.] dat. abl. áhobhyas [[VS.] &c.] loc. áhassu [[ŚBr. x]; [AitBr.] &c.] See [ib.] ahna अह्न See ss.vv. only (like ahá) ifc. for áhan (or áhar), q.v., e.g. aty-ahna, aparāhṇá, pūrvāhṇá &c., qq.vv. ahrī अह्री á-hrī mfn. shameless (as a beggar), [ŚBr. xi] á-hrī f. (īs) shamelessness, [MBh. iii, 8494.] ahri अह्रि á-hri mfn. id., [RV.] ahīna अहीन , ahna See ss.vv. áhīna m. (fr. áhan, [Pāṇ. vi, 4, 145]) ‘lasting several days’, a sacrifice lasting several days, [AitBr.]; [ĀśvŚr.] &c. áhīna n. id. Comm. on [Mn. xi, 197] áhīna mfn. only ifc. with numerals (cf. [Pāṇ. v, 1, 87] and [vi, 4, 145]) e.g. try-ahīna, dvyahīna, qq.vv. á-hīna mfn. unimpaired, whole, entire, full, [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] &c. ‘not deprived of’, not withdrawing from (instr.), [Mn. ii, 183] not defective or inferior, excellent, [VarBṛS.]; [Ragh. xviii, 13] á-hīna m. N. of a prince, [VP.] ahīra अहीर m. (= abhīra) a cowherd, [L.] ahūta अहूत á-hūta mfn. uncalled, unsummoned, [RV. x, 107, 9.] ahahā अहहा ind. id., [L.] ahaha अहह ind. an interjection, as Ah! Aha! &c. (implying surprise, fatigue, pain, sorrow, pleasure, calling), [Vikr.]; [Hit.] &c. ahala अहल a-hala mfn. unploughed, unfurrowed? [Pāṇ. v, 4, 121] (cf. [AV. xx, 131, 9.]) ahali अहलि a-hali mfn. id., [ib.] ahanā अहना ahanā́ instr. with an earlier form of accentuation for áhnā. See before. ahara अहर a-hara m. N. of an Asura, [MBh. i, 2660] (v.l. su-hara), [Hariv.] of a son of Manu, [Hariv. 484] (v.l. a-dūra). ahata अहत á-hata mfn. unhurt, uninjured, [AV. xii, 1, 11]; [VS.] not beaten (as a drum), [AdbhBr.] unbeaten (as clothes in washing), unwashed, new, [ŚBr.] &c. unblemished, unsoiled, [BhP.] á-hata n. unwashed or new clothes. ahati अहति á-hati f. = ahata-tā, q.v., [RV. ix, 96, 4.] aheru अहेरु m. the plant Asparagus Racemosus, [L.] ahetu अहेतु a-hetu m. absence of cause or reason, [MBh. xii, 10511] not a real or sound argument, [Nyāyad.] (in rhetoric) a certain figure of speech. ahṛta अहृत a-hṛta mfn. not captivated or carried away by (instr.), [Ragh. viii, 68.] ahikā अहिका f. the silk-cotton tree (Salmalia Malabarica), [L.] ahima अहिम á-hima mf(A)n. without cold, not cold, [ŚBr. xiv.] ahina अहिन ahína = 1. áhīna, [MaitrS.] ahitā अहिता á-hitā f. N. of a river, [MBh. vi, 328] N. of certain veins (cf. also hitā́), [Yājñ. iii, 108.] ahita अहित á-hita mfn. unfit, improper, [RV. viii, 62, 3] unadvantageous, [ŚBr.]; [KātyŚr.]; [Mn. iii, 20], &c. noxious, hostile, [Kathās.] á-hita m. an enemy, [Bhag. ii, 36]; [Ragh.] á-hita n. damage, disadvantage, evil, [Āp.]; [R.] &c. ahnya अह्न्य n. daily course (of the sun), [PBr.]; [BṛĀrUp.] (cf. rathāhnyá) (see also tiró-ahnya.) ahoma अहोम á-homa m. no oblation, [ŚBr. xii.] ahotṛ अहोतृ á-hotṛ mfn. not sacrificing, not competent to sacrifice, [AV. ix, 6, 52]; [ŚBr.] ahura अहुर m. the fire in the stomach, [MantraBr.]; [Gobh.] ahuta अहुत á-huta mfn. unoffered, not yet offered (as a sacrificial oblation), [AV. xii, 4, 53]; [ŚBr.]; [Mn. xii, 68] one who has not received any sacrifice, [AV. vii, 97, 7] (the fire) through or in which no sacrificial oblation has been offered, [Āp.] not obtained by sacrifice, [AV. vi, 71, 2] á-huta m. religious meditation, prayer (considered as one of the five great sacraments, otherwise called Brahma-yajña), [Mn. iii, 73] seq. ahārin अहारिन् a-hārin mfn. g. grāhy-ādi, q.v. ahārya अहार्य a-hārya mfn. not to be stolen, not to be removed, [Mn. ix, 189] unalterable (as a resolution or the mind &c.), [MBh. v, 953]; [Kum. v, 8]; [Daś.] &c. not to be bribed, [Mn. vii, 217]; [MBh.] a-hārya m. a mountain, [L.] N. of a king, [VP.] ahāvas अहावस् ahā́vas ind. an interjection said to sound like a flourish at the end of a Sāman verse, [ŚBr. iv.] ahaṃdhī अहंधी ahaṃ—dhī f. = -karaṇa, q.v., [BhP.] ahaṃkṛ अहंकृ ahaṃ—√ kṛ (Pot. -kuryāt) to have the conceit of individuality, [BhP.] ahaṃtā अहंता ahaṃ—tā f. self-consciousness Comm. on [BhP.] ahaṃyu अहंयु ahaṃ-yú &c. See ahám. ahaṃ—yú mfn. ([Pāṇ. v, 2, 140]) proud, haughty, [RV. i, 167, 7.] ahakam अहकम् See ahám. dimin. for ahám, ‘I’, [Pāṇ. i, 1, 29]; [Pat.] ahalyā अहल्या a-halyā f. N. of the wife of Gautama or Śaradvat, [ŚBr. iii], &c.; [MBh.] &c. N. of an Apsaras, [L.] of a lake (cf. [MBh. iii, 8087]), [L.] ahanti अहन्ति á-hanti f. id., [VS. xvi, 18] [vv.ll. á-hantya mfn. ‘indestructible’, [TS. iv], and á-hantva mfn. id., [MaitrS.]; [Kāṭh.]] ahanya अहन्य ahanyà (4) mfn. daily, [RV. i, 168, 5]; [190, 3]; [v, 48, 3.] aharṣa अहर्ष a-harṣa mfn. unhappy, gloomy, sorrowful. ahasta अहस्त a-hastá mf(A/)n. handless, [RV.]; [Mn.] ahavis अहविस् á-havis mfn. not offering oblations, [RV. i, 182, 3.] ahedhma अहेध्म m. (with paiḍvasya) N. of a Sāman, [ĀrṣBr.] aheḻat अहेळत् á-heḻat mfn. not angry, not displeased, favourable, [RV.]; [VS.] ahelin अहेलिन् a-helin mfn. not dallying, ib. ahṛdya अहृद्य a-hṛdya mfn. not pleasing, not being to one's taste (as food), [Suśr.] ahibhṛt अहिभृत् ahi—bhṛt m. ‘carrying serpents’, Śiva, [L.] ahibhuj अहिभुज् ahi—bhuj m. ‘eating snakes’, a peacock, [L.] the ichneumon plant, [L.] a N. of Garuḍa, [L.] ahighna अहिघ्न áhi—ghna (áhi-), n. the slaying of the serpent or demon Vṛtra, [RV. vi, 18, 14] (loc. -ghne) (see -hán below.) ahiṃsā अहिंसा á-hiṃsā f. not injuring anything, harmlessness (one of the cardinal virtues of most Hindū sects, but particularly of the Buddhists and Jains; also personified as the wife of Dharma, [VāmP.]), [ChUp.]; [Nir.]; [Mn.] &c. security, safeness, [ŚBr.]; [AitBr.] ahidat अहिदत् ahi—dat or ahi—danta, mfn. having the teeth of a serpent, [Pāṇ. v, 4, 145], Sch. ahihan अहिहन् ahi—hán m. (dat. -ghné) f(GnI/). n. killing serpents or Vṛtra, [RV.]; [AV. x, 4, 7.] ahijit अहिजित् ahi—jit m. ‘conquering the serpent’, N. of Kṛṣṇa, [L.] of Indra, [L.] ahimat अहिमत् ahi—mat mfn. ‘possessed of snakes’, the base of āhimata, q.v. ahinas अहिनस् ahi—nas mfn. having a nose like a snake, [Pāṇ. v, 4, 118] Comm. ahnāya अह्नाय ind. dat. (āya) formerly, [Naigh.] ind. instantly, speedily, [MBh.]; [Kum.]; [Ragh.] ahnija अह्निज ahni-ja mfn. originating or appearing during the day, [VarBṛS.] ahni-ja See áhan. ahrīka अह्रीक a-hrīka mfn. ‘shameless beggar’, a Buddhist mendicant, [L.] ahraya अह्रय á-hraya mfn. (√ hrī), not bashful, bold, conscious of one's power, [RV.] abundant, [RV.] ahruta अह्रुत á-hruta mfn. not fluctuating, not stumbling, going in a straight line, [RV.]; [VS. i, 9] not crooked, straight, [AV. vi, 120, 3]; [VS. viii, 29.] ahutād अहुताद् ahutā́d mfn. not eating or not allowed to partake of a sacrifice, [AV.]; [VS.]; [TS.]; [ŚBr.] ahvalā अह्वला á-hvalā f. not fluctuating, not stumbling, firmness, [ŚBr.] the plant Semecarpus Anacardium, [L.] ahaituka अहैतुक a-haituka mf(I)n. id., [Bhag. xviii, 22] causeless, unexpected (as samṛddhi), [BhP.] having no motive, disinterested, [BhP.] ahīśuva अहीशुव ahīśúva m. N. of a demon conquered by Indra, [RV. viii, 32, 2] and [26]; [77, 2]; [x, 144, 3.] ahīnāha अहीनाह a-hīnāha mfn. one whose days are not lessened, [BaudhP.] ahīnagu अहीनगु a-hīna—gu m. N. of a prince (son of Devānīka), [Hariv. 825]; [Ragh. xviii, 13.] ahīnara अहीनर ahī—nara m. N. of a prince, [VP.] ahī-nara See ahī́ s.v. áhi. ahīndra अहीन्द्र m. ‘lord of the snakes’, Patañjali (mentioned under this name in Mahīpa's Anekārthatilaka). ahīraṇi अहीरणि m. (cf. áhi and ahī́) a two-headed snake, [L.] ahīvatī अहीवती ahī-vatī f. ‘filled with snakes’, N. of a river (?), [Pāṇ. vi, 3, 120.] ahī-vatī See áhi. ahabhūna अहभून ahabhū́na m. N. of a Ṛṣi, [TS. iv.] ahaṃjuṣ अहंजुष् ahaṃ—juṣ mfn. thinking only of one's self, [Kum. xv, 51.] ahaṃtva अहंत्व ahaṃ—tva n. the being a self or an individuality, [NṛsUp.] ahaśśas अहश्शस् ahaś—śas ind. day by day, [AitBr.] ahaś-cara & ahaś-śas. See áhar. ahahāre अहहारे ind. id., [ChUp.] ahamada अहमद m. = Ahmad, [Cat.] ahantva अहन्त्व á-hantva mfn., id., [MaitrS.]; [Kāṭh.] á-hantva See the preceding. ahantya अहन्त्य á-hantya mfn., ‘indestructible’, [TS. iv] á-hantya See the preceding. aharādi अहरादि ahar—ādi a gaṇa Comm. on [Pāṇ. viii, 2, 70.] ahar—ādi m. daybreak, [Śiś.] aharbhāj अहर्भाज् ahar—bhā́j mfn. (said of a sacrificial brick) partaking of the day, [ŚBr. x.] aharīta अहरीत a-harīta n. N. of a Sāman. ahardṛś अहर्दृश् ahar—dṛ́ś mfn. beholding the day, living, [RV. viii, 66, 10] ([Nir. vi, 26]). aharita अहरित á-harita mfn. not yellow, [AV.] aharvid अहर्विद् ahar—víd mfn. knowing the (right) days or the fit season, [RV.] ahatatā अहतता a-hata—tā f. uninjured condition, [GopBr.] ahetuka अहेतुक a-hetuka mf(A, Naiṣ. iv, 105)n. groundless. ahṛṇāna अहृणान á-hṛṇāna mfn. not being angry, friendly, [RV. vii, 86, 2]; [x, 116, 7.]